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词条 February 1950 tornado outbreak
释义

  1. Confirmed tornadoes

     February 11 event  February 12 event  February 13 event 

  2. Other tornadoes

  3. See also

  4. Notes

  5. References

{{Infobox storm
| name = February 1950 tornado outbreak
| image =
| alt =
| caption =
| type = Tornado outbreak
| active = February 11–13, 1950
| lowest pressure =
| lowest temperature =
| tornadoes = ≥ 19
| fujitascale = F4
| tornado duration = 1 day, 11 hours, 50 minutes
| highest winds =
| hail =
| gusts =
| maximum snow =
| power outages =
| casualties = ± 45 fatalities, 201 injuries
| damages =
| affected = Mainly Red River and lower Mississippi Valleys
| current advisories =
| enhanced = no
| notes =
}}

The February 1950 tornado outbreak was a deadly tornado outbreak that devastated parts of Louisiana and Tennessee on February 11–13, 1950. The outbreak covered about a day and a half and produced numerous tornadoes, mostly from East Texas to the lower Mississippi Valley, with activity concentrated in Texas and Louisiana. Most of the deaths occurred in Louisiana and Tennessee, where tornadoes killed 28 and nine people, respectively. Several long-lived tornado families struck the Red River region of northwestern Louisiana, especially the Shreveport–Bossier City area. One of the tornadoes attained violent intensity, F4,{{#tag:ref|The Fujita scale was devised under the aegis of scientist T. Theodore Fujita in the early 1970s. Prior to the advent of the scale in 1971, tornadoes in the United States were officially unrated.[1] While the Fujita scale has been superseded by the Enhanced Fujita scale in the U.S. since February 1, 2007,[2] Canada utilized the old scale until April 1, 2013;[3] nations elsewhere, like the United Kingdom, apply other classifications such as the TORRO scale.[4]|group="nb"|name="Fujita"}} on the Fujita scale and caused 18 deaths, including six at the Shreveport Holding and Reconsignment Depot near Barksdale Air Force Base. It remains one of the top ten deadliest tornadoes on record in the state of Louisiana, in eighth place.[5]

Also in Louisiana, two other destructive tornadoes on parallel paths killed five each. Five additional deaths occurred across the border in East Texas. Nine people died in a tornado in western Tennessee as well. In all, official data indicate that the entire outbreak killed 45 people and left about 200 injured, though tornado researcher Thomas P. Grazulis counted 42 deaths in a reanalysis published in 1993.[6][7] The number of confirmed tornadoes, 19, is likely an underestimate, given the lack of NEXRAD and sparse storm spotting in the early 1950s.[8] Also, several long-tracked tornadoes recorded in the outbreak likely contained more, shorter-lived tornadoes.[7] Reports indicate that at least seven other tornadoes may have occurred, potentially bringing the number of tornadoes to at least 26, and the actual total was likely higher.[7][11]

{{Clear}}

Confirmed tornadoes

{{Tornado chart|enhanced=no|FU=0|F0=0|F1=5|F2=10|F3=3|F4=1|F5=0|Total=19}}

February 11 event

List of confirmed tornadoes - Saturday, February 11, 1950
F#
Location
County/Parish
Coord.
Time (UTC)
Path length
Damage
Texas
cat2}} | F2Alvin to WebsterBrazoria29.42|-95.25|}}19109.9|mi|km|1}}The first confirmed tornado of the outbreak struck 20 structures in the Alvin area, where numerous homes and business establishments lost their roofs or were destroyed. Losses reached $75,000 in 1950 U.S. dollars.[9]
cat3}} | F3W of La Porte to E of HighlandsHarris29.67|-95.05|}}195012|mi|km|1}}1 death – An intense tornado tracked across western La Porte, damaging 25 homes in its path, some of which were flattened. Other homes lost their roofs, and in all, some 200 structures sustained damage. 12 injuries took place, and a female centenarian was killed.[9][6] Contemporary losses reached $200,000.[9]
cat2}} | F2E of TylerSmith35|-95.2|}}03004.6|mi|km|1}}300|yd|m|}} of a church with 300 people in attendance. Five people were injured, and losses reached $100,000.[9][6]
cat2}} | F2S of Hughes SpringsCass, Morris32.98|-94.63|}}05554.5|mi|km|1}}A tornado moved through residential areas of Hughes Springs, striking the east side of the town. There, 15 homes were a total loss and 24 others received damage.[9] Six injuries occurred.[6] The tornado may have been the same as the deadly event that struck Corley after midnight CST.[9][6]

