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词条 Ezekiel 8
释义

  1. Text

  2. Textual versions

  3. Verse 1

  4. Verse 5

  5. Verse 11

  6. Verse 14

  7. Verse 16

  8. See also

  9. Notes and references

  10. Bibliography

  11. External links

     Jewish  Christian 
{{Bible chapter|letname= Ezekiel 8 |previouslink= Ezekiel 7 |previousletter= chapter 7 |nextlink= Ezekiel 9 |nextletter= chapter 9 |book=Book of Ezekiel |biblepart=Old Testament | booknum= 26 |hbiblepart= Nevi'im | hbooknum = 7 |category= Latter Prophets | filename= Book of Ezekiel.jpg |size=242px | name= MS. Bodl. Or. 62, fol. 59a., Ezekiel 30:13–18. |caption=
Book of Ezekiel 30:13–18 in an English manuscript from the early 13th century, MS. Bodl. Or. 62, fol. 59a. A Latin translation appears in the margins with further interlineations above the Hebrew.
}}Ezekiel 8 is the eighth chapter of the Book of Ezekiel in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies spoken by the prophet Ezekiel, and is one of the Books of the Prophets.[1]

Text

The original text is written in Hebrew language. This chapter is divided into 18 verses.

Textual versions

Some ancient witnesses for the text of this chapter in Hebrew are of the Masoretic Text, which includes the Codex Cairensis (895), the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets (916), Aleppo Codex (10th century), Codex Leningradensis (1008).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=35-37}}

There is also a translation into Koine Greek known as the Septuagint, made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of the Septuagint version include Codex Vaticanus (B; B; 4th century), Codex Sinaiticus (S; BHK: S; 4th century), Codex Alexandrinus (A; A; 5th century) and Codex Marchalianus (Q; Q; 6th century).{{sfn|Würthwein|1995|pp=73-74}}

Verse 1

And it came to pass in the sixth year, in the sixth month, on the fifth day of the month,

as I sat in my house with the elders of Judah sitting before me,

that the hand of the Lord God fell upon me there.[2]

  • "In the sixth year, in the sixth month, on the fifth day of the month": According to the New Oxford Annotated Bible,[3] this day falls on September 17, 592 BCE, which is also the result of analysis by Bernhard Lang.[4]

Verse 5

Then He said to me, “Son of man, lift your eyes now toward the north.”

So I lifted my eyes toward the north,

and there, north of the altar gate,

was this image of jealousy in the entrance.[5]

  • "Son of man" (Hebrew: בן־אדם {{Strong-number|ḇen|H|01121}}-{{Strong-number|’ā-ḏām|H|00120}}): this phrase is used 93 times to address Ezekiel.{{sfn|Bromiley|1995|p=574}}
  • "Image of jealousy" (Hebrew: סֵמֶל הַקִּנְאָה {{Strong-number|sê-mel|H|05566}} ha-{{Strong-number|qin-’āh|H|07068}}): statue that rouses God's jealousy; image provoking to anger of God against men ({{bibleref2|Ezekiel|8:3|KJV}})[6][7]

Verse 11

And there stood before them seventy men of the elders of the house of Israel,

and in their midst stood Jaazaniah the son of Shaphan.

Each man had a censer in his hand,

and a thick cloud of incense went up.[8]

  • "Jaazaniah" (Hebrew: יאזניהו {{Strong-number|ya-’ă-zan-yā-hū|H|02970}}; "whom Jehovah hears"[9]): the son of Shaphan. If he is indeed the son of Shaphan, the secretary of King Josiah ({{bibleref2|2 Kings|22}}), then he has not followed his father's ways.{{sfn|Joyce|2009|p=99}}

Verse 14

So He brought me to the door of the north gate of the Lord’s house;

and to my dismay,

women were sitting there weeping for Tammuz. (NKJV)[10]

  • "Weeping for Tammuz": an "ancient ritual of Sumerian origin,"{{sfn|Clements|1996|p=38}} "counterpart of Sumerian Dumuzi, the fertility-god associated with shepherding and vegetation".{{sfn|Bromiley|1995|p=86}} The weeping is to commemorate the death of seasonal fertility, and the cult stresses for the mourning aspect of it.{{sfn|Bromiley|1995|p=87}} The Phoenicians called it "Adon" (or "Lord"), from where the Greek cult "Adonis" took root.{{sfn|Bromiley|1995|p=729}}

Verse 16

So He brought me into the inner court of the Lord’s house; and there, at the door of the temple of the Lord, between the porch and the altar, were about twenty-five men with their backs toward the temple of the Lord and their faces toward the east, and they were worshiping the sun toward the east. (NKJV)[11]

