| 词条 | Eva de Vitray-Meyerovitch |
| 释义 |
| name = Eva de Vitray-Meyerovitch | image = Eva de Vitray-Meyerovitch.jpg | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1909|11|05|df=y}} | birth_place = Boulogne-Billancourt, Paris, France | death_date = {{Death date and age|1999|07|24|1909|11|05|df=y}} | death_place = 5th arrondissement of Paris, France | nationality = French | other_names = | occupation = Islamologist | known_for = }} Eva de Vitray-Meyerovitch (5 November 1909 – 24 July 1999) was a French doctor of Islamology, researcher at the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), where she directed human sciences, translator and writer, who published a total of forty books and numerous articles. She was a disciple of the Sufi master Hamza al Qadiri al Boutchichi. LifeEva Lamacque de Vitray was born on 5 November 1909 in Boulogne-Billancourt, in an rich part of the Parisian suburb. She came from a privileged social background.{{sfn|Leftah|1999}} She was educated in Catholic schools and then studied for a law degree.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} She began a doctorate in philosophy with the subject "Symbolism in Plato".{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=17}} At the age of 22 Eva married Lazare Meyerovitch, of Jewish Latvian origins.{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=17}} She became an administrator in the laboratory of Frédéric Joliot-Curie.{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=18}} During World War II (1939–45) she escaped from Paris with Joliot-Curie in 1940 during the German occupation and retired to the Corrèze department during the war.{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=21}} Her husband was part of the Free French Forces.{{sfn|Lazare Meyerovitch – Les Français Libres}} After the Liberation of France she joined the CNRS where she soon became director of the "Humanities" department.{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=25}} She also earned an income from translations.{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=27}} She met Louis Massignon, with whom she would remain closely linked and who supported her after the sudden death of her husband in the early 1950s.{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=158}} Eva discovered Islam through the book by the thinker and poet Muhammad Iqbal: Reconstruire la pensée religieuse de l'islam (Rebuilding the religious thought of Islam).{{sfn|Eva par elle-même – Soufisme}} After three years of Christian exegesis at the Sorbonne, she chose to become a Muslim.{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=39}} She was very interested in the work of the Persian poet Jalâl ud Dîn Rûmî (1207–1273) who raised her awareness of the mystical aspect of Islam, Sufism.{{sfn|Eva de Vitray-Meyerovitch – Hommes & faits}} Subsequently, she embarked on learning Persian.{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=53}} Soon afterwards she published her first translations of Muhammad Iqbal and Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Rūmī. In 1968 Eva defended her doctoral dissertation at the University of Paris on Mystical Themes in the Work of Jalal Ud Dîn Rûmî.{{sfn|Tahrali|1999}} From 1969 to 1973 she taught in Cairo at Al-Azhar University.{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=26}} In 1971 she made the pilgrimage to Mecca and also visited Medina.{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=166}} From 1972 until her death she regularly published annotated translations of Rûmi's writings as well as works she wrote herself on Islam, Sufism and whirling dervishes. In 1990 she published her translation of Rûmi's Masnavi, a colossal work of 50,000 verses in 1,700 pages, translated for the first time into French.[1] In parallel to her intellectual career, Eva pursued a personal quest that led her to meet many personalities involved in Sufism such as Amadou Hampâté Ba,{{sfn|Vitray-Meyerovitch|Cartier|Cartier|1995|p=17}} Najm Oud Din Bammate,{{sfn|Caron|Galindo|2005}} Cheikh Bentounès{{sfn|Bentounes|2010}} and Faouzi Skali.{{sfn|Skali|2001}} It was through the latter that in Morocco in 1985 she met a living Sufi spiritual guide, Hamza al Qadiri al Boutchichi, whose teaching she would follow until her death.{{sfn|Skali|2005|p=15}} She was also very active as a speaker in France and abroad to impart her knowledge of Jalâl ud Dîn Rûmî, Islam and Sufism. She recorded several programs for France Culture and for television.{{sfn|Caron|Galindo|2005}} In 1998, during her last conference in Turkey, she expressed the wish to be buried in Konya.{{sfn|Hamimaz|Girotto|2009}} Eva de Vitray-Meyerovitch died on 24 July 1999 in her apartment on rue Claude-Bernard in Paris.{{sfn|Les trépas 1999}}{{sfn|Caron|Galindo|2005}} She was buried in a very private ceremony in Thiais, in the Paris region. From 2003 steps were taken to transfer her remains to Konya, which was done in 2008. On 17 November 2008, an official ceremony accompanied the burial of the coffin of Eva Vitray-Meyerovitch in Konya.{{sfn|Revue de la presse turque 8 November 2008}} Her grave is opposite the mausoleum of Jalal ud Din Rumi.{{sfn|In the shadow of Hz. Mevlana 2008}} PublicationsAs author{{refbegin}}
Translations from Persian{{refbegin}}
|publisher=Sindbad |year=1975}} Republished in 1982 and 1997, Albin Michel, coll. Spiritualités vivantes. Also translated in Italian and Spanish.
