词条 | Enamel microabrasion |
释义 |
Enamel microabrasion is a procedure in cosmetic dentistry used to improve the appearance of the teeth. Like tooth whitening it is used to remove discolorations of the tooth surface but microabrasion is a mechanical, rather than chemical, procedure. HistoryIn the past, teeth with stains or other color changes were made to look better through the use of restorative materials, such as dental porcelain. These materials would create a thin veneer over the outer surface of the tooth. Although veneers looked better, these materials did not match the structure or characteristics of the tooth enamel and replacement was frequently needed. As far back as 1916, some researchers were advocating instead removing a thin layer of the outermost enamel to expose the (presumably) undamaged layer underneath.[1] The first practical application of enamel microabrasion was developed by Theodore Croll and Richard Cavanaugh in 1986, who used a combination of weak hydrochloric acid and pumice to remove a few tenths of millimeters of the enamel.[2][3] DescriptionContemporary enamel microabrasion uses a combination of mechanical and chemical means to remove of a small amount of tooth enamel (not more than a few tenths of a millimeter) to eliminate superficial discoloration.[4] These discolorations can result from either from extrinsic factors (such as tobacco, dental plaque, certain foods, etc.) or intrinsic ones (most commonly dental fluorosis). Indications
Contraindications
ConsequencesPatients can benefit from combined microabrasion/ bleaching techniques as microabrasion causes reduction in the enamel surface and sometimes the tooth surface appear yellowish or darker due to exposure of dentin surface and thinning of enamel layer over it.In this condition, correction of this yellow color can be achieved by using tooth whitening technique to mask the color.[10] Fragoso, et al. (2011) found that applying fluoride paste on enamel surface after microabrasion process provides higher hardness & more enamel smoothness.[11] in addition, Segura et al found that the treated enamel surface become more resistant to demineralisation than untreated enamel and less colonisation of bacteria occur.[12]References1. ^{{Cite journal|last=McCloskey RJ|first=|date=1984|title=A technique for removal of fluorosis stains.|url=|journal=J Am Dent Assoc|volume=109:63-64.|pages=|via=}} 2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Croll|first1=TP|last2=Cavanaugh|first2=RR|title=Enamel color modification by controlled hydrochloric acid-pumice abrasion. I. technique and examples|journal=Quintessence Int.|date=Feb 1986| volume=17|issue=2|pages=81–7|pmid=3457401}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Croll|first1=TP|last2=Cavanaugh|first2=RR|title=Enamel color modification by controlled hydrochloric acid-pumice abrasion. II. Further examples.|journal=Quintessence Int.|date=Mar 1986|volume=17|issue=3|pages=157–64|pmid=3458266}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=PRĒMA Enamel Microabrasion Compound|url=http://www.premusa.com/product/cosmetic-whitening/prema/|website=Premier Dental|publisher=Premier Dental|accessdate=15 June 2017}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=Celik EU, Yildiz G, Yazkan B.|first=|date=2013|title=clinical evaluation of enamel microabrasion for the aesthetic management of mild-to-severe dental fluorosis.|pmid=24320061|journal=J Esthet Restor Dent|volume=|pages=}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Killian CM, Croll TP|first=|date=1990|title=Enamel microabrasion to improve enamel surface texture|url=|journal=J Esthet Dent|volume=2:125-128.|pages=|via=}} 7. ^{{Cite journal|last=Croll TP|first=|date=1990|title=Enamel microabrasion for removal of superficial dysmineralization and decalcification defects|url=|journal=J Am Dent Assoc|volume=|pages=|via=}} 8. ^{{Cite journal|last=Sundfeld RH1, Rahal V, de Alexandre RS, Briso AL, Sundfeld Neto D.|first=|date=2011|title=Smile restoration through use of enamel microabrasion associated with tooth bleaching|pmid=23738859|journal=Compend Contin Educ Dent|volume=|pages=}} 9. ^{{Cite journal|last=Sundfeld RH, Croll TP, Briso AL, Alexandre RS, Sundfeld D.|first=|date=2007|title=Considerations about enamel microabrasion after 18 years|pmid=17542197|journal=Am J Dent|volume=|pages=}} 10. ^{{Cite journal|last=Sundfeld RH1, Rahal V, de Alexandre RS, Briso AL, Sundfeld Neto D.|first=|date=2011|title=Smile restoration through use of enamel microabrasion associated with tooth bleaching|pmid=23738859|journal=Compend Contin Educ Dent|volume=|pages=}} 11. ^{{Cite journal|last=Fragoso LS, Lima DA, Alexandre RS, Bertoldo CE, Aguiar FH, Lovadino JR.|first=|date=2011|title=Evaluation of physical properties of enamel after microabrasion, polishing, and storage in artificial saliva.|pmid=21487176|journal=Biomed Mater.|volume=|pages=}} 12. ^{{Cite journal|last=Segura A, Donly KJ, Wefel JS, Drake D.|first=|date=1997|title=Effect of enamel microabrasion on bacterial colonization|pmid=9590914|journal=Am J Dent.|volume=|pages=}} 1 : Dentistry |
随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。