“Draft:WindStation”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

WindStation is a wind energy software which uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to conduct wind resource assessments in complex terrain. The physical background and its numerical implementation are described in ^[1] and the official manual of the software

WindStation takes the terrain description in raster format, wind observations and atmospheric stability as input data. Solution is provided for the non-linear fluid dynamics equations, with inclusion of Coriolis effects.

The implemented nesting technique enables the user to run the simulation with measured wind data or mesoscale data.Domain and meshing provide great flexibility, including features such as automatic alignment with free stream direction and nesting.

WindStation can be used to prepare wind resource assessments in complex terrain in order to quantify the feasibility of wind farms.This is achieved by taking into account measured wind data from a measurement mast or reanalysis data as well as terrain and roughness data. It can also be used to evaluate the flow around buildings in urban cities. Additionally, WindStation can be applied for specific analysis on urban climate with air pollution dispersion calculation. Batch run features allow the easy setup and calculation of multiple projects, including climatology for statistical analysis. Postprocessing tools are available for visualisation as well as data export options.

WindStation was originally developed to simulate and predict fire propagation ^[3]^[4]^[5].

The software can be used by wind turbine manufacturers, wind farm developers, consulting firms and wind farm operators.

A free trial version of the software including all features and modules can be requested online ^[6].

Features

Solution method

WindStation solves the momentum (Navier-Stokes) equations, continuity, energy and turbulence equations, using a control volume approach in a terrain-following mesh. The underlying method relies on the SIMPLEC algorithm applied to a collocated grid arrangement. The pressure correction equation is solved using a multigrid method for faster convergence.

Validation and case studies

WindStation has been applied to case studies and validated with actual wind measurements in several studies ^[7]^[8]^[9].

Operation and functionality

Graphical user interface (GUI)

WindStation provides a graphical user interface consisting of a main window visualizing terrain and roughness data as well as turbine and input data positions.

The main simulation details are shown as expandable windows. The menus for changing numerical and boundary conditions as well as input data can be reached over the software menu or small icons.

Compatibility with other software

WindStation provides file formats which can be read by WindPRO, WAsP and ArcGIS.

Language

WindStation is available in English and German. Portuguese, Spanish and French are currently under preparation.

System requirements

See also

References

1. ^{{Cite journal|last=Gameiro Lopes|first=Antonio M.|date=2003|title=WindStation - A software for the simulation of atmospheric flows over complex topography, Environmental Modeling & Software, Vol.18, N.1, pp. 81-86}}
2. ^{{Cite book|last=Gameiro Lopes|first=Antonio M.|date=2018|title=WindStation - Version 1.3.0 - User's manual}}
3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Gameiro Lopes|first=Antonio M.|last2=Sousa|first2=A. C. M.|last3=Viegas|first3=D. X.|date=1995|title=Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Fire Propagation in Complex Terrain, Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A, N. 27, pp. 229-253}}
4. ^{{Cite journal|last= Lopes|first=AMG |last2=LM|first2= Ribeiro |last3=Viegas|first3=D. X.|date=2005|title=Application of Computer Models to the Prediction of Wildland Fire Behaviour and Environmental Impact. Invited Special Session, 3rd Dubrovnik Conference on Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems, Dubrovnik, Croatia}}
5. ^{{Cite journal|last= Lopes|first=AMG |last2= Cruz |first2= MG |last3=Viegas|first3=D. X.|date=2002|title=FireStation - An Integrated Software System for the Numerical Simulation of Wind Field and Fire Spread on Complex Topography. Environmental Modelling & Software, 17(3), 269-285}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://menzio.de/index.php/en/products/windstation-cfd|title=Homepage of menzio GmbH|website=www.menzio.de|language=en|access-date=2018-12-21}}
7. ^{{Cite journal|last= Moore|first=G |last2= Paine |first2= RJ |last3=Lopes|first3=AMG|date=March 2013|title=Practical Uses of the WindStation Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Model in Air Quality Dispersion Studies. Air & Waste Management Association's Specialty Conference Guideline on Air Quality Models: The Path Forward, Raleigh, North Carolina, 19-21 }}
8. ^{{Cite journal|last= Alé|first=JAV |last2= Oliveira |first2= CP |last3=François|first3=DE | last4=Lopes|first4=AMG | date=March 2011|title=Wind Resource of Microregions in South and Northeast of Brazil: An Evaluation of Meteorological Data and Computational Tool. EWEA 2011 - Europe's Premier Wind Energy Event, Bélgica, 14-17}}
9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Gameiro Lopes|first=Antonio M.|last2=Herrera Sánchez|first2=Omar|last3=Sperling|first3=Thomas|last4=Daus|first4=Regina|last5=Braun|first5=Rhea|date=2010-01-01|title=Prediction of the wind field in moderate terrain using the Navier-Stokes solver WindStation}}
10. ^{{Cite journal|last=Lopes Duarte|first=Nuno G.|last2=Gameiro Lopes|first2=Antonio M. |date=2018|title=Teste de modelos de simulação do campo de ventos para aplicações de avaliação do potencial eólico. (Master Thesis, Universiy of Coimbra)}}