  • "Worshipping the sun": This practice in Israel is mentioned in the {{bibleref2|2 Kings|23:5,11}} and also "evidenced by artifacts."[3]

See also

{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}
  • Jaazaniah the son of Shaphan
  • Son of man
  • Tammuz
{{col-end}}{{Portal|Bible}}
  • Related Bible parts: Joel 2, Luke 11, 2 Corinthians 12

Notes and references

1. ^Theodore Hiebert, et al. 1996. The New Interpreter's Bible: Volume VI. Nashville: Abingdon.
2. ^{{bibleref2|Ezekiel|8:1|KJV}}
3. ^1 The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, Augmented Third Edition, New Revised Standard Version, Indexed. Michael D. Coogan, Marc Brettler, Carol A. Newsom, Editors. Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 2007. pp. 1190-1191 Hebrew Bible. {{ISBN|978-0195288810}}
4. ^Lang, Bernhard (1981) Ezechiel. Darmstadt. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesselschaft. cited in Kee et al 2008, p. 209.
5. ^{{bibleref2|Ezekiel|8:5|KJV}}
6. ^Brown, Francis; Briggs, Charles A.; Driver, S. R. The Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon. Hendrickson Publishers; Reprint edition (1994). {{ISBN|978-1565632066}}. "semel", "qinah".
7. ^Gesenius, H. W. F. Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index. Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (Translator). Baker Book House; 7th edition. 1979. קִנְאָה
8. ^{{bibleref2|Ezekiel|8:11|KJV}}
9. ^Gesenius, H. W. F. Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures: Numerically Coded to Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, with an English Index. Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (Translator). Baker Book House; 7th edition. 1979. יַאֲזַנְיָ֨הוּ
10. ^{{bibleref2|Ezekiel|8:14|NKJV}}
11. ^{{bibleref2|Ezekiel|8:16|NKJV}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book

| last = Bromiley
| first = Geoffrey W.
| title = International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: vol. iv, Q-Z
| year = 1995
| publisher = Eerdmans
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=6OJvO2jMCr8C&pg=PA574&dq=%22an+awkward+and+an+ambiguous+expression+in+Greek%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mvkkVNK0KMvq8AXZkIGIBw&ved=0CB4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22an%20awkward%20and%20an%20ambiguous%20expression%20in%20Greek%22&f=false
| ref = harv}}
  • {{Cite book

|last = Clements
|first = Ronald E
|title = Ezekiel
|publisher = Westminster John Knox Press
|year = 1996
|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=cB5WoWI3FRAC&pg=PA216&lpg=PA216&dq=Ezekiel++By+Ronald+Ernest+Clements#v=onepage&q&f=false
|isbn = 9780664252724
|ref = harvref
}}
  • {{Cite book

|last =Joyce
|first =Paul M.
|title =Ezekiel: A Commentary
|publisher =Continuum
|year =2009
|url =https://books.google.com/?id=LRepfsso2p0C&printsec=frontcover&dq=commentary+Ezekiel#v=onepage&q=commentary%20Ezekiel&f=false
|isbn =9780567483614
|ref =harvref
}}
  • {{cite book | last1 = Kee |first1 = Howard Clark | title = The Cambridge Companion to the Bible | first2 = Eric M. | last2 = Meyers| first3 = John |last3 = Rogerson | first4 = Amy-Jill |last4 = Levine | first5 = Anthony J. | last5 = Saldarini | editor-first = Bruce | editor-last= Chilton | edition=2, revised | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 2008 | isbn = 9780521691406}}
  • {{Cite book

| editor-last = Ulrich
| editor-first = Eugene
| title = The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants
| year = 2010
| publisher = Brill
| url = https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls
}}
  • {{cite book | last = Würthwein | first = Ernst | authorlink = Ernst Würthwein | title = The Text of the Old Testament | publisher = Wm. B. Eerdmans |location = Grand Rapids, MI | year= 1995 | translator-first1 = Erroll F.| translator-last1 = Rhodes |isbn = 0-8028-0788-7 | url= https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Text_of_the_Old_Testament.html?id=FSNKSBObCYwC | access-date= January 26, 2019}}

External links

Jewish

  • Ezekiel 8 Hebrew with Parallel English
  • Ezekiel 8 Hebrew with Rashi's Commentary

Christian

  • Ezekiel 8 English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
{{Book of Ezekiel}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ezekiel 08}}

2 : Ezekiel 8|Book of Ezekiel chapters
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