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词条 Emma Lu Davis
释义

  1. Biography

      Early life and education    Career    Death and legacy  

  2. Selected exhibitions

  3. Selected writings

  4. References

  5. Further reading

  6. External links

{{Short description|American sculptor and painter}}{{Infobox artist
| name = Emma Lu Davis
| image = Emma_Lu_Davis_(1905-1988).jpg
| caption = Emma Lu Davis in 1942
| image_size =
| birth_date = {{birth date |1905|11|26}}
| birth_name =
| birth_place = Indianapolis, Indiana
| death_date = {{death date and age |1988|10|19 |1905|11|26}}
| death_place = San Diego, California
| field = Sculpture, Painting
| known_for = Modern sculpture, Social realism, animal forms
| training = Vassar College
Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts
UCLA
}}

Emma Lu Davis (1905-1988; also spelled Emma Lou Davis) was an American sculptor, painter, and anthropologist.

Biography

Early life and education

She was born in Indianapolis on November 26, 1905.[1] After graduating from Vassar College in 1927,[2] she studied for three years at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts.[3]

Career

After leaving school, Davis spent three years as a freelancer working on a variety of commissions. In 1933 she spent six months studying modern techniques and design under Buckminster Fuller at the Dymaxion factory in Bridgeport, Connecticut.[2] At the factory, she wrote later, she learned "the principles of good workmanship. I think there are a great many 'artists' but awfully few real craftsmen. Use of tools and neat, fast, strong construction are not taught much in art schools." It was there that she learned how to work with wood, and began experimenting with abstract forms.[3] Her figurative sculptures from the 1930s reflect her interest in the naive art of various folk cultures;[4] for example, "Grotesque Bull" (shown), a terra cotta sculpture which was included in Dorothy Miller's "Americans 1942" exhibition at MoMA.[3]

In spring 1935 she traveled to Russia to learn how Russian artists were organized and how socialized patronage affected their work. She concluded that Soviet artists failed to innovate because "the cheap academic traditions have been continued under the name of 'socialist realism'—that is, all the facts and none of the meaning of the subject."[3]

From 1938 to 1941 she was the artist in residence at Reed College in Portland, Oregon. She describes this period as "the most profitable and enjoyable three years of my life."[3] In 1939 she was commissioned by the federal Treasury Section of Fine Arts to paint a mural, "Missouri Livestock," for the post office in La Plata, Missouri.[5] Two years later she collaborated with Henry Kreis on a series of low-relief granite sculptures depicting the benefits of social security for the overdoor panels of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services building in Washington, D.C.[6]

After practicing as a commercial artist for thirty years, Davis decided to retrain as an archaeologist. She completed her Ph.D. at UCLA in 1965, writing her dissertation titled Anasazi Mobility and Mesa Verde Migrations (1964). She worked Science Direction at the San Diego Museum of Man, while continuing her desert studies, focusing on the southern California region of China Lake. Prior to her retirement, she established the Great Basin Foundation, which conducted paleo-environmental research. According to Joseph L. Chartkoff, Davis was "one of the most important figures in bringing scientific rigor and credibility to Paleoindian archaeology in California."[7]

Death and legacy

She died in San Diego on October 19, 1988.[1] Her artwork is included in the collections of the Museum of Modern Art, the Whitney Museum of American Art, and other museums and private collectors.[3]

Selected exhibitions

  • Solo exhibition at the Peiping Institute of Fine Arts, Beiping, China, 1937[3]
  • Boyer Galleries, New York, 1937[3]
  • Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, 1938 and 1939[1]
  • 1939 New York World's Fair[1]
  • Americans 1942: 18 Artists from 9 States, Museum of Modern Art, 1942[3]
  • Recent Acquisitions: The Work of Young Americans, Museum of Modern Art, 1943[8]
  • The Permanent Collection—Women Artists, Whitney Museum of American Art, 1970[9]
  • Painting and Sculpture Changes 2011, Museum of Modern Art, 2011[8]

