| 词条 | 1820 Settlers National Monument |
| 释义 |
| monument_name = 1820 Settlers Monument | native_name = | image = 1820 Settlers National Monument.jpg | caption = | location = Grahamstown, Eastern Cape, South Africa | designer = | type = | material = | length = | width = | height = | begin = | complete = | open = 1974-07-13 | dedicated_to = 1820 Settlers | map_width = | coordinates = {{coord|33.31945|S|26.51933|E|region:ZA-EC_type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | extra={{Location map | South Africa | long = 26.51933 | lat = -33.31945 | caption = }} }} The 1820 Settlers National Monument,[1] which honours the contribution to South African society made by the British 1820 Settlers, overlooks[2] Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape. A living monument, it commemorates the English language[3] as much as the Settlers themselves. The building was designed by John Sturrock,[4] Sturrock was inspired by the work of Louis Kahn.[5] National Arts FestivalThe Monument is closely linked with the National Arts Festival, often known simply as the Grahamstown Festival. Ever since the monument's opening on 13 July 1974, the festival has been held there every year, except for in 1975. Virtually all possible venues in Grahamstown are used during the festival, but the Monument is the anchor of the event and the biggest venue too. The main theatre in the monument complex is named after Guy Butler. Fire in 1994The monument was devastated by a fire in 1994[6] and rebuilt[7] and was officially re-dedicated by Nelson Mandela in May 1996. See also{{Portal|South Africa}}
Notes1. ^{{cite book|author=Hester Maria Johanna Du Preez|title=Museums of the Cape: a guide to the province-aided museums of the Cape|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wwgEAAAAYAAJ|accessdate=17 September 2013|year=1982|publisher=Dept. of Nature Environmental Conservation of the Provincial Administration of the Cape of Good Hope|pages=18–22}} 2. ^{{cite book|title=South Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rXN6xJjPlrwC&pg=PA378|accessdate=17 September 2013|year=2002|publisher=Rough Guides|isbn=978-1-85828-853-6|pages=378–}} 3. ^{{cite book|author1=Erik Doxtader|author2=Charles Villa-Vicencio|title=To Repair the Irreparable: Reparation and Reconstruction in South Africa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dEHHE9Jf1DYC&pg=PA361|year=2004|publisher=New Africa Books and the Institute for Justice and Reconciliation (South Africa)|isbn=978-0-86486-618-9|pages=361–}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.artefacts.co.za/main/Buildings/archframes.php?archid=1660|title=STURROCK, Frederick Lamond (Jock)|accessdate=2014-07-14|publisher=Artefacts|author=MARTINSON, William Andrew|work=Southern African Built Environment}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.foundation.org.za/index.php?pid=23|title=A memorial with a purpose|accessdate=2014-07-14|publisher=The Grahamstown Foundation}} 6. ^{{cite book|ref={{sfnref|South African Parliament |1994|p=154}}|author=South African Parliament |title=Debates of the Senate (Hansard)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=15JCAQAAIAAJ|year=1994|publisher=Government Printer}} 7. ^{{cite book|ref=harv|last=Williams|first=Lizzie |title=South Africa Dream Trip|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9FL9AgAAQBAJ&pg=PA182|year=2013|publisher=Footprint Travel Guides|isbn=978-1-907263-69-9}} References{{refbegin}}
External links
4 : Buildings and structures completed in 1974|Monuments and memorials in South Africa|Buildings and structures in Grahamstown|British-South African culture |
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