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词条 Draft:Robert James Raney
释义

  1. Family and education

  2. Early career

  3. Fred Harvey years

  4. Closing of Fred Harvey Kansas City Offices

  5. Post Fred Harvey Years

  6. Personal

  7. Mary Colter's Claim

  8. References

{{AFC submission|t||u=Kathhill11|ns=118|demo=|ts=20181022004007}} {{Infobox architect
| name = Robert James Raney
| image = Robert James Raney, circa 1925.jpg
| caption=Robert James Raney, circa 1925
| alt = Robert James Raney, circa 1925
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1883|11|02}}
| birth_place = Whistler, Alabama
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1963|04|10|1883|11|02}}
| death_place = Kansas City, Missouri
| other_names = RJ Raney
| nationality = American
| alma_mater = University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa
| spouse = Corinne Hendrix (m. 1908; d.1930)
Edna Adele Schmid (m. 1932)
| children = Adele Ann Raney Harmeling
Roberta Ruth Raney O'Laughlin
| parents = John Newton Raney
Annie Maher Johnson
| awards =
| practice = Raney & Dumas
Raney & Botkin
Fred Harvey Company
| significant_buildings = {{unbulleted list | Auto Coach Building | Hesse Carriage Company Building | Guadalupe Center | Phantom Ranch Phase II | Auto Camp Lodge | La Posada Hotel | Desert View Watchtower | Bright Angel Lodge
}}
| significant_projects = {{unbulleted list | Westport Room, Kansas City Union Station | Fred Harvey facilities at Chicago Union Station | La Fonda Hotel with John Gaw Meem
}}
| significant_design =
| signature =
}}

Robert James Raney (November 2, 1883 - April 10, 1963) was an American architect who spent 20 years working as Chief Architect of the Fred Harvey Company system. He is notable for the work he did for Fred Harvey during those years, as well as numerous other projects before, during, and afterward.

Family and education

Robert James Raney was born November 2, 1883, into the working class, railroad community of Whistler, Alabama, son of John Newton Raney and Annie Maher Raney.[1] His father was a blacksmith who worked for the Mobile, Jackson & Kansas City (M.J. & K.C.) and the Mobile & Ohio Railroads.[2] He had three siblings, Edna Frances Raney Kohl (1885{{ndash}}1962), Annie Teresa Raney Gradel (1887{{ndash}}1969), and William Roy Raney (1891{{ndash}}1963).

After graduating from high school in the Fall of 1899, RJ, as he was called, enrolled at the University of Alabama. Because the University required new freshmen to be at least 16 years of age at the start of the Fall term, October 4th that year,[3] RJ used his mother's birthday of September 19 so he wouldn't have to wait another year. He would use that as his birthdate for the rest of his life.[4] RJ received his Bachelor's of Science in Engineering in 1903. He was also awarded a fellowship[5] and received his master's degree in civil engineering the following year.[6]

Early career

Raney apprenticed for several years with Chattanooga architect David Vincent Stroop (1864{{ndash}}1943). Notable buildings by Stroop during Raney's apprenticeship include the still extant Christ Church Episcopal in Chattanooga (1908)[7], a hotel on Lookout Mountain,[8] and many residences for the affluent of Chattanooga.[9] In 1908, Raney quietly married Miss Corinne Hendrix, who worked in Chattanooga as a bookkeeper to Ellsworth L. Mudge, a prominent photographer and client of Stroop. She was originally from Milledgeville, Georgia.[10]

In 1910, the Raneys left Chattanooga for Kansas City, Missouri. Raney had accepted a draftsman position with the Missouri & Kansas Telephone Company.[11] A little over a year later he left to work for eclectic architectural designer Louis Curtiss. The chance to work for Curtiss, who has been called Kansas City's "most innovative and important local architect,"[12] was an opportunity he was wise not to pass up. Buildings designed by Curtiss during the time Raney worked for him include six stone homes for William Rockhill Nelson in Kansas City, Missouri; the innovative Bernard Corrigan residence in Kansas City, Missouri; the Casa Ricardo Hotel for the St. Louis, Brownsville and Mexico Railway with Fred Harvey Company management in Kingsville, Texas; the St. Louis, Brownsville and Mexico Railway headquarters in Kingsville, Texas; the Santa Fe Depot in Snyder, Texas; and Union Station in Joplin, Missouri[13]. In 1912, Curtiss also redesigned the home of J. Fred and Minnie Harvey Huckel in Kansas City.[14] Minnie was the daughter of entrepreneur Fred Harvey and Huckel had been an executive with the Fred Harvey Company since the late 1890s and had founded and managed its Indian Department.[15] This may have been Raney's first direct encounter with the Harvey family.

Raney left Curtiss in September of 1913 to start his own architectural practice,[16] perhaps precipitated by a decline in Curtiss' volume of work. Due to several factors, not the least of which was a nationwide recession[17] and perhaps a shift in architectural preferences to more conservative styles,[12] Curtiss trimmed down his local projects and concentrated more on his work for the railroad. Raney worked on his own for about a year, then went on to form a partnership with Pierre E. Dumas in October 1914.[18]

Dumas' name on the business leaves the impression that he was also an architect, but his background indicates otherwise. In 1910, he was searching for a "situation" as a bookkeeper/timekeeper in Denver, Colorado.[19] Again, in 1912, he was searching for a position as a Spanish or French correspondent.[20] In 1913, he is listed as a clerk for Richardson & Boynton, a furnace company.[21] Though in 1914, prior to his partnership with Raney, he was listed as an engineer with Lynn E. Bowman, a plumber,[22] throughout the rest of his career, including his 1918 World War I draft registration which lists his occupation as "General Advertising Business" for the Clyde Glenn Company in Tampa, Florida,[23] Dumas worked in advertising. An article about him in the Tampa Tribune indicates that his specialty was general advertising.[24] During his time with Raney, he was likely responsible for marketing and acquiring new business.

In 1915, Raney & Dumas published My Architect, A Compendium of Suggestions for the Prospective Builder. Well reviewed by the industry,[25] the 128-page book contained illustrations, floor plans, and building advice for everything from small bungalows to larger "mansion types," apartments, garages, movie theaters, churches, banks, libraries, stores, landscape gardening, and farm buildings.[26] While the plans for each building were available for purchase at a nominal charge as-is, the idea behind the book was to give the builder or property owner a starting point for their own architectural tastes.[26]{{rp|7}}

Between 1913, when Raney was on his own, and the beginning of 1917, when his partnership with Dumas ended, Raney designed commercial buildings and residences in Kansas City and nearby towns.[27] One of his first commissions was a new house for Fred Harvey executive Roland H. Ford in the Swope Park area of Kansas City.[28] The home was based on Raney's Parkview design from My Architect. Several of the trade buildings are now part of the McGee Street Automotive Historic District in Kansas City, including 1701-1705, 1817, and 1827 McGee Street.[29] The district itself was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 20, 2018.[30] Raney also designed the eastern addition of the Hesse Carriage Company Building at 1700 Oak Street, also on the National Register of Historic Places, which was commissioned in 1915 by Otto Hesse, son of William G. Hesse, the company's founder who had died in 1907. This second unit was to be a four-story building with its main facade facing Oak Street. Two stories were built in 1915, with the other two added in 1929.[31] The Hesse Carriage Company, incorporated in 1903, specialized in carriages that were used as delivery vehicles for industries such as dairy, produce, bread, and ice. Otto Hesse and his partner Joseph Falk were able to segue their company into the automotive age by adapting their wagon bodies to fit automobile frames. The company became a leader in manufacturing custom bodies for automobiles and trucks.[31]

In February 1917, Raney's partnership with Dumas dissolved and he formed a new partnership with Millard Filmore Botkin.[32] Like Dumas, Botkin was not an architect; he listed his role with Raney as "Service Director."[33] The partnership was short-lived and ended mid-1917, possibly due to Botkin being drafted in the first wave of the Selective Service Act of 1917.[33] During their association, Raney designed numerous residences and commercial buildings, including two more that have been included in the McGee Street Automotive Historic District (1725 and 1909 McGee Street)[30] and the Auto Coach Building, also owned by Otto Hesse, at 1730-34 Oak Street.[34]

Fred Harvey years

Raney continued to work on his own through July 1918, designing at least four more commercial buildings in Kansas City, three on McGee Street and one on Oak Street. Only the building on Oak Street is extant.[35][36][37][38]Raney's World War I Draft Registration reports him as architect for employer Fred Harvey, so sometime between July 1918, when he was designing 1601 Oak Street, and September 1918, Raney was hired by Fred Harvey as their first staff architect.[39] Prior to this time, the Harvey system and Santa Fe Railway had exclusively used outside architects such as Charles Whittlesey and Louis Curtiss for their building projects. In addition to his talent and experience, his prior contacts with Curtiss, Minnie and J.F. Huckel, and Roland Ford likely helped him get his foot in the door.

