| 词条 | Empire State Federation of Women's Clubs |
| 释义 |
The Empire State Federation of Women's Clubs (ESFWC) was founded in 1908 and is an umbrella organization for African-American women's groups in New York. The organization worked to help improve the lives of young women and helped care for Harriet Tubman until her death in 1913. The organization was affiliated with the National Association of Colored Women's Clubs,[1] and worked with the NAACP.[2] AboutAlice Wiley Seay founded the Empire State Federation of Women's Clubs (ESFWC) in BrooklynThe organization also saw that Harriet Tubman, who was living in poverty in the Tubman Home, would need continuing donations to support her care in her old age.{{Sfn|Humez|2003|p=113,115}} The ESFWC was sending Tubman $25 a month for expenses, which supplemented the $20 a month she received as a pension.[6] Tubman's expenses came to around $40 a month.[7] The club has continued to honor Tubman's memory in various ways. In 1915, the group created a monument designed by Mrs. Jackson Stewart at Tubman's grave.[8] In 1974, the ESFWC paid tribute to Tubman at their annual convention, and over 300 women attending the convention visited the Tubman home.[9] Notable members
ReferencesCitations1. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10978888/|title=Federation to Convene Next Week|last=|first=|date=27 June 1912|work=The New York Age|access-date=13 May 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|via=Newspapers.com}} 2. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tmHEm5ohoCUC&lpg=PA503&ots=MiC3SZz3y3&dq=%22Empire%20State%20Federation%20of%20Women's%20Clubs%22&pg=PA504#v=onepage&q=%22Empire%20State%20Federation%20of%20Women's%20Clubs%22&f=false|title=The Encyclopedia of New York State|last=|first=|publisher=Syracuse University Press|year=2005|isbn=9780815608080|editor-last=Eisenstadt|editor-first=Peter|location=Syracuse, New York|pages=503-504|chapter=Empire State Federation of Women's Clubs}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://meg.library.albany.edu:8080/archive/view?docId=apap041.xml|title=Empire State Federation of Women's Clubs Records|last=|first=|date=|website=M.E. Grenander Department of Special Collections & Archives|publisher=University of Albany|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=13 May 2017}} 4. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10978278/|title=New Federation of Women's Clubs|last=Lawton|first=M.C.|date=3 September 1909|work=The Bystander|access-date=13 May 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|via=Newspapers.com}} 5. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10975991/|title=Empire Federation Convenes|last=|first=|date=22 July 1909|work=The New York Age|access-date=13 May 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|via=Newspapers.com}} 6. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10978591/|title=Harriet Tubman Needs Federation Money, part 1|last=|first=|date=8 February 1912|work=The New York Age|access-date=13 May 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|via=Newspapers.com}} 7. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/10978805/|title=Harried Tubman Needs Federation Money, part 2|last=|first=|date=9 February 1912|work=The New York Age|access-date=13 May 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|via=Newspapers.com}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.harriettubmanbiography.com/_wsn/page13.html|title=Auburn, New York|last=|first=|date=|website=Harriet Tubman Biography|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080227060032/http://www.harriettubmanbiography.com/_wsn/page13.html|archive-date=27 February 2008|dead-url=|access-date=}} 9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/11018406/|title=Willas Women's Whirl|last=|first=|date=31 August 1974|work=The Pittsburgh Courier|access-date=15 May 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|via=Newspapers.com}} 10. ^[https://www.newspapers.com/clip/8809080/obituary_for_cicely_savery_gunner/ "Hillburn, N. Y."] New York Age (July 24, 1943): 9. via Newspapers.com{{open access}} 11. ^{{cite web|last1=Delaney|first1=Ted|title=Black History Month: Chronicling Lynchburg's roots|url=http://www.newsadvance.com/lifestyles/black-history-month-chronicling-lynchburg-s-roots/article_33e1d984-2b37-5755-b4c2-9cf04e3bfdc2.html|website=The News & Advance|accessdate=8 February 2018}} Sources
External links
5 : 1908 establishments in New York (state)|Women's clubs in the United States|African-American organizations|Women's organizations based in the United States|National Association of Colored Women's Clubs |
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