| 词条 | Faith Spotted Eagle |
| 释义 |
| name = Faith Spotted Eagle Tȟuŋkáŋ Inážiŋ Win | birth_date = {{birth year and age|1948}} | birth_place = Lake Andes, South Dakota, U.S. | alma_mater = University of South Dakota | occupation = PTSD counselor, educator | party = Democratic | known_for = {{ubl|Dakota Access Pipeline protests|Brave Heart Society|Receiving an electoral vote in 2016 U.S. presidential election}} }}Faith Spotted Eagle (Dakota: {{lang|dak|Tunkan Inajin Win}}[1] or {{lang|dak|Tȟuŋkáŋ Inážiŋ Win}} {{IPA-sio|tˣuŋkáŋ ináʒiŋ win|pron}} "Standing Stone"; born 1948) is a Native American activist and politician. She is a member of the Yankton Sioux Nation who attempted to block development of the Keystone XL pipeline and the Dakota Access Pipeline.[2] In the 2016 presidential election, she became the first Native American to receive an electoral vote for President of the United States as well as one of the first two women to receive an electoral vote for President of the United States.[3] Spotted Eagle's single vote came from Robert Satiacum Jr., a faithless elector in Washington, who cast it for her instead of Hillary Clinton. BackgroundSpotted Eagle is from the village of White Swan, now beneath 140 feet of water at the bottom of Lake Francis Case, a reservoir created by the Fort Randall Dam.[4] She still lives in the area at nearby Lake Andes, South Dakota.[5][6] She attended the American University in Washington, D.C., and Black Hills State College in Spearfish, South Dakota, and holds an MA in Educational Psychology and Counseling from the University of South Dakota. Her time as a student included an internship for then-senator George McGovern.[1] Spotted Eagle is a native speaker of Lakota, and learned English in school.[7] CareerActivismSpotted Eagle has been a private consultant in PTSD counseling for veterans, as well as a school counselor and principal, and a Dakota language teacher at Sinte Gleska College.[6][1] She is a founding member of the Brave Heart Society, an organization for teaching girls about traditional culture,[8] chair of the Ihanktonwan Treaty Committee, and the manager of Brave Heart Lodge in Lake Andes[6] which seeks to preserve Dakota cultural beliefs for the future.[1] Spotted Eagle served as a delegate of the Treaty Committee NGO at the United Nations.[1] Spotted Eagle criticized President Donald Trump following his use of the term "Pocahontas" to refer to Senator Elizabeth Warren. She referred to the incident as an "emotional assault" that "carries as much weight as a physical assault," and said, "He can phrase it and twist it and distort it any way he wants, the fact remains: That name does not belong in his mouth."[9][10] Politics2006 state house candidacySpotted Eagle ran for a seat in the South Dakota House of Representatives in 2006 for the 21st district, which comprises Brule, Buffalo, Charles Mix, Jones, and Lyman counties. She placed 3rd in the Democratic Party primary out of three candidates, receiving 735 votes overall. Spotted Eagle won the most votes of any candidate in majority-Native American Buffalo County.[11] She had been convinced to run for the seat, but did not actively campaign.[7] 2016 presidential electionSpotted Eagle received one electoral vote for President of the United States from Robert Satiacum Jr. of Washington, a faithless elector during the 2016 presidential election.[12] Satiacum explained that Clinton had failed Native Americans, especially regarding the pipeline issue. Spotted Eagle said that she was surprised when she learned that she received this vote. She said she hoped the vote would increase awareness of the environmental dangers of the Keystone XL project, and that she was now considering running for state office.[13] Spotted Eagle is the first Native American to receive an Electoral College vote for President,[3][14] and she and Hillary Clinton are the first two women to receive an electoral vote for president.[15] 2018 state house candidacySpotted Eagle ran for District 21 of the South Dakota House of Representatives in 2018 to succeed retiring Democrat Julie Bartling.[16] She lost the Democratic primary.[17] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|url=https://puc.sd.gov/commission/dockets/HydrocarbonPipeline/2014/HP14-002/yst2.pdf|title=BIO FOR FAITH SPOTTED EAGLE|publisher=South Dakota Public Utilities Commission}} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Spotted Eagle, Faith}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/11/01/us/standing-rock-sioux-sacred-land-dakota-pipeline/ |title=The sacred land at the heart of Dakota pipeline fight |publisher=CNN |date= |author= |accessdate= December 19, 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |first=Matt |last=Pearce |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-faith-spotted-eagle-2016-story.html |title=How Faith Spotted Eagle became the first Native American to win an electoral vote for president |date=December 20, 2016 |accessdate=December 25, 2016}} 4. