| 词条 | Zuwarah |
| 释义 |
| name = Zuwara | native_name = {{lang|ar|زوارة}} |native_name_lang = | other_name = ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵓⵍ | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = Multiple photos of the Coastal city of Zuwarah.jpg | image_caption = | image_flag = | image_seal = Zuwarah Municipality Logo.png | image_shield = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | map_caption = Top Right:: An aerial view of the city of Zuwarah ; Top Left: Domestic airport of Zuwarah; Bottom left: Downtown roundabout of the city; Bottom right: The beautiful beaches of Zuwarah | pushpin_map = Libya | pushpin_label_position = bottom | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Libya | coordinates = {{coord|32|56|N|12|05|E|region:LY|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{LBY}} | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name1 = Tripolitania | subdivision_name2 = | established_title = | established_date = | government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | unit_pref = Imperial | area_footnotes = | area_magnitude = | area_total_km2 = | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | elevation_footnotes = [1] | elevation_m = 0 | population_total = 32,893 | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = [2] | population_density_km2 = auto | population_note = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = | website = | footnotes = || timezone = EET | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = }} Zuwarah, or Zuwara or Zwara ({{IPAc-en|z|ʊ|ˈ|w|ɑr|ə}}) ({{Lang-ar|زوارة}}; {{Lang-ber|ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵜ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵓⵍ Tamurt n Wat Willul}}[3]), is a port city in northwestern Libya, with a population of around 32,893[4], famous for its beaches and seafood. It is situated {{convert|102|km|abbr=on}} west of Tripoli and {{convert|60|km|abbr=on}} from the Tunisian border. It is the capital of the Nuqat al Khams district. Its population speaks Zuwara Berber, a Zenati Berber language. HistoryThe settlement was first mentioned by the traveller al-Tidjani in the years 1306-1309 as Zwara al-saghirah ("Little Zwarah").[5] In a Catalan sailing manual (1375) it was called as Punta dar Zoyara. The town is mentioned by Leo Africanus in the 16th century. It later served as the western outpost of Italian Libya (1912–43), being the terminus of the now-defunct Italian Libya Railway from Tripoli {{convert|105|km}} to the east. Its artificial harbour shelters a motorized fishing fleet. Cereals, dates, and esparto grass (used to make cordage, shoes, and paper) are local products. Cultural revolutionIn 1973, it was here in Zuwara that Muammar Gaddafi first proclaimed the Libyan "Cultural Revolution". 2011 Libyan civil war{{Further|Libyan Crisis (2011–present)}}In the 2011 Libyan Civil War battles, the city was reported by Al Jazeera to be under control of the local anti-Gaddafi forces on 23 February 2011, and lost by the government of Muammar Gaddafi.[6] Thousands of anti-government protesters, gathered in the Zuwara town square on 24 February, repulsed another Libyan Army attempt to retake the city. Loyalist forces used the pro-government towns of Jumayl and Riqdalin to the south as bases for their attacks on the city.[7] However, from March onwards, the city was under the control of loyalist forces.[8] Amidst the August rebel coastal offensive, rebels took Zuwara on 18 August.[9] In September 2011, and following the fall of the Gaddafi government, Zuwara was the first town in Libya to democratically elect its local council.[10] ClimateZuwara has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh). {{Weather box|location = Zuwarah|metric first = Y |single line = Y |width = 75% |Jan high C = 17.0 |Feb high C = 18.5 |Mar high C = 20.3 |Apr high C = 22.4 |May high C = 25.1 |Jun high C = 27.8 |Jul high C = 30.2 |Aug high C = 31.5 |Sep high C = 29.2 |Oct high C = 26.3 |Nov high C = 23.2 |Dec high C = 18.1 |Jan low C = 7 8 |Feb low C = 10.2 |Mar low C = 13.6 |Apr low C = 16.3 |May low C = 19.5 |Jun low C = 20.8 |Jul low C = 22.4 |Aug low C = 21.0 |Sep low C = 21.0 |Oct low C = 17.1 |Nov low C = 12.1 |Dec low C = 7.3 |Jan precipitation mm = 32 |Feb precipitation mm = 20 |Mar precipitation mm = 16 |Apr precipitation mm = 13 |May precipitation mm = 5 |Jun precipitation mm = 1 |Jul precipitation mm = 0 |Aug precipitation mm = 0 |Sep precipitation mm = 10 |Oct precipitation mm = 29 |Nov precipitation mm = 32 |Dec precipitation mm = 44 |year precipitation mm= 202 |source = [https://en.climate-data.org/location/28603/ Climate-data.org] |date=14 March 2018}} See also
References1. ^Wolfram Alpha 2. ^[Amraja M. el Khajkhaj, "Noumou al Mudon as Sagheera fi Libia", Dar as Saqia, Benghazi-2008, pp. 118-123]{{dead link|date=July 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 3. ^Mitchell (2007: 29, 195). 4. ^{{Cite book|url=|title=Noumou al Mudon as Sagheera fi Libia|last=El Khajkhaj|first=Amraja M.|publisher=Dar as Saqia|year= 2008|isbn=|location=Benghazi|pages=118-123|language=en}} 5. ^"Voyage du Scheikh Et-Tidjani dans la régence de Tunis pendant les années 706, 707 et 708 de l'hégire (1306-1309)", transl. by M. A. Rousseau, Journal Asiatique 1853, p. 121. 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://blogs.aljazeera.net/africa/2011/02/23/live-blog-libya-feb-24 |title=Live Blog - Libya Feb 24 |work=Al Jazeera English |date=23 February 2011 |accessdate=24 February 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225122347/http://blogs.aljazeera.net/africa/2011/02/23/live-blog-libya-feb-24 |archivedate=February 25, 2011 }} 7. ^{{cite news|title=New Old Libya|last=Draper|first=Robert|date=February 2013|publisher=National Geographic|pages=46}} 8. ^NPR; [https://www.npr.org/2011/02/24/134034859/Militias-In-Libya-Attack-Protesters "Militias In Libya Attack Protesters"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160529220307/http://www.npr.org/2011/02/24/134034859/Militias-In-Libya-Attack-Protesters |date=May 29, 2016 }}; February 24, 2011; Accessed 2001-02-24. 9. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle-east/explosions-shake-libyan-capital-as-rebels-advance-in-the-western-mountains-around-tripoli/2011/08/18/gIQAUtxHNJ_story.html|work=The Washington Post|date=18 August 2011|accessdate=18 August 2011|title=Rebels claim control of Libya’s last functioning oil refinery}} 10. ^"The voice of Libya's minorities" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140526051338/http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/the-staggers/2011/11/amazigh-arab-libya-wail-public |date=May 26, 2014 }}; November, 2011 Sources
External links
4 : Populated places in Nuqat al Khams District|Port cities and towns in Libya|Tripolitania|Baladiyat of Libya |
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