| 词条 | Emperor Inside, King Outside |
| 释义 |
Emperor Inside, King Outside (外王內帝) is a system used in East Asia. The ruler claimed emperor domestically, while using title of king when negotiating with China. This rule has applied for Japan and Korea. The title Majesty (陛下) is not allowed to use, while using Highness (殿下) instead. JapanWa King (倭王) was used externally for China. In Tang Dynasty, the title has changed to Japanese King (日本國王).[1] During Nanboku-chō period, the southern Prince Kaneyoshi refused to be called King by China, and killed seven ambassadors from China. However, Muromachi shogun in the South has picked up the title of Japanese King. The Ming emperor recognized Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu as Japanese King, i.e. the real ruler of Japan. The following shogun used the title King of Japan continuously, except Toyotomi Hideyoshi. In Tokugawa shogunate time, Tokugawa Hidetada changed the title of King to Taikun (大君), showing respect to the emperor. Tokugawa Ienobu changed the title back to King, but thereafter Tokugawa Yoshimune switched it back to Taikun. After Emperor Meiji restored the power of emperor, the title Taikun also is given to the Emperor. And King of Japan has never been used as a title externally. KoreaKing of Goryeo (高麗國王) was the name that Korean Ruler used, until Mongol invasions of Korea in 1275. Mongol has a strong intervention so that the title of emperor is not allowed to used even domestically. This situation has not been changed when Joseon was established. In 1897, after China was defeated in the First Sino-Japanese War, Gojong of Korea has declared independence and proclaimed as emperor, as agreed in Treaty of Shimonoseki.[2] Many symbolic items were changed. For example, the old Yeongeunmun was burnt down, marked an end of Chinese rule. Independence Gate was erected at the same place instead. Reference1. ^{{cite book |title=唐丞相曲江張先生文集-敕日本國王書}} 2. ^{{cite book|last=Pratt|first=Keith|title=Everlasting Flower: A History of Korea|year=2007|publisher=Reaktion Books|location=London|isbn=978-1-86189-335-2|pages=188–189}} 3 : China–Japan relations|China–Korea relations|East Asian culture |
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