| 词条 | Draft:Rosalind Franklin |
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IntroductionDeep in the heart of London, Rosalind Franklin(25 July 1920-16 April 1958) was a chemist and most notably an X-ray crystallographer in the mid 1940s. She created the idea of the modern day double helix design for DNA before it was actually published. Having said that, many still give credit to Watson and Crick even today. It is said that her idea was stolen and revealed after her death. She would unknowingly become one of the most influential female scientists in human history. Her countless hours of work with DNA,x-rays, viruses, and many other things makes her a great candidate for much admiration. She was a pioneer in the field of science for everyone, not just women. Although the story of the Rosalind Franklin often times goes unheard,she should be taught about and admired in science classes of all levels. She was truly a versatile and well-rounded professional. She was way ahead of her time in the researching fields that she participated in. [1]BiographyBorn in London, England in 1920, Rosalind was the second of five children to her parents: Ellis and Muriel Franklin. Early in her life she excelled in all forms of science and it was very clear that she knew where she was going from the beginning. She was also very skilled in language, but unlike a lot of people who were she did not have any skills in music whatsoever. She loved science and she stuck t it. She began Newnham College in 1938 where she majored in chemistry. This was one of the two colleges for women at Cambridge University at the time. She went on to receive her Bachelors in Chemistry in 1941 and would be sponsored to further her education after she gt her degree. Instead of working for the war efforts, Franklin continued on her route to PHD and continued working in laboratories for well known scientists such as: R. G. W. Norrish. In 1945 her friend helped her to get a job where she began her career as an x ray crystallographer. This was after World War Two had ended. Although she originally was set to work on her crystallography, plans changed. She was asked to begin researching DNA instead. More particularly, she was asked to find out its shape. size, and exactly what it is. She would take wet and dry images of DNA and she could not tell if they were the helix shape that we know today, or not. Watson and Crick were also working on this even though they were not taking to Franklin. Her work gave them a big tip and they narrowed down their models and hers and came up with the conclusion of the double helix. They wrote about it in an upcoming scientific program, and in the same issue, Franklin agreed with them and she gave them credit for finding it. All that she did was say that it matched what she had found never realizing that they got it from her. She passed away never knowing the truth that it was her findings that inspired one of the greatest scientific breakthroughs in history. In 1956 she was diagnosed with ovarian cancer. She went back and forth being treated, re-missed, and reinfected for several months before the disease finally got the best of her. She died in London on April 16, 1958. Throughout her lifetime she spoke at many conferences and was nominated for many awards, gaining high praise for all of the work that she had done. Watson and Crick finally "gave credit" to her as Rosy, an ill tempered, hateful woman, in a ,memoir called "Double Helix" they later wrote about their findings and how they were influenced. She is less frequently referred to as a martyr for feminism in the scientific workplace as well. Having said that, others say that this discredits a brilliant scientist and her contributions and she did it because he had a passion for it, not to make a statement of any kind, which is popular belief. [2] Contributions to Science
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