| 词条 | Eugenie Goldstern |
| 释义 |
| name = Eugenie Goldstern | image = Eugenie Goldstern.jpg | alt = Photograph of Eugenie Goldstern | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1884|05|01}} | birth_place = Odessa, Russian Empire | death_date = {{Death date and age|1941|06|14|1884|05|01}} | death_place = Sobibór extermination camp, Poland | nationality = Austrian | other_names = | occupation = Ethnographer | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = }} Eugenie Goldstern (1884-1942) was an Austrian anthropologist who conducted research on Alpine folk culture in Switzerland. BiographyEugenie Goldstern was born in Odessa in 1884 to Jewish parents, the youngest of 14 children.[1] In 1905, she relocated to Austria and, five years later, began to study anthropology at the University of Vienna. There, she studied under Michael Haberlandt, at the time a leading figure in the study and collection of folk art. Haberlandt and his son, Arthur Haberlandt, would go on to become supporters of the Third Reich and sever their ties with Jewish colleagues.[2] Goldstern's research interests centered on the culture of the Western Alps. Focusing on the commune of Bessans, Goldstern created one of the first-ever ethnographic monographs about a community, writing about life and economy in a European mountain village.[3] Her research began in 1912, and she spent the winter of 1913-1914 living in the community.[4] While in Switzerland, she was supported by the ethnographer Arnold van Gennep. Her investigations markedly departed from typical scholarly opinion at the time, the latter portraying the culture of the Alps as idealized and unchanging.[4][5] Of particular focus in her studies were small, handmade toy objects. Her first and last articles published in the Viennese journal of ethnography Wiener Zeitschrift für Volkskunde focused on toys.[6] She donated many items she collected in the course of her work to the Museum of Ethnology, Vienna.[7] The outbreak of World War I disrupted Goldstern's research.[1] After continuing her studies at the University of Neuchatel, she completed her PhD at the University of Fribourg in 1920, under the direction of professor Paul Girardin. As a woman in a male-dominated field and in the increasingly antisemitic climate of Austria, Goldstern struggled to find a permanent position in her field.[1] By the end of the 1920s, Goldstern stopped publishing and withdrew from her field research. In 1937, Goldstern's work, along with that of von Gennep, was featured in a display about Savoie at the Exposition Internationale in Paris.[8] However, with the takeover of Austria by Nazi Germany in 1938, Jewish people were officially excluded from public life and subjected to antisemitic racial laws. Many of her family members fled Vienna, but Goldstern remained in the city. On June 14, 1942, Goldstern was deported to the Sobibór extermination camp in Poland, where she was killed.[3] Posthumous exhibitionsIn 2004-2005, the Vienna Museum of Ethnology displayed Goldstern's collection of Swiss folk art objects in an exhibition titled "Ur-Ethnographie."[9] The Musée dauphinois and the Musée savoisien held an exhibition about her and her work in 2007.[10] Publications
Further reading
References1. ^1 2 {{cite book |last1=Nöbauer |first1=Herta |editor1-last=Hertzog |editor1-first=Esther |title=Life, Death and Sacrifice. Women and Family in the Holocaust |date=2008 |publisher=Gefen Publishing House |pages=129-159 |url=https://www.academia.edu/872751/Racialised_Gender_Gendered_Race_and_Gendered-Racialised_Academia_Female-Jewish_Anthropologists_in_Vienna |accessdate=17 March 2019 |chapter=Racialised Gender, Gendered Race and Gendered-Racialised Academia: Female-Jewish Anthropologists in Vienna}} {{Authority control}}2. ^{{cite book |last1=Dow |first1=James R. |title=The Study of European Ethnology in Austria. |date=2017 |publisher=Taylor and Francis |isbn=1351881450}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Ottenbacher |first1=Albert |title=Biographien - Eugenie Goldstern (1884 - 1942) |url=http://www.doew.at/erinnern/biographien/spurensuche/alle-biographischen-skizzen/eugenie-goldstern-1884-1942 |website=Documentation Center of Austrian Resistance (DÖW) |accessdate=18 March 2019}} 4. ^{{cite web |last1=Engel |first1=Karen |title=Should a Jewish Girl Wear a Dirndl? (And Other Questions About Jews And Tracht) |url=https://www.lilith.org/articles/should-a-jewish-girl-wear-a-dirndl-and-other-questions-about-jews-and-tracht/ |website=Lilith Magazine |accessdate=18 March 2019 |date=Winter 2013-2014}} 5. ^{{cite book |last1=Paver |first1=Chloe |title=Exhibiting the Nazi past: museum objects between the material and the immaterial |date=2018 |publisher=Springer |isbn=3319770845}} 6. ^{{cite journal |last1=Le Bouar |first1=Françoise |title=Collecter ou collectionner des jouets par de sombres temps : Eugénie Goldstern et Walter Benjamin |journal=Strenæ |date=2015 |volume=8 |url=http://journals.openedition.org/strenae/1412 |accessdate=20 March 2019}} 7. ^1 {{cite web |last1=Hochadel |first1=Oliver |title=The Elementary in Culture |url=http://www.jewishnews.at/jewish-news-from-austria-2004/2013/11/18/december-2004 |website=Jewish News From Austria |publisher=Die Presse |accessdate=18 March 2019 |date=2004}} 8. ^{{cite journal |last1=Luquet |first1=Jean |title=L’action culturelle est-elle l’avenir des archives ? |journal=La gazette des archives |date=2012 |issue=226 |pages=278 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/gazar_0016-5522_2012_num_226_2_4921 |accessdate=25 March 2019}} 9. ^{{cite web |title=UR-ETHNOGRAPHIE Auf der Suche nach dem Elementaren in der Kultur |url=https://www.volkskundemuseum.at/ur-ethnographie |website=Volkskundemuseum Wien |accessdate=20 March 2019}} 10. ^{{cite journal |title=Eugénie Goldstern |journal=LE JOURNAL DES EXPOSITIONS |date=November 2007 |volume=12 |url=http://www.musee-dauphinois.fr/1026-le-journal-archives.htm |publisher=Musée dauphinois}} 6 : 1884 births|1942 deaths|Austrian ethnographers|Austrian Jewish people who died in the Holocaust|Austrian people who died in Sobibór extermination camp|Folklorists |
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