Raney's Harvey career was temporarily interrupted, however, with the third round of registration for World War I on September 12, 1918, which required men ages 18 to 45 to register for the draft.[40] Raney fell into this category and was selected to serve. In 1919, he was listed in Houston, Texas, as a draftsman for the U.S. Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation.[41].

In 1922, Raney was back with Fred Harvey,[42] working with a young draftsman, William Raymond Ferris, who had been hired while Raney was in Texas.[43] Ferris left the company in 1923 when he was invited to study at the Les Ecoles d’Art Américaines de Fontainebleau in Paris.[44] In addition to Ferris, Raney was assisted over the course of his employment by a series of able, younger architects that included Charles O. Coverley, Emmett J. Corman, and Robert Lee Nusbaum.

Following Fred Harvey's death in early 1901, Fred Harvey (the company) had been run by Ford Harvey, Fred's eldest son, from the Kansas City office located at Union Station in Kansas City. Ford's younger brother Byron was sent to Chicago, and worked in the Santa Fe dining car division.[45] The Kansas City office handled the hotels, restaurants, railroad station concessions, and Park Service buildings. During his employment, which lasted until 1942, Raney designed the following:

  1. 1925 Chicago Union Station Shops and Concession Stands&91;46&93;
  2. 1926 Auto Camp Lodge, Grand Canyon South Rim &91;47&93;
  3. 1927 - 1928 Phantom Ranch Phase 2, Grand Canyon&91;48&93;
  4. 1927 St. Elizabeth Parish School, Kansas City (side project)&91;49&93;
  5. 1926 - 1929 La Fonda Addition, Santa Fe, New Mexico (assist to John Gaw Meem, Santa Fe)&91;50&93;
  6. 1930 La Posada Hotel, Winslow, Arizona&91;51&93;
  7. 1933 Desert View Watchtower, Grand Canyon South Rim&91;52&93;
  8. 1935 Bright Angel Lodge, Grand Canyon South Rim &91;53&93;
  9. 1935 Guadalupe Center (side project)&91;54&93;
  10. 1937 Westport Room, Kansas City Union Station (with Holabird & Root, Chicago)&91;55&93;&91;56&93;

Closing of Fred Harvey Kansas City Offices

Ford Harvey died in December of 1928. Following his death, Byron was named president, but control of the company remained in Kansas City with Ford's son Freddy, and executives David Benjamin and J.F. Huckel.

A chain of events over the next several years, however, changed things dramatically. David Benjamin died suddenly in 1933. Then in 1936, J.F. Huckel and Freddy Harvey died within weeks of each other, the latter in a horrible plane crash with his wife and dog on board.[57] Kitty Harvey, who then had controlling shares of the company, was eventually forced to sell her shares to her uncle, Byron, who decided to bring the main office to Chicago.[58] Raney remained in Kansas City; his 1942 World War II draft registration, which lists his occupation as "Architect with Fred Harvey," with a work address of "293 Union Station" indicates that the architectural division had not yet been relocated. Projects had dwindled however; so in 1943, Raney accepted a position as architect for the Santa Fe Railway's Gulf Coast subsidiary (Gulf, Colorado & Santa Fe Railway) in Galveston, Texas and moved his family there.[59]

Post Fred Harvey Years

Raney remained in Galveston only a year or so. In 1944 he moved his family away from the coast to Temple, Texas, due in part to the weather (the 1943 "Surprise Hurricane" had hit the area on July 27, 1943[60]) and the possibility of German U-boat activity in the Gulf Coast area. In 1946, following the war, Raney and his family moved back to Kansas City, where he remained until his death in 1963. He worked mainly on his own, though he did have a partner, Donal F. Tuel, briefly in the early 1950s.

