“Fake snow”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Fake snow refers to products which simulate the appearance and texture of snow, but are not made from frozen crystalline water.

Fake snow has been made from many materials. In the early 1900s decorative snow was sometimes made from borax flakes and even ammonia.^[1]

Before the dangers of asbestos were known, the substance was sold for Christmas tree decoration. It was also used to simulate snow in films, including The Wizard of Oz and Citizen Cane.^[2]^[3]

Styrofoam beads and white flocking have been used to give the appearance of snow on artificial trees.^[4] Fake snow has also been sold in spray cans which could apply the flocking to windows and indoor displays.^[5]^[6]

When snow-like scenery is needed in live theatre, materials have included feathers, cotton, paper, breakfast cereal and potato flakes.^[7] To reduce the cleanup problem, many theatres use "snow generators" which create soapy white bubbles which disappear after a short time.^[8] A similar process was has been used in film studios and backlots; one well-known example is It's a Wonderful Life.^[9]

For outdoor film scenes needing large amounts of fake snow, salt was an inexpensive choice, but damaging to soil and plant life.^[10] Gypsum and bleached or painted cereal flakes have often been used;^[11] a less noisy alternative is paper, which is shredded and spread by specially-built machines.^[12]

References

1. ^{{cite book|author=Derek McCormack|title=Christmas Days: From Fake Snow to Santalands, The Things That Make Christmas Christmas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A6ejHlAPRiYC&pg=PT13|date=1 October 2005|publisher=House of Anansi Press Incorporated|isbn=978-0-88784-946-6|page=13}}
2. ^{{cite book|author=Sally Coulthard|title=The Little Book of Snow|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cc5IDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT32|date=1 November 2018|publisher=Head of Zeus|isbn=978-1-78854-580-8|page=32}}
3. ^[https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/was-fake-snow-made-from-asbestos-marketed-as-christmas-decor/ "Was Fake Snow made from asbestos marketed as Christmas decor?"]. Snopes. Bethania Palma, 22 December 2017.
4. ^{{cite book|author=James Hewitt|title=The Christmas Tree|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CXdxIt-ZBFgC&pg=PA35|date=September 2007|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-4303-0820-1|page=35}}
5. ^[https://www.thesun.co.uk/fabulous/7838669/mrs-hinch-christmas-bauble-hack/ "HAPPY HINCHMAS Mrs Hinch shares brilliant hack for hiding bauble string as she decorates her Christmas tree"]. The Sun, Lydia Hawken, 27th November 2018
6. ^[https://www.digitaltrends.com/home/a-look-at-retro-christmas-trees/ " A look at Christmas tree tech from the 1940s through today"]. Digitrends, By Brinke Guthrie — November 26, 2016
7. ^{{cite book|author=Dominique Brégent-Heald|title=Borderland Films: American Cinema, Mexico, and Canada During the Progressive Era|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YXCPCgAAQBAJ&pg=PT84|date=November 2015|publisher=U of Nebraska Press|isbn=978-0-8032-7884-4|page=84}}
8. ^{{cite book|author=Vicki Cobb|title=On Stage|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RoKlAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA19|date=1 January 2006|publisher=LernerClassroom|isbn=978-0-8225-9043-9|page=19}}
9. ^[https://www.mnn.com/lifestyle/arts-culture/stories/6-things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-its-a-wonderful-life "6 things you probably didn't know about 'It's a Wonderful Life'"]. Mother Nature Network, Matt Hickman, December 14, 2011
10. ^{{cite book|author=Kristi McKim|title=Cinema as Weather: Stylistic Screens and Atmospheric Change|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZRrxQkqrFaQC&pg=PA139|year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-89412-8|page=139}}
11. ^{{cite book|author=John Alton|title=Painting With Light|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v7MwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA64|date=5 February 2013|publisher=Univ of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-27584-3|page=64}}
12. ^{{cite book|author=Danielle S. Hammelef|title=Explosive Scenes: Fireballs, Furious Storms, and More Live Special Effects|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TFrmBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA18|year=2015|publisher=Capstone|isbn=978-1-4914-2003-4|page=18}}