|publisher=Albin Michel |year=1993}} republished in 2003, Albin Michel, coll. Spiritualités vivantes.
Translations from English{{refbegin}}
|publisher=Adrien-Maisonneuve|year=1955}} [Reprinted in 1996 by du Rocher / UNESCO]
|author=R. Rees |publisher=Buchet-Chastel|year=1968}}{{refend}} Notes{{notes}}1. ^Presentation of the publisher of the book. Sources{{refbegin}}
|last=Bentounes |first=Cheikh Khaled |date=10 December 2010|publisher=AISA Suisse |url=http://www.aisa-suisse.ch/actualites/items/hommage-a-eva-de-vitray-meyerovitch.html|accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|last1=Caron |last2=Galindo |first1=Eva |first2=Marie-Hélène|year=2005 |url=http://www.soufisme.org/site/article.php3?id_article%3D23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061124071222/http://www.soufisme.org/site/article.php3?id_article=23 |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2006-11-24 |accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|title=Eva de Vitray-Meyerovitch|work=Hommes & faits |date=14 March 2006 |url=http://www.hommes-et-faits.com/Dial/spip.php?article36|accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|title=Eva par elle-même|date=21 January 2002|work=Soufisme |url=http://www.soufisme.org/2.0/personnalites/evadevitray/eva-par-elle-meme/|accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|last1=Hamimaz |last2=Girotto |first1=Rachid |first2=Jean-Louis |url=http://www.soufisme.org/2.0/personnalites/evadevitray/le-dernier-voyage-deva-a-konya/|accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|title=In the shadow of Hz. Mevlana|date=18 December 2008|work=Semazen.net |url=http://www.semazen.net/eng/news_detail.php?id=559|accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|title=Lazare Meyerovitch|work=Les Français Libres |url=http://www.francaislibres.net/liste/fiche.php?index=85304|accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|last=Leftah |first=Mohamed |journal=Le Temps du Maroc|date=20-26 August 1999|issue=199 |url=http://www.tariqa.org/rp/eva_de_vitray.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100915150333/http://www.tariqa.org/rp/eva_de_vitray.php |dead-url=yes|archive-date=September 15, 2010|accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|title=Les trépas 1999|work=Histoires litteraires|year=2000 |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705044542/http://www.histoires-litteraires.org/desfins1999.htm|accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|title=Revue de la presse turque |date=8 November 2008|work=TRT-World Français|publisher=Turkish Radio – Television Corporation |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705044545/http://www.trt.net.tr/international/newsDetail.aspx?HaberKodu%3Ddfc6b791-c1a6-4831-afb8-81c127777270}}
|last=Skali|first=Faouzi|work=Soufisme |url=http://www.soufisme.org/2.0/personnalites/evadevitray/eva-ou-la-rencontre-des-deux-rives/|accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|last=Skali |first=Faouzi|publisher=Albin Michel Littérature|ISBN=978-2226154378}}
|last=Tahrali|first=Mustafa|year=1999 |url=http://www.ibnarabisociety.org/articles/ottomanera.html|accessdate=2017-11-24}}
|last=Vitray-Meyerovitch |first=Eva de|first2=Rachel |last2=Cartier |first3=Jean-Pierre|last3=Cartier |title=Islam, l'autre visage : Entretiens avec Rachel et Jean-Pierre Cartier|publisher=Albin Michel}}{{refend}} External links{{refbegin}}
|title=Bibliographie française de la littérature persane | date=Autumn 2014 | publisher= Sokhangostar |language=fr}}{{refend}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Vitray-Meyerovitch, Eva de}} 11 : 1909 births|1999 deaths|French Sufis|French Islamologists|Converts to Islam from Christianity|French translators|English–French translators|Arabic–French translators|Translators from Persian|Translators to French|20th-century translators |
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