February 12 event

List of confirmed tornadoes - Sunday, February 12, 1950
F#
Location
County/Parish
Coord.
Time (UTC)
Path length
Damage
Texas
cat2}} | F2W of Maud to New BostonBowie33.33|-94.42|}}06308|mi|km|1}}1 death – Possibly continuous with the Hughes Springs event, this tornado crossed the northern part of Corley, affecting 15 homes, some of which were wrecked. One death occurred in the Corley area, and there were eight injuries.[9][6] Total losses from both tornadoes reached $200,000. According to Thomas P. Grazulis, both events were the same tornado and attained F3 intensity, not the official F2 designation.[9]
cat1}} | F1Dublin areaErath32.08|-98.35|}}07152.3|mi|km|1}}A weak tornado seriously damaged five buildings in the Dublin area.[10]
cat2}} | F2Groesbeck areaLimestone31.52|-96.55|}}12103.4|mi|km|1}}This tornado struck 20 homes and business establishments as it entered Groesbeck. Several of the structures lost their roofs or were destroyed. Debris rained on the courthouse in town, though the tornado dissipated beforehand. Losses reached $25,000.[9]
cat1}} | F1SE of JoaquinShelby31.8|-94.2|}}17577.7|mi|km|1}}A tornado caused severe damage to many homes and killed hundreds of chickens near Haslam.[10] At least one home was leveled, possibly leading to a few deaths.[9] 32 or more injuries occurred just south of Haslam, in the Fellowship settlement, and elsewhere along the path.[6][9]
cat3}} | F3SW of CenterShelby31.8|-94.2|}}18001.9|mi|km|1}}3 deaths – An intense tornado struck the Jericho settlement near Center, causing damage to numerous structures in the area.[10] 15 people were injured.[6] The three confirmed deaths may have actually occurred in connection with the preceding tornado. This and the previous event may have been the same tornado and may have continued into Louisiana, forming part of the track of the Logansport–Shreveport F4 tornado.[9]
Mississippi
cat2}} | F2W of New AlbanyUnion34.6|-89.12|}}18000.1|mi|km|1}}3 deaths – Starting west of New Albany, this tornado leveled a small residence in its path. Additionally, it destroyed three barns nearby.[11] Two people were injured.[6]
cat1}} | F1SW of New AlbanyUnion34.6|-89.12|}}18002|mi|km|1}}A brief tornado struck several homes and a barn near Hell Creek. Three of the homes lost their roofs, and at least one home and barn were flattened.[9] At least one of the two Mississippi tornadoes may have actually occurred at 3:20 a.m. CST on February 13 and not at the time listed in the official records.[7]
Arkansas
cat2}} | F2S of SardisGrant34.48|-92.4|}}18300.1|mi|km|1}}A brief but strong tornado swept away a barn and flattened a home in the Cane Creek area.[9] Trees in the vicinity were felled as well.[10]
cat2}} | F2S of Mount HollyUnion33.27|-92.95|}}21005.7|mi|km|1}}Another strong tornado damaged electrical wires, a store, and an oil camp.[10] Additionally, the tornado leveled many barns and three homes. Losses reached $20,000.[11]
List of confirmed tornadoes - Monday, February 13, 1950
F#
Location
County/Parish
Coord.
Time (UTC)
Path length
Damage
Tennessee
cat1}} | F1S of RosemarkShelby35.35|-89.77|}}07000.2|mi|km|1}}A short-lived tornado destroyed outbuildings and caused extensive damage to a few farmhouses. Eight people were injured inside one of the houses.[10][6]
cat2}} | F2SE of RipleyLauderdale35.75|-89.48|}}08000.2|mi|km|1}}9 deaths – A very brief but devastating tornado struck the Hurricane Hill community, leveling a few small homes on the hilltop. Two parents and their six offspring were inside one of the homes that was swept away. The structure, which was poorly built, was lofted {{convert>85|yd|m|lk=on}} before disintegrating, killing all nine occupants.[11] One injury occurred as well.[6]
{{Clear}}

Other tornadoes

Besides the officially documented tornadoes, several other events were identified as tornadoes by Grazulis in his 1993 documentation. The official Climatological Data National Summary of February 1950 also identified one tornado that, like the others listed below, does not appear in the archives of the Storm Prediction Center. They are as follows.