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/21/climate/missouri-river-flooding-dams-climate.html The Fight to Tame a Swelling River With Dams That May Be Outmatched by Climate Change], by Tyler J. Kelley, New York Times, 21 March 2019 5. ^{{cite book|last=Lambrecht|first=Bill|title=Big Muddy Blues: True Tales and Twisted Politics Along Lewis and Clark's Missouri River|publisher=Thomas Dunne Books|year=2014|isbn=978-0-312-32783-5|page=178}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite book|url=https://puc.sd.gov/commission/dockets/HydrocarbonPipeline/2014/HP14-001/testimony/setest.pdf|title=PREFILED TESTIMONY OF FAITH SPOTTED EAGLE Docket No. HP14-001|publisher=South Dakota Public Utilities Commission}} 7. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.mitchellrepublic.com/news/4449903-spotted-eagle-hoping-defend-south-dakota|title=Spotted Eagle hoping to defend South Dakota|author=Andersen, Mark|newspaper=Mitchell Daily Republic|date=May 22, 2018|accessdate=June 3, 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web|last=Flegg|first=Erin|url=http://www.vancouverobserver.com/sustainability/international-treaty-protect-sacred-tar-sands-project-signed-first-nations-s-dakota|title=International Treaty to Protect the Sacred From Tar Sands Project signed by First Nations in S. Dakota|work=The Vancouver Observer|date=January 31, 2013|accessdate=December 19, 2016}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/trump-pocahontas-slur-reaction-elizabeth-warren-native-american-assault-what-say-latest-a8079176.html|title=Trump’s 'Pocahontas' slur 'carries as much weight as a physical assault', says Native American activist|last=Mindock|first=Clark|newspaper=The Independent|date=November 27, 2017|accessdate=December 23, 2017}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2017/11/27/trump-just-called-elizabeth-warren-pocahontas-at-an-event-honouring-native-american-war-heroes.html|title=Trump just called Elizabeth Warren ‘Pocahontas’ at an event honouring Native American war heroes|author=Dale, Daniel|newspaper=Toronto Star|date=November 27, 2017|accessdate=December 23, 2017}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://sdsos.gov/elections-voting/election-resources/election-history/2006/2006_primary_democratic_legislative_primary_official_returns.aspx|title=Democratic Legislative Primary Election – June 6, 2006 Official Canvass|author=South Dakota Secretary of State|date=2006|accessdate=December 22, 2016}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/politics/four-washington-electors-break-ranks-and-dont-vote-for-clinton/|title=Four Washington state electors break ranks and don't vote for Clinton|author=Brunner, Jim|work=The Seattle Times|date=December 19, 2016|accessdate=December 19, 2016}} 13. ^{{cite web |last=Smith |first=Kelley |url=http://www.ksfy.com/content/news/Activist-hopes-electoral-vote-will-give-pipeline-protesters-a-louder-voice.html |title=Activist hopes electoral vote will give pipeline protesters a louder voice |date=December 23, 2016 |work=KSFY News |accessdate=December 25, 2016}} 14. ^{{cite web |last=Bump |first=Philip |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/12/20/more-people-received-electoral-votes-in-2016-than-any-election-since-1796/ |title=More people received electoral votes in 2016 than in any election since 1796 |work=Washington Post |date=December 20, 2016 |accessdate=December 20, 2016}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/12/20/more-people-received-electoral-votes-in-2016-than-any-election-since-1796/|title=Donald Trump is 27th on the all-time list of electoral votes received by an individual|website=Washington Post|access-date=2017-02-06}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.yankton.net/community/article_96b55a42-3237-11e8-ae1d-a33ae9147156.html|title=Deadline Day: A Crowded Yankton Co. Race Looms|author=Dockendorf, Randy|newspaper=Yankton Daily Press & Dakotan|date=March 27, 2018|accessdate=March 28, 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.mitchellrepublic.com/news/government-and-politics/4456427-region-election-results-incumbents-advance-district-19-house|title=Region election results: Incumbents advance in District 19 house race|newspaper=Mitchell Daily Republic|date=June 5, 2018|accessdate=June 20, 2018}} 25 : 1948 births|20th-century American educators|20th-century American women|20th-century Native Americans|21st-century American educators|21st-century American women politicians|21st-century Native Americans|Activists from South Dakota|American political activists|American schoolteachers|American University alumni|American women activists|Black Hills State University alumni|Candidates in the 2006 United States elections|Candidates in the 2018 United States elections|Dakota people|Educators from South Dakota|Living people|Native American environmentalists|Native American women in politics|People associated with the 2016 United States presidential election|People from Charles Mix County, South Dakota|South Dakota Democrats|University of South Dakota alumni|Women in South Dakota politics |
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