Personal

R.J. Raney's first wife, Corinne, died from stomach cancer in 1930.[61] In 1932, he married Edna Adele Schmid, who also worked at Fred Harvey as an executive secretary. She had been hired in 1927 by Ford Harvey in response to a recommendation from Horace Albright, whom she had worked for in Yellowstone National Park for about 18 months.[62] They had two daughters, Adele Ann (1933 - 2010) and Roberta Ruth (1936 - 1981).

Mary Colter's Claim

Mary Colter claimed in her 1952 "Autobiographical Summary," submitted to Alice V. Donahue, Director of Public Relations at Fred Harvey in Chicago, that she was hired as architect and decorator in 1902, and that she was the architect of many of the same structures that are listed here as having been designed by Robert Raney.[63] Her story became legend when subsequent biographers cited her summary as fact. In 2015, Fred L. Shaw began doing in-depth research into her life using independent, contemporaneous, primary sources, unlike prior biographers who had relied only upon her Autobiographical Summary, documents whose source could be traced to Colter herself, and interviews with people who had been associated with her either later in life, or from outside her work environment. His research revealed that she falsely claimed the work of three architects, one of whom was Robert James Raney.[64]

References

1. ^{{cite book |title=Baptismal Register of Saint Bridget Roman Catholic Church, Whistler, Alabama |date=November 1883 |publisher=Archdiocese of Mobile, Alabama Archives |location=Mobile, Alabama |page=499}}
2. ^{{cite book |title=U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 |date=2011 |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations, Inc. |location=Provo, UT, USA |edition=Mobile, Alabama 1904, 1908, 1916}}
3. ^{{cite book |title=Catalogue of the Officers and Students of the University of Alabama for the Academic Year 1898-1899, "Terms of Admission" |date=1898 |publisher=Brown Publishing |location=Montgomery, Alabama}}
4. ^Missouri, State of. 1963 (filed 29 Apr). "Standard Certificate of Death: Robert James Raney." Division of Health, Reg. Dist. No. 149, File No. 63-016236
5. ^Tuscaloosa News, Fellowships Granted, Tuscaloosa News, Page 7, Tuesday, 14 July 1903
6. ^Tuscaloosa News, Day of Days for Students: Diplomas Delivered to a Remarkably Fine Class at the University, Tuscaloosa News, Page 2, 2 June 1904
7. ^{{cite web |last1=Hamilton |first1=Chuck |title=History of Christ Church, Chattanooga |url=http://notesfromtheninthcircle.blogspot.com/2015/02/history-of-christ-church-chattanooga.html |website=Notes from the Ninth Circle |archiveurl=http://notesfromtheninthcircle.blogspot.com/2015/02/history-of-christ-church-chattanooga.html |archivedate=24 April 2018 |location=Chattanooga, TN|date=5 February 2015 }}
8. ^{{cite journal |title=Hotels: Lookout Mountain |journal=Industrial Development and Manufacturers' Record |date=15 April 1909 |volume=55 |page=64}}
9. ^{{cite book |editor="Architects' and Builders' Magazine" |title=Bungalows, Camps and Mountain Houses, Consisting of a Large Variety of Designs by a Number of Architects, Showing Buildings that Have Been Erected in All Parts of the Country |date=31 December 1908 |publisher=William T. Comstock |location=New York |pages=2,7,8,15,18,19,23,24,25,29,95,101}}
10. ^Milledgeville-Union Recorder, HENDRIX-RANEY, Milledgeville-Union Recorder, Page 5, 28 January 1908.
11. ^{{cite web |website=Ancestry.com |title=U.S. City Directories: 1910 Robert J Raney |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations, Inc. |url=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?_phsrc=rCg1303&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true&indiv=1&db=usdirectories&gsfn=Robert%20J&gsln=Raney&gsln_x=NN&_83004003-n_xcl=f&msrdy=1910&msrpn__ftp=kansas%20city,%20jackson,%20missouri,%20usa&msrpn=48969&new=1&rank=1&redir=false&uidh=jgk&gss=angs-d&pcat=37&fh=0&h=616226419&recoff=&ml_rpos=1}}