  • Anderson County, Texas (Montalba) – Possible F2 tornado leveled a farmhouse and several barns, dispersing their contents for up to a mile. Listed by Grazulis.[9]
  • Camp, Titus, and Morris counties, Texas (east of Pine to Omaha) – Possible F2 tornado flattened a couple of homes near Pine, with two injuries. Losses were $70,000 from the tornado in Omaha, where the tornado leveled several homes and a gymnasium at a school. Listed by Grazulis.[9]
  • Falls County, Texas (Baileyville) – Possible F2 tornado flattened as many as ten homes, with five injuries. Listed by Grazulis.[9]
  • Harrison County, Texas (Gill) – Possible F2 tornado wrecked four homes, with 10 injuries. Listed by Grazulis.[9]
  • Polk and Angelina counties, Texas (south of Lufkin to south of Huntington) – Possible F2 tornado struck two rural communities, sweeping away one home and strewing the debris for acres. A father and his two children died, and three other people sustained injuries, including the mother of the children. Listed by Grazulis.[9]
  • Nacogdoches County, Texas (Chireno area) – Possible F2 tornado wrecked six homes, with two injuries. Listed by Grazulis.[9]
  • Jefferson County, Texas (Lovell Lake/LaBelle area) – Possible tornado with one injury. Listed by the Climatological Data National Summary.[10]

See also

  • List of tornadoes striking downtown areas
  • List of North American tornadoes and tornado outbreaks
  • Tornado History Project: February 11–13, 1950

Notes

1. ^{{cite book|last1=Grazulis|first1=Thomas P.|authorlink1=Thomas P. Grazulis|title=The Tornado: Nature's Ultimate Windstorm|date=2001|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|location=Norman|isbn=978-0-8061-3538-0|page=141|ref=harv}}
2. ^{{cite web|last1=Edwards|first1=Roger|title=Enhanced F Scale for Tornado Damage|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/faq/tornado/ef-scale.html|website=The Online Tornado FAQ (by Roger Edwards, SPC)|publisher=Storm Prediction Center|accessdate=25 February 2016|date=5 March 2015}}
3. ^{{cite web |title=Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF-Scale) |url=https://www.ec.gc.ca/meteo-weather/default.asp?lang=En&n=41E875DA-1 |website=Environment and Climate Change Canada |publisher=Environment and Climate Change Canada |accessdate=25 February 2016 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6fZKvoOPa?url=https://www.ec.gc.ca/meteo-weather/default.asp?lang=En&n=41E875DA-1 |archivedate=25 February 2016 |date=6 June 2013 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
4. ^{{cite web |title=The International Tornado Intensity Scale |url=http://www.torro.org.uk/tscale.php |website=Tornado and Storm Research Organisation |publisher=Tornado and Storm Research Organisation |accessdate=25 February 2016 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6fZLLlUzO?url=http://www.torro.org.uk/tscale.php |archivedate=2016-02-25 |date=2016 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
5. ^{{cite web |last1=Grazulis |first1=Thomas P. |last2=Grazulis |first2=Doris |title=The Most "Important" US Tornadoes by State |url=http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/worstts.htm |website=The Tornado Project Online |publisher=The Tornado Project |accessdate=2 March 2016 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6fh9gLEFL?url=http://www.tornadoproject.com/alltorns/worstts.htm |archivedate=2016-03-02 |date=26 April 2000 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 {{cite web|title=Storm Prediction Center WCM Page: Severe Weather Database Files (1950-2014)|url=http://www.spc.noaa.gov/wcm/#data|website=Storm Prediction Center|publisher=Storm Prediction Center|accessdate=1 March 2016|date=17 March 2015}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 {{cite book|last1=Grazulis|first1=Thomas P.|title=Significant Tornadoes, 1680–1991: a Chronology and Analysis of Events|date=July 1993|publisher=The Tornado Project of Environmental Films|location=St. Johnsbury, Vermont|isbn=1-879362-03-1|pages=953–954|ref=harv}}
8. ^{{cite journal|last1=Cook|first1=A. R.|last2=Schaefer|first2=J. T.|title=The Relation of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to Winter Tornado Outbreaks|journal=Monthly Weather Review|date=August 2008|volume=136|pages=3121–3137|doi=10.1175/2007MWR2171.1|url=http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/2007MWR2171.1|accessdate=1 March 2016|bibcode = 2008MWRv..136.3121C }}
9. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 {{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|p=953}}
10. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 {{cite journal|title=Storm Data|journal=Climatological Data National Summary|date=February 1950|volume=1|issue=2|pages=10–11}}
11. ^1 2 3 {{harvnb|Grazulis|1993|p=954}}
12. ^{{cite web |last1=Murdock |first1=Scott D. |title=Barksdale AFB Off-Base Sites |website=Scott's USAF Installations Page |url=http://www.airforcebase.net/usaf/bