| 词条 | Entrenchment (fortification) |
| 释义 |
In fortification, the term entrenchment ({{lang-it|trincieramento}}, {{lang-mt|trunċiera}}) can refer to either a secondary line of defence within a larger fortification (better known as a retrenchment), or an enceinte designed to provide cover for infantry, having a layout similar to a city wall but on a smaller scale. The latter usually consisted of curtain walls and bastions or redans, and was sometimes also protected by a ditch.[1] In the 18th century, the Knights Hospitaller built a number of coastal and inland entrenchments as part of the fortifications of Malta.[2] Further entrenchments were built in Malta by insurgents during the blockade of 1798–1800, in order to prevent the French from launching a counterattack.[3] List{{main|List of entrenchments in Malta}}References{{commons category|Entrenchments}}1. ^{{cite journal|last1=Spiteri|first1=Stephen C.|title=Illustrated Glossary of Terms used in Military Architecture|journal=ARX Supplement|page=641|url=http://www.militaryarchitecture.com/index.php/Journals/illustrated-glossary-of-military-architecture-terms.html|date=2010|publisher=MilitaryArchitecture.com|accessdate=30 December 2015}} {{fort-stub}}{{Fortifications}}2. ^{{cite web|last1=Debono|first1=Charles|title=Coastal Entrenchments|url=http://www.mellieha.com/places_interest/fortifications/coastal_entre.htm|website=Mellieha.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121218010803/http://www.mellieha.com/places_interest/fortifications/coastal_entre.htm|archivedate=28 December 2012}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Spiteri|first1=Stephen C.|title=Maltese ‘siege’ batteries of the blockade 1798-1800|journal=Arx - Online Journal of Military Architecture and Fortification|date=May 2008|issue=6|pages=4–47|url=http://www.militaryarchitecture.com/images/stories/Arx/arx6-2008.pdf|accessdate=30 December 2015}} 2 : Fortification (obstacles)|Fortification (architectural elements) |
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