词条 | EcoDemonstrator | |||||||||||||||
释义 |
The ecoDemonstrator Program is a flight test research program of aircraft company Boeing, which has used a series of specially modified aircraft to develop and test aviation technologies designed to improve fuel economy and reduce the noise and ecological footprint of airliners. {{As of|December 2015}}, over fifty technologies had been tested under the program.[1] HistoryThe ecoDemonstrator Program followed Boeing's Quiet Technology Demonstrator program, which operated between 2001 and 2005 to develop a quieter engine using chevrons on the rear of the nacelle and exhaust nozzles. These chevrons were later adopted on the 747-8 and 787 Dreamliner aircraft.[1] The ecoDemonstrator Program was formally launched in 2011, in partnership with American Airlines and the FAA. {{As of|December 2015}}, the ecoDemonstrator program has used three aircraft as testbeds. The first, a 737-800 owned by American Airlines, was used in 2012 to test over 15 technologies. The second aircraft, a company-owned 787-8 Dreamliner, was used to test over 25 technologies. In 2015, a 757 was used to test over 15 technologies, in cooperation with NASA and the TUI Group. 2012: Boeing 737Using a Next Generation 737-800, Boeing demonstrated laminar flow technology for winglets, improving fuel efficiency by 1.8 percent. The aircraft tested other technologies, including:[1]
2014: Boeing 787Boeing began testing in mid-2014 using a company-owned 787-8 Dreamliner (variable number ZA004, tail number N7874),[2][3] in partnership with the FAA's Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions and Noise (CLEEN) program, NASA's Environmentally Responsible Aviation (ERA) Project, and commercial partners including Japan Airlines, Delta Air Lines, Rolls-Royce, Honeywell, Rockwell Collins, General Electric, and Panasonic. Tested technologies included:[1]
2015: Boeing 757The third aircraft in the ecoDemonstrator Program, a 757-222 (tail number N757ET)[4] owned by Stifel's aircraft finance division, began flights in March 2015. The aircraft was painted in the livery of the TUI Group, which collaborated on the program. Tested technologies included:[1]
Following the test campaign, the aircraft was demolished, and Boeing reported that 90% of its material was reused or recycled.[1][6] 2016: Embraer E170The fourth aircraft in the ecoDemonstrator Program, in partnership with Embraer, is an E170.[7][8] Tested technologies include:
2018: Boeing 777FIn early 2018, a compact thrust reverser for very-high-bypass ratio engines with large fans will test nacelle weight and drag reduction aboard a Boeing 777F.[15] It will also test a JAXA Doppler LIDAR detector for clear-air turbulence, an experimental precision approach synthetic instrument landing system (SILS) generating ILS-like guidance from SBAS for older aircraft and the ACAS X for NextGen replacement for the TCAS using ADS-B.[9] The program was completed in 2018:[10]
2019-2021In 2019, fly-by-wire control for auto-takeoff and auto-taxiing will be tested on a B787, along with a "smart cabin" with advanced environmental control and power features.[15] By 2021, autonomous operations and hybrid-electric aircraft propulsion will be tested on a small regional airplane, to be developed with Boeing HorizonX ventures arm and JetBlue Airways-backed startup Zunum Aero, based in Kirkland, Washington. The initial 19-passenger design is optimized for a {{cvt|700|nmi|km}} range, increasing to {{cvt|1,000|nmi|km}} by 2030 as electric technology advances. For shorter ranges, batteries alone will suffice, to be swapped or fast charged at airports for fast turnarounds. Targeting 40-80% lower operating costs than current regional airliners and an early 2020s introduction, it would be the first of a 10-50-seat aircraft family.[11] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|last1=Kowal|first1=Jessica|last2=Jensen|first2=Bret|title=Backgrounder: The Boeing ecoDemonstrator Program|url=http://www.boeing.com/resources/.../pdf/Backgrounder_ecoDemonstrator.PDF|publisher=Boeing|accessdate=16 June 2016|date=December 2015}}{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 2. ^{{citation|last1=Uresh|chapter=787 Production and Disposition|url=https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1FH3Y2-vRUgojntPkCSJI5Pd-15rsJ1a0SFCRaT-iqgo/pub|title=All Things 787|chapter-url=http://nyc787.blogspot.com/|accessdate=16 June 2016|chapter-format=Google Docs spreadsheet}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=N7874 Boeing Boeing 787-8 Dreamliner - cn 40693 / 4|url=https://www.planespotters.net/airframe/Boeing/787/40693/N7874-Boeing|website=Planespotters.net|accessdate=16 June 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=N757ET Boeing Boeing 757-222 - cn 24627 / 263|url=https://www.planespotters.net/airframe/Boeing/757/24627/N757ET-Boeing|website=Planespotters.net|accessdate=16 June 2016}} 5. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Barnstorff|first1=Kathy|title=NASA Tests Green Aviation Technology on Boeing ecoDemonstrator|url=http://www.nasa.gov/aero/nasa-tests-green-aviation-technology-on-boeing-ecodemonstrator.html|accessdate=16 June 2016|agency=NASA|date=April 2, 2015}} 6. ^{{cite news|last1=Gates|first1=Dominic|title=Boeing 757 chewed up, smashed for recycling|url=http://www.seattletimes.com/business/boeing-aerospace/757-readied-for-recyling/|accessdate=16 June 2016|work=The Seattle Times|date=September 2, 2015}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-selects-e170-as-next-ecodemonstrator-427105/ |title=Boeing selects E170 as next ecoDemonstrator |author= |date=7 July 2016 |website=FlightGlobal.com |publisher= |access-date=11 July 2016|quote=}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.boeing.com/features/2016/07/embraer-ecodemonstrator-07-16.page |title=Boeing, Embraer Unveil Newest ecoDemonstrator Aircraft |author= |date=7 July 2016 |website=Boeing.com |publisher= |access-date=11 July 2016 |quote=}} 9. ^{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/boeing-begins-777-ecodemonstrator-flight-tests |title= Boeing Begins 777 EcoDemonstrator Flight Tests |date= Mar 13, 2018 |author= Guy Norris |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}} 10. ^{{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/future-aerospace/boeing-speed-ecodemonstrator-effort-after-boost-777f-tests |title= Boeing To Speed Up EcoDemonstrator Effort After Boost From 777F Tests |date= Dec 14, 2018 |author= Guy Norris}} and {{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/future-aerospace/inside-look-boeing-s-777f-ecodemonstrator |title= An Inside Look At Boeing’s 777F EcoDemonstrator |date= Dec 19, 2018 |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology}} 11. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news |url= http://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/next-ecodemonstrator-program-nma-technology |title= Next Up For EcoDemonstrator Program: NMA Technology |date= Jun 9, 2017 |author= Guy Norris |work= Aviation Week & Space Technology }} External links
10 : Aircraft noise reduction|Boeing|Green vehicles|Aviation and the environment|United States experimental aircraft 2010–2019|Research projects|Research and development in the United States|Aerodynamics|2011 establishments|Noise reduction |
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