| 词条 | Árbol del Tule |
| 释义 |
Dimensions and ageIn 2005, its trunk had a circumference of {{convert|42.0|m|ft|abbr=on}}, equating to a diameter of {{convert|14.05|m|ft|abbr=on}},[2] an increase from a measurement of {{convert|11.42|m|ft|abbr=on}} m in 1982.[3] However, the trunk is heavily buttressed, giving a higher diameter reading than the true cross-sectional of the trunk represents; when this is taken into account, the diameter of the 'smoothed out' trunk is {{convert|9.38|m|ft|abbr=on}}.[2] This is slightly wider than the next most stout tree known, a giant sequoia with a {{convert|8.90|m|ft|abbr=on}} diameter.[4] The height is difficult to measure due to the very broad crown; the 2005 measurement, made by laser, is {{convert|35.4|m|ft|abbr=on}},[2] shorter than previous measurements of {{convert|41|-|43|m|ft|abbr=on}}.[3] It is so large that it was originally thought to be multiple trees, but DNA tests have proven that it is only one tree.[5] This does not rule out another hypothesis, which states that it comprises multiple trunks from a single individual.[6] The age is unknown, with estimates ranging between 1,200 and 3,000 years, and even one claim of 6,000 years;[6][7] the best scientific estimate based on growth rates is 1,433-1,600 years.[8] Local Zapotec legend holds that it was planted about 1,400 years ago by Pecocha, a priest of Ehecatl, the Aztec wind god, in broad agreement with the scientific estimate; its location on a sacred site (later taken over by the Roman Catholic Church) would also support this.[6][7] The tree is occasionally nicknamed the "Tree of Life" from the images of animals that are reputedly visible in the tree's gnarled trunk. As part of an official project local schoolchildren give tourists a tour of the tree and point out shapes of creatures on the trunk, including jaguars and elephants.{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}} Slowly dyingIn 1990, it was reported that the tree is slowly dying because its roots have been damaged by water shortages, pollution, and traffic, with 8,000 cars travelling daily on a nearby highway.[9] References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1594/|title=The Ahuehuete Tree of Santa María del Tule - UNESCO World Heritage Centre|publisher=UNESCO|accessdate=2010-04-18}} 2. ^1 2 {{Gymnosperm Database |family=Cupressaceae |genus=Taxodium |species=mucronatum}} 3. ^1 Mitchell, A. (1983). Trees in Mexico. Int. Dendrol. Soc. Yearbook 1983: 88–95. 4. ^{{Gymnosperm Database |family=Cupressaceae |genus=Sequoiadendron}} 5. ^Dorado, O., Avila, G., Arias, D. M., Ramirez, R., Salinas, D., & Valladares, G. (1996). The arbol del Tule (Taxodium mucronatum Ten.) is a single genetic individual. Madroño 43 (4): 445-452. 6. ^1 2 {{cite journal |url=http://arnoldia.arboretum.harvard.edu/pdf/articles/475.pdf |title=El Arbol del Tule: The Ancient Giant of Oaxaca|first1=Zsolt |last1=Debreczy |first2=István |last2=Rácz |journal=Arnoldia |publisher=Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University |date=Winter 1997–1998 |volume=57 |issue=4 |pages=3–11}} 7. ^1 Pakenham, T. (2002). Remarkable trees of the world. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 8. ^Conzatti, C. (1921). Monograph on the Tree of Santa Maria del Tule, tr. Ralph Summers. Mexico: Imprenta Mundial (cited by Debreczy & Racz 1998). 9. ^https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=wkFLAAAAIBAJ&sjid=gyMNAAAAIBAJ&pg=2095,2315635&dq=%C3%A1rbol+del+tule+pollution&hl=en External links{{Commons|El Árbol del Tule}}
6 : Individual conifers|Mexican folklore|Religious places of the indigenous peoples of North America|Sacred trees|Tourist attractions in Oaxaca|Individual trees in Mexico |
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