12. ^1 {{Cite journal |last1=Eggener |first1=Keith |title=Louis Curtiss and the Politics of Architectural Reputation |url=https://placesjournal.org/article/louis-curtiss-and-the-politics-of-architectural-reputation/#0 |journal=Places Journal |issue=2012 |accessdate=11 Nov 2018 |archiveurl=https://placesjournal.org/article/louis-curtiss-and-the-politics-of-architectural-reputation/#0 |archivedate=February 2012 |doi=10.22269/120206|date=6 February 2012 }}
13. ^{{cite book |last1=Sandy |first1=Wilda |title=Stalking Louis Curtiss |date=1991 |publisher=Ward Parkway Press |location=Kansas City, Missouri |isbn=978-0-9629847-0-9 |pages=LC/45–LC/51 |edition=1st |ref=sandy}}
14. ^{{cite journal |last1=City of Kansas City, Missouri |title=Building Permit #51572 for 3737 Gillham Road, Kansas City, Missouri |journal=Kansas City Public Library Collection |date=13 January 1912}}
15. ^{{cite book |last1=Fried |first1=Stephen |title=Appetite for America: Fred Harvey and the Business of Civilizing the West - One Meal at a Time |date=2010 |publisher=Bantam Books |location=New York |isbn=978-0-553-80437-9 |pages=153, 182–193}}
16. ^{{cite journal |title=Personal - R. J. Raney Opens Office |journal=Construction News |date=6 September 1913 |page=8}}
17. ^{{cite book |last1=Zarnowitz |first1=Victor |title=Business Cycles: Theory, History, Indicators, and Forecasting |date=1996 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |isbn=978-0-226-97891-8 |pages=226–29}}
18. ^{{cite journal |title=Personal - Architects Raney & Dumas |journal=American Contractor |date=10 October 1914 |page=87}}
19. ^{{cite news |last1=Dumas |first1=P. E. |title=For August 1st |url=https://www.genealogybank.com/doc/newspapers/image/v2%3A12C601A5C4B97518%40GB3NEWS-14746625B9BCF1E0%402418849-147313CD4CA0AE68%4034-147313CD4CA0AE68%40?h=2&fname=P.%20E.%20&lname=Dumas&fullname=&kwinc=&kwexc=&rgfromDate=01/01/1910&rgtoDate=12/31/1914&formDate=&formDateFlex=exact&dateType=range&processingtime= |accessdate=9 December 2018 |work=Denver Rocky Mountain News |date=26 June 1910 |location=Denver, CO |page=35}}
20. ^{{cite news |last1=Dumas |first1=P. E. |title=Wanted |url=https://www.genealogybank.com/doc/newspapers/image/v2%3A11FF2A92A519802A%40GB3NEWS-16C8DD8D2F06A258%402419533-16C8536ED03E6682%4015-16C8536ED03E6682%40?h=1&fname=P.%20E.%20&lname=Dumas&fullname=&kwinc=&kwexc=&rgfromDate=01/01/1910&rgtoDate=12/31/1914&formDate=&formDateFlex=exact&dateType=range&processingtime= |accessdate=9 December 2018 |work=Kansas City Times |date=10 May 1912 |location=Kansas City, MO |page=16}}
21. ^{{cite web |last1=Richardson and Boynton |title=U.S. City Directories 1913|url=https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/2469/11502954/1095185826?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/50446515/person/13068038104/facts/citation/120348069621/edit/record#?imageId=11503034 |website=ancestry.com |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations |accessdate=2 December 2018}}
22. ^{{cite web |last1=Bowman |first1=Lynn |title=U.S. City Directories 1914 |url=https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/2469/11462663/1098033350?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/50446515/person/13068038104/facts/citation/522029684292/edit/record#?imageId=11461729 |website=ancestry.com |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations |accessdate=2 December 2018}}