Selected writings

  • {{cite journal |title=The Mono Craters Petroglyphs, California |journal=American Antiquity |volume=27 |issue=2 |date=1961 |pages=236–239 |jstor=277842}}
  • {{cite journal |title=The Desert Culture of the Western Great Basin: A Lifeway of Seasonal Transhumance |journal=American Antiquity |volume=29 |issue=2 |date=1963 |pages=202–212 |jstor=278490}}
  • {{cite journal |title=Current Ethnic Processes Taking Place in Northern Yakutia |journal=Arctic Anthropology |volume=1 |issue=2 |date=1963 |pages=86–92 |jstor=40315563}}
  • {{cite journal |title=Art is Here to Stay |journal=Science |volume=148 |issue=3673 |date=1965 |page=1042 |jstor=1716838}}
  • {{cite journal |title=Giant Ground Figures of the Prehistoric Deserts |journal=Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society |volume=109 |issue=1 |date=1965 |pages=8–21 |jstor=985774}}
  • {{cite journal |title=Small Pressures and Cultural Drift as Explanations for Abandonment of the San Juan Area, New Mexico and Arizona |journal=American Antiquity |volume=30 |issue=3 |date=1965 |pages=353–355 |jstor=278819}}
  • {{cite journal |title=Man and Water at Pleistocene Lake Mohave |journal=American Antiquity |volume=32 |issue=3 |date=1967 |pages=345–353 |jstor=2694663}}
  • {{cite journal |title=The 'Exposed Archaeology' of China Lake, California |journal=American Antiquity |volume=40 |issue=1 |date=1975 |pages=39–53 |jstor=279267}}

References

1. ^{{cite web |website=AskArt.com |title=Emma Lu Davis |url=http://www.askart.com/artist/Emma_Lu_Davis/104209/Emma_Lu_Davis.aspx}}
2. ^{{cite book |last1=Goode |first1=James M. |title=The Outdoor Sculpture of Washington, D.C.: A Comprehensive Historical Guide |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |date=1974 |isbn=9780874741384 |page=554 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p0-LP-T5PqYC}}
3. ^{{cite book |last1=Miller |first1=Dorothy Canning |authorlink=Dorothy Canning Miller |title=Americans 1942: 18 Artists from 9 States |publisher=Museum of Modern Art |location=New York |date=1942 |chapter=Emma Lu Davis |pages=43–50, 124–125}}
4. ^{{cite book |last1=Fort |first1=Ilene Susan|display-authors=etal|title=The Figure in American Sculpture: A Question of Modernity |publisher=University of Washington Press |date=1995 |isbn=9780295974378 |p=188 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dAhQAAAAMAAJ}}
5. ^{{cite web |website=The Living New Deal |title=Post Office Mural - La Plata, MO |url=https://livingnewdeal.org/projects/post-office-mural-la-plata-mo/}}
6. ^{{cite book |last1=Scott |first1=Pamela|display-authors=etal|title=Buildings of the District of Columbia |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=1993 |isbn=9780195061468 |page=235}}
7. ^{{cite book |last1=Chartkoff |first1=Joseph L. |editor-last1=Gibbon |editor-first1=Guy |editor-last2=Ames |editor-first2=Kenneth M. |title=Archaeology of Prehistoric Native America: An Encyclopedia |publisher=Taylor & Francis |date=1998 |isbn=9780815307259 |pages=198–199 |chapter=Davis, Emma Lou (1905-1988) |chapterurl=https://books.google.com/books?id=_0u2y_SVnmoC&pg=PA198}}
8. ^{{cite web |website=MoMA |title=Emma Lu Davis |url=https://www.moma.org/artists/1405?locale=zh}}
9. ^{{cite news |newspaper=The New York Times |title=Art: Women at the Whitney |date=December 19, 1970 |last1=Glueck |first1=Grace |authorlink=Grace Glueck |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/19/archives/art-women-at-the-whitney.html?_r=0}}

Further reading

  • {{cite book |last1=Blackburn |first1=Thomas C. |title=Woman, Poet, Scientist: Essays in New World Anthropology Honoring Dr. Emma Lou Davis |publisher=Ballena Press |location=Los Altos, CA |date=1985 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mnkhAAAAMAAJ}}

External links

  • [https://www.moma.org/wp/inside_out/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Davis-142_1942_CR.sm_1.jpg?_ga=2.36586848.1960425773.1502992490-2070900357.1502992490 Photo: Emma Lu Davis. Chinese Red Army Soldier. 1936. Walnut. The Museum of Modern Art, New York.]
  • Photo: Emma Lu Davis. Cock. 1932. Painted wood with copper on wood base. Whitney Museum of American Art.
  • [https://livingnewdeal.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/IMG_7464_34481.jpg Photo: Emma Lu Davis. Family Group. Granite. Department of Health and Human Services, formerly Social Security Building. 1939.]
  • [https://livingnewdeal.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/4190-MissouriLivestock.0_archive.jpg Photo: Emma Lu Davis. Missouri Livestock. 1939. Post office, La Plata, MO.]
{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Davis, Emma Lu}}

8 : 1905 births|1988 deaths|American women sculptors|American women painters|American women anthropologists|People from Indianapolis|Vassar College alumni|20th-century women artists

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