| 词条 | Draft:RTI Evaluation |
| 释义 |
Starting with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab provinces in 2013, all of the jurisdictions in Pakistan except Baluchistan have adopted strong laws giving citizens the right to access information held by public authorities, or the right to information (RTI). It is now five years since this reform process – sometimes referred to as second-generation RTI laws in Pakistan – started and it is time to look into the issue of how well these laws are doing. There is a respected global methodology for assessing how strong these laws are, in the form of the RTI Rating (www.RTI-Rating.org). But, until now, no clear methodology for measuring how well RTI laws are being implemented was available, either in Pakistan or internationally. This Methodology seeks to fill that gap by providing a structured tool for assessing the quality of implementation of an RTI law. The imperative for developing a solid methodology for assessing RTI implementation goes far beyond simply the maturing of the second generation RTI laws in Pakistan. There is a massive need for such a methodology globally as well. While this has been apparent to RTI activists for some time, the issue has been given significant impetus through the adoption of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Indicator 16.10.2, which calls on States to adopt and implement RTI laws. An accepted methodology is needed to assess the extent to which State have complied with this Indicator. This Methodology is based on the following: our observations regarding the current status quo in Pakistan; a study of the main laws of the country; a review of attempts by other actors to develop RTI implementation assessment methodologies, in particular the FOIAnet methodology, Measuring SDG 16.10.2; and extensive consultations with local stakeholders in Pakistan, including from government, from oversight bodies (information commissions), from civil society and from academia. The aim is to conduct one or two pilot assessments under the Methodology and then, based on that experience, to revise it and, finally, to launch it globally. The Methodology has been prepared as part of the Support to Local Governance programme being run by GIZ and specifically falls within the result area State-Citizen Dialogue. This Methodology is divided into three main sections, one with three secondary headings, as follows: 1. General Methodological Issues 2. Central Measures 3. Measures by Individual Public Authorities: a. Institutional Measures b. Proactive Disclosure c. Reactive Disclosure Each of the assessment area sections is divided into two sub-sections, namely assessment tools and substantive issues. The first describes the assessment techniques to be used for that assessment area of the Methodology, while the second describes the specific issues to be assessed. The second part is based on a best practice law, rather than any particular law. Since this Methodology aims to assess implementation of the RTI law, the specific issues to be addressed in each section may need to be adjusted to bring them into line with the actual rules in the RTI law being assessed. The focus of the Methodology is on the supply side, i.e. the performance of public actors such as the government, the oversight body and individual public authorities. We recognise that a fully functioning RTI system also needs strong demand and, in particular, a strong volume of requests for information. However, it is supply side actors who are the obligation bearers under RTI laws. So, an assessment of the implementation of these laws must also focus on supply side actors. ReferencesExternal links
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