23. ^{{cite web |last1=Dumas |first1=Pierre |title=U.S., World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918 for Pierre Eugene Dumas |url=https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/6482/005150533_03351?pid=10042240&backurl=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?_phsrc%3DrCg1375%26_phstart%3DsuccessSource%26usePUBJs%3Dtrue%26indiv%3D1%26db%3Dww1draft%26gsfn%3DPierre%2520Eugene%26gsln%3DDumas%26_83004003-n_xcl%3Df%26msypn__ftp%3Dkansas%2520city,%2520jackson,%2520missouri,%2520usa%26msypn%3D48969%26msbdy%3D1884%26msbpn__ftp%3Dlorient,%2520morbihan,%2520bretagne,%2520france%26msbpn%3D217080%26qh%3D2%252BiptvOB7Y66GDqYUF6MKg%253D%253D%26new%3D1%26rank%3D1%26redir%3Dfalse%26uidh%3Djgk%26gss%3Dangs-d%26pcat%3D39%26fh%3D0%26h%3D10042240%26recoff%3D%26ml_rpos%3D1&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=rCg1375&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true |website=Ancestry.com |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations, Inc. |accessdate=9 December 2018 |location=Provo, UT |date=12 September 1918}}
24. ^{{cite news |last1=Dumas |first1=Pierre E. |title=Joins Advertising Firm In This City |accessdate=26 December 2018 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/326201382/?terms=pierre%2Be.%2Bdumas |work=The Tampa Sunday Tribune |publisher=Wallace Fisher Stovall |date=1 September 1918 |page=A FIVE}}
25. ^{{cite journal |title="My Architect" - A Fine Book for Lumbermen, Builders and Homebuilding Cititzens |journal=The Saint Louis Lumberman |date=15 February 1916 |page=88}}
26. ^1 {{cite book |author1=R.J. Raney |author2=P.E. Dumas |title=My Architect |date=1915 |publisher=Raney & Dumas |location=Kansas City, Missouri}}
27. ^{{cite web |title=The American Contractor |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/012312852 |website=Hathi Trust Digital Library |publisher=F. W. Dodge Corporation |accessdate=21 January 2019}}
28. ^{{cite journal |title=Kansas City, Mo. - Residence for R.H. Ford |journal=American Contractor |date=10 October 1914 |volume=35 |issue=Construction News Edition |page=63}}
29. ^{{cite web |title=McGee Street Historic Resources Survey 2017 |url=https://dnr.mo.gov/shpo/survey/JAAS087-R.pdf |accessdate=November 24, 2018}}
30. ^1 {{NRISref|2013a|dateform=mdy|accessdate=January 14, 2019|refnum=100002427|name=McGee Street Automotive Historic District}}
31. ^1 {{cite web |title=National Register of Historic Places Registration Form For The Hesse Carriage Company Building |url=https://dnr.mo.gov/shpo/nps-nr/07000169.pdf |website=Missouri Department of Natural Resources |publisher=mo.gov |accessdate=27 December 2018}}
32. ^{{cite journal |title=Personal |journal=American Contractor |date=10 February 1917 |volume=38 |page=86 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433071604106;view=1up;seq=648 |accessdate=15 January 2019}}
33. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Botkin |first1=Millard F. |author2=Ancestry.com |title=World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918 |url=http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?db=ww1draft&h=31105959&ti=0&indiv=try&gss=pt |via=Ancestry.com |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations Inc |accessdate=15 January 2019 |location=Provo, UT}}
34. ^{{NRISref|2013a|dateform=mdy|accessdate=January 14, 2019|refnum=07000328|name=Auto Coach Building}}
35. ^{{Google maps |url= https://www.google.com/maps/place/1416+McGee+St,+Kansas+City,+MO+64106/@39.0985995,-94.5823321,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x87c0f066f7712097:0xc0dd26e703d9c2f9!8m2!3d39.0985954!4d-94.5801434 |title= 1416 McGee Street, Kansas City, MO |access-date= 3 February 2019 }}
36. ^{{Google maps |url= https://www.google.com/maps/place/1414+McGee+St,+Kansas+City,+MO+64106/@39.0986014,-94.5823319,823m/data=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x87c0f066f7712097:0x6fdc7be35ab3e90c!8m2!3d39.0985973!4d-94.5801432 |title= 1414 McGee Street, Kansas City, MO |access-date= 3 February 2019 }}
37. ^{{Google maps |url= https://www.google.com/maps/place/2732+McGee+St,+Kansas+City,+MO+64106/@39.0988157,-94.5798214,3a,75y,31.39h,100.16t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sHt8AwlYBx1erYwcRadfh8w!2e0!7i13312!8i6656!4m5!3m4!1s0x87c0f066f7712097:0x20e6bf882c0a4fde!8m2!3d39.0985162!4d-94.5798206 |title= 2732 McGee Street, Kansas City, MO |access-date= 3 February 2019 }}
38. ^{{Google maps |url= https://www.google.com/maps/place/1601+Oak+St,+Kansas+City,+MO+64108/@39.0942606,-94.5788999,17z/data=!4m13!1m7!3m6!1s0x87c0f068cf0b04eb:0xf338fce43bc7eed8!2s1601+Oak+St,+Kansas+City,+MO+64108!3b1!8m2!3d39.094256!4d-94.5784431!3m4!1s0x87c0f068cf0b04eb:0xf338fce43bc7eed8!8m2!3d39.094256!4d-94.5784431 |title= 1601 Oak Street, Kansas City, MO |access-date= 3 February 2019 }}
39. ^{{cite web |last1=Raney |first1=Robert |author2=Ancestry.com |title=World War I Draft Registration Cards, 1917-1918 |url=https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/6482/005151871_03649/31110394?backurl=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/50446515/person/13068038104/facts/citation/120113020965/edit/record |via=Ancestry.com |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations Inc |accessdate=15 January 2019 |location=Provo, UT}}
40. ^[https://www.archives.gov/research/military/ww1/draft-registration "World War I Draft Registration Cards"], US National Archives
41. ^{{cite web |author1=Ancestry.com |title=U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 |url=https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/50446515/person/13068038104/facts |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations, Inc. |accessdate=11 February 2019 |archivedate=2011 |location=Provo, UT, USA}}
42. ^{{cite news |title=A District For Duplexes |work=Kansas City Star |date=8 October 1922 |page=70}}
43. ^{{cite journal |title=Wanted Help - Experienced Draftsman |journal=American Contractor |date=26 July 1919 |volume=40 |page=77 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433057658787;view=1up;seq=365 |accessdate=19 February 2019}}
44. ^{{cite web |title=U.S. Passport Applications, 1795-1925 for William R Ferris |url=https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/1174/USM1490_2211-0335?pid=184624&backurl=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv%3D1%26dbid%3D1174%26h%3D184624%26tid%3D%26pid%3D%26usePUB%3Dtrue%26_phsrc%3DrCg1628%26_phstart%3DsuccessSource&treeid=&personid=&hintid=&usePUB=true&_phsrc=rCg1628&_phstart=successSource&usePUBJs=true#?imageId=USM1490_2211-0335 |website=Ancestry.com |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations, Inc. |accessdate=24 February 2019}}
45. ^{{cite book |last1=Fried |first1=Stephen |title=Appetite for America: Fred Harvey and the Business of Civilizing the West - One Meal at a Time |date=2010 |publisher=Bantam Books |location=New York |isbn=978-0-553-80437-9 |page=223}}
46. ^{{cite journal |title=Fred Harvey, Caterer, Chicago Union Station |journal=Hotel Monthly |date=August 1925 |page=65}}
47. ^{{cite book |author1=Fred L. Shaw |title=False Architect: The Mary Colter Hoax |date=20 April 2018 |url=https://www.amazon.com/False-Architect-Mary-Colter-Hoax-ebook/dp/B07CJRX2F5/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=false+architect&qid=1554678663&s=gateway&sr=8-1 |accessdate=20 April 2018 |asin=B07CJRX2F5 |pages=3828-3894}}
48. ^{{cite book |author1=Fred L. Shaw |title=False Architect: The Mary Colter Hoax |date=20 April 2018 |url=https://www.amazon.com/False-Architect-Mary-Colter-Hoax-ebook/dp/B07CJRX2F5/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=false+architect&qid=1554678663&s=gateway&sr=8-1 |accessdate=20 April 2018 |asin=B07CJRX2F5 |pages=3895-1913}}
49. ^Robert J. Raney, "Architectural Drawings - Saint Elizabeth's School, 75th and Main, Kansas City, Missouri," 1927, Missouri Valley Chapter-Society of Architectural Historians (MVC-SAH) Architectural Records Collection, State Historical Society of Missouri
50. ^J.F. Huckel, "To Messrs. Meem and McCormick, Regarding Raney Design for Elevators and Stairs," December 12, 1927, John Gaw Meem Papers, MSS 790 BC, Job 055, Box 3, Folder 6, Center for Southwest Research, University Libraries, University of New Mexico
