| 词条 | Draft:Tune Line |
| 释义 |
| name = Tune Line | ensign = | ensign_size = | native_name = Tunestillingen | partof = Fortifications of Copenhagen | location = Zealand | nearest_town = Tune | country = {{Flagcountry|Denmark}} | image = | alt = | caption = | image2 = | alt2 = | caption2 = | type = Defensive line | coordinates = | gridref = | image_map = none.svg | image_mapsize = 150px | image_map_alt = | image_map_caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_mapsize = | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = | pushpin_relief = | pushpin_image = | pushpin_label = | pushpin_label_position = | pushpin_mark = | pushpin_marksize = | ownership = | operator = | controlledby = | open_to_public = Yes | site_other_label = | site_other = | site_area = | code = | built = 1915−18 | used = | builder = | materials = Earthworks, Concrete | height = | length = {{convert|22|km|mi|abbr=on}} | fate = Abandoned | condition = Ruin | battles = | events = | past_commanders = | garrison = | occupants = | website = {{url|http://www.vestvolden.info/Tunestillingen.htm|Vestvolden.info}} | footnotes = }} The Tune Line ({{lang-da|Tunestillingen}}), named after the town of Tune, was a line of concrete fortifications, obstacles, and weapon installations built by Denmark in the 1915 to deter invasion by Germany and protect the capital of Copenhagen. Constructed on Sjælland, it ran {{convert|22|km|mi|abbr=on}}, from Roskilde Fjord to Køge Bay,{{sfn|Becker-Larsen|1986|p=133}} leading military historian A. N. Hvidt to calling it the "Danevirke of Sjælland".{{sfn|Becker-Larsen|1986|p=35}} Following the war, the Line was abandoned, leaving most of it in ruins. PurposesPlanning and constructionManningMoral{{sfn|Becker-Larsen|1986|p=249}}Mutiny{{sfn|Becker-Larsen|1986|p=254}}OrganizationInventoryArtilleryAnti-tank gunsFeaturesContemporary criticismBuilding errors {{sfn|Becker-Larsen|1986|p=211}} Following an exercise in the summer of 1918, Colonel Lehrmann noted: ‘’The exercises have shown the weakness of the artillery defence in the Tune-line. Though reinforcements are placed along line during the exercise, […] There is an apparent lack of permanent artillery emplacements, furthermore the batteries are outdated and are therefore has a too slow rate of fire, lack sufficient range and has ammunition far inferior to that of the enemy.’’ {{sfn|Becker-Larsen|1986|p=269}} However, the need for a strong defence is made clear by the German plans for a possible invasion of Denmark during the First World War, Fall J. This plan was similar to the plans for Operation Weserübung in 1940. {{sfn|Becker-Larsen|1986|p=271}} The Germans feared a possible English invasion in Jutland, and they would move to attack the Kiel Canal and the German naval station in Kiel. Another fear was an English attack on the Baltic seas through the Great Belt, with superior ships, leading to a landing in Northern Germany. After World War IWorld War IIGerman plansIn the beginning of World War II, there were no plans for the use of the Tune-line. Army forces were instead placed in Southeast Zealand, to counter a possible landing in Faxe bay. The Germans however believed the Danes would use the Line again, stating that the majority of the Danish forces would be on Zealand, and there would be no discernible resistance in Jutland.{{sfn|Becker-Larsen|1986|p=272}} Swedish plansIn the years between 1943-45, the Swedish General Staff began plans for {{ill|Operation Rädda Danmark|de|lt=Operation Rädda Danmark}}. These plans were created out of fear that Denmark would descend into anarchy following the defeat of the Germans. Danish Brigade in exileLanding a force of 11,000 men Cold WarIn the 1950, the line was considered for a part in a war game, See also
NotesReferencesBibliography{{refbegin}}
Further readingExternal links{{commons category|Tunestillingen}}Category:Forts in DenmarkCategory:Government buildings completed in 1918Category:Fortifications of CopenhagenCategory:1913 establishments in DenmarkCategory:World War I defensive linesCategory:Historic defensive linesCategory:20th-century fortifications |
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