| 词条 | Factory Bot (Rails Testing) |
| 释义 |
Factory Bot, originally known as Factory Girl,[1] is a software library for the Ruby programming language that provides factory methods to create test fixtures for automated software testing. The fixture objects can be created on the fly; they may be plain Ruby objects with a predefined state, ORM objects with existing database records or mock objects. Factory Bot is often used in testing Ruby on Rails applications; where it replaces Rails' built-in fixture mechanism. Rails' default setup uses a pre-populated database as test fixtures, which are global for the complete test suite. Factory Bot, on the other hand, allows developers to define a different setup for each test and thus helps to avoid dependencies within the test suite.[2][3] FactoriesDefining FactoriesA factory is defined by a name and its set of attributes. The class of the test object is either determined through the name of the factory or set explicitly.[4] FactoryBot.define do # Determine class automatically factory :user do name = "Captain Minion" superhero false end # Specific class explicitly factory :superhero, class: User do name = "Tony Stark" superhero true end end FeaturesTraitsTraits allow grouping of attributes which can be applied to any factory.[4][5] factory :status do title "Seeking for Full Time jobs" trait :international do international true end trait :resident do international false end trait :comp_sci do comp_sci true end trait :electrical do comp_sci false end factory :comp_sci_international_student, traits: [:international, :comp_sci] factory :electrical_resident_student, traits: [:resident, :electrical] end AliasFactory Bot allows creating aliases for existing factories so that the factories can be reused.[4] factory :user, aliases: [:student, :teacher] do end factory :notice do teacher # Alias used ''teacher'' for ''user'' title "Office Hours" end factory :notification do student #Alias used student for user title "Lecture timings" end SequencesFactory Bot allows creating unique values for a test attribute in a given format.[4] FactoryBot.define do factory :title do sequence(:name){|n| "Title #{n}" } # Title 1, Title 2 and so on... end endInheritanceFactories can be inherited while creating a factory for a class. This allows the user to reuse common attributes from parent factories and avoid writing duplicate code for duplicate attributes. Factories can be written in a nested fashion to leverage inheritance. '''factory''' :user '''do''' name "Micheal" '''factory''' :admin '''do''' admin_rights true '''end''' '''end''' admin_user = create(:admin) admin_user.name ''# Micheal'' admin_user.admin_rights ''# true'' Parent factories can also be specified explicitly. '''factory''' :user '''do''' name "Micheal" '''end''' '''factory''' :admin, parent: :user '''do''' admin_user true '''end''' CallbackFactory Bot allows custom code to be injected at four different stages:[4]
See alsoOther Test libraries for Ruby
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Project Naming History|website=github.com/thoughtbot/factory_bot|url=https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_bot/blob/master/NAME.md}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Waiting For a FactoryGirl|website=Thoughtbot Blog|url=https://robots.thoughtbot.com/waiting-for-a-factory-girl}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Rails Testing|website=hiringthing.com|url=http://www.hiringthing.com/2012/08/17/rails-testing-factory-girl.html}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|title=Getting Started|website=rubydoc.info/gems/factory_bot|url=http://www.rubydoc.info/gems/factory_bot/file/GETTING_STARTED.md}} 5. ^{{cite web|title= Traits|website=Thoughtbot Blog|url=https://robots.thoughtbot.com/remove-duplication-with-factorygirls-traits}} 1 : Ruby (programming language) |
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