51. ^{{cite book |author1=Fred L. Shaw |title=False Architect: The Mary Colter Hoax |date=20 April 2018 |url=https://www.amazon.com/False-Architect-Mary-Colter-Hoax-ebook/dp/B07CJRX2F5/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=false+architect&qid=1554678663&s=gateway&sr=8-1 |accessdate=20 April 2018 |asin=B07CJRX2F5 |pages=4377-4576}}
52. ^{{cite book |author1=Fred L. Shaw |title=False Architect: The Mary Colter Hoax |date=20 April 2018 |url=https://www.amazon.com/False-Architect-Mary-Colter-Hoax-ebook/dp/B07CJRX2F5/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=false+architect&qid=1554678663&s=gateway&sr=8-1 |accessdate=20 April 2018 |asin=B07CJRX2F5 |pages=4577-4863}}
53. ^{{cite book |author1=Fred L. Shaw |title=False Architect: The Mary Colter Hoax |date=20 April 2018 |url=https://www.amazon.com/False-Architect-Mary-Colter-Hoax-ebook/dp/B07CJRX2F5/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=false+architect&qid=1554678663&s=gateway&sr=8-1 |accessdate=20 April 2018 |asin=B07CJRX2F5 |pages=4931-5104}}
54. ^{{NRISref|2013a|dateform=mdy|accessdate=January 14, 2019|refnum=03000866|name=Guadalupe Center}}
55. ^Byron S. Harvey, "To Hildreth Meière Regarding Robert J. Raney Plans and Specifications, Payment and Sketches," November 7, 1936, Hildreth Meière papers, 1901-2011, bulk 1911-1960, Archives of American Art - Smithsonian Institution
56. ^{{cite web |title=Union Station Kansas City, MO Westport Room restaurant and cocktail lounge walls |url=https://www.hildrethmeiere.org/commissions/union-station |website=HildrethMeiere.org |publisher=International Hildreth Meièe Association, Inc. |accessdate=7 April 2019}}
57. ^{{cite news |title=Two Killed in Cambria Plane Crash |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/57125396/?terms=Fred%2BHarvey%2Bplane%2Bcrash |accessdate=4 April 2019 |work=Altoona Tribune |date=20 April 1936}}
58. ^{{cite book |last1=Fried |first1=Stephen |title=Appetite for America: Fred Harvey and the Business of Civilizing the West - One Meal at a Time |date=2010 |publisher=Bantam Books |location=New York |isbn=978-0-553-80437-9 |pages=305-309,353-357,360-366}}
59. ^{{cite web |website=Ancestry.com |title=U.S. City Directories: 1943 Robert J Raney |publisher=Ancestry.com Operations, Inc. |url=https://www.ancestry.com/interactive/2469/4775979?pid=379434977&backurl=https://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv%3D1%26dbid%3D2469%26h%3D379434977%26ssrc%3Dpt%26tid%3D50446515%26pid%3D13068038104%26usePUB%3Dtrue&ssrc=pt&treeid=50446515&personid=13068038104&hintid=&usePUB=true&usePUBJs=true}}
60. ^{{cite web |author1=Lew Fincher |author2=Bill Read |title=The 1943 "Surprise" Hurricane |url=https://www.weather.gov/hgx/projects_1943surprisehurricane |website=National Weather Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |publisher=USA.gov |accessdate=7 April 2019}}
61. ^{{cite web |title=Mrs. Corinne Raney |url=http://s1.sos.mo.gov/records/archives/archivesdb/deathcertificates/ |archivedate=19 September 1930 |location=Kansas City, Jackson, Missouri, USA}}
62. ^Horace Albright, "Western Union to Adele Schmid Regarding Job Interview with Ford Harvey," Telegram, (November 4, 1927), Robert and Adele Raney Papers, Private
63. ^Mary E. J. Colter, "Autobiographical Summary Furnished by Colter to the Fred Harvey Company," 1952, Fred Harvey Company Collection, Heard Museum, Phoenix, Arizona
64. ^{{cite book |author1=Fred L. Shaw |title=False Architect: The Mary Colter Hoax |date=20 April 2018 |url=https://www.amazon.com/False-Architect-Mary-Colter-Hoax-ebook/dp/B07CJRX2F5/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=false+architect&qid=1554678663&s=gateway&sr=8-1 |accessdate=20 April 2018 |asin=B07CJRX2F5}}
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