| 释义 |
- References
Explosive antimony is an allotrope of the chemical element antimony that is so sensitive to shocks that it explodes when scratched or subjected to sudden heating.[1][2][3][4][5][6] The allotrope was first described in 1855.[7]Chemists form the allotrope through electrolysis of a concentrated solution of antimony trichloride in hydrochloric acid, which forms an amorphous glass.[1][2][3][4] This glass contains significant amounts of halogen impurity at its boundaries. When it explodes the allotrope releases {{convert|24|cal|J}} of energy per gram.[13] White fumes of antimony trichloride are produced and the elemental antimony reverts to its metallic form. References1. ^1 {{cite news | title = On the explosive semiconductor-semimetal transition of antimony| publisher = Physica Status Solidi| author = F. M. Aymerich, A. Delunas| date = 1975-09-16| page = | location = | isbn = | quote = The energy released by this transition, is measured to be 24 cal per gram of amorphous Sb and is shown to be related to a variation of the mass density and of the conductivity behaviour of Sb going from one configuration to the other. A simple theoretical model is outlined which quite satisfactory gives the gross features of the free-energy diagram of the above transition, although more deep investigation is needed to account for the energy balance of it.| doi = 10.1002/pssa.2210310118}}
2. ^1 {{cite news | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_iQDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA31 | title = Suspended changes in Nature| publisher = Popular Science| author = James H. Walton Jr.| date = July 1913| page = 31| location = | isbn = | accessdate = 2016-11-21| quote = We are indebted to the investigations of Professor Cohen for a more striking example of a metastable metal, that of the " explosive " antimony. By passing an electric current through a solution of antimony chloride this metal may be deposited in the form of a thick metallic coating.}}
3. ^1 {{cite news | jstor = 2935608| title = Studies on Explosive Antimony. I. The Microscopy of Polished Surfaces| publisher = Proceedings of the Royal Society of London| author = C.C. Coffin, Stuart Johnston| date = 1934-10-01| page = | location = | isbn = | accessdate = 2016-11-21| quote = }}
4. ^1 {{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/?id=vKBqqiCTB7MC&pg=PA224&dq=%22Explosive+antimony%22#v=onepage&q=%22Explosive%20antimony%22&f=false| title = Chemical Risk Analysis: A Practical Handbook| publisher = Butterworth-Heinemann| author = Bernard Martel| date = 2004| page = | isbn = 9780080529042| accessdate = 2016-11-21| quote = }}
5. ^1 2 {{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/?id=g8P-NwAACAAJ&dq=%22Explosive+antimony%22| title = Studies on Explosive Antimony and Antimony Tetrachloride Solutions| publisher = Dalhousie University| author = Allan C. Topp| date = 1939 | page = | isbn = | accessdate = 2016-11-21| quote = }}
6. ^1 2 {{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/?id=vVhpurkfeN4C&pg=PA50&dq=%22Explosive+antimony%22#v=onepage&q=%22Explosive%20antimony%22&f=false| title = Chemistry of Arsenic, Antimony and Bismuth| publisher = Springer Science & Business Media| author = N.C. Norman| date = 1997| page = 50| isbn = 9780751403893| accessdate = 2016-11-21| quote = Another possible allotrope, known as explosive antimony, has been reported which is produced by electrolysis of antimony chloride, iodide or bromide and is believed to be in a strained amorphous state.}}
7. ^1 2 {{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/?id=Mtth5g59dEIC&pg=PA758&dq=%22Explosive+antimony%22#v=onepage&q=%22Explosive%20antimony%22&f=false| title = Inorganic Chemistry| publisher = Academic Press| author = Egon Wiberg, Nils Wiberg| date = 2001| page = 758| isbn = 9780123526519| accessdate = 2016-11-21| quote = }}
8. ^1 2 {{cite book| url = https://books.google.com/?id=R0rmCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA406&dq=%22Explosive+antimony%22#v=onepage&q=%22Explosive%20antimony%22&f=false| title = Semiconductors: Data Handbook| publisher = Springer Science & Business Media| author = Otfried Madelung| date = 2012| page = 408| isbn = 9783642188657| accessdate = 2016-11-21| quote = Explosive Antimony is only metastable and transforms into metallic antimony during mechanical stress and heating. Explosive Antimony is probably not an allotropic form, but a mixed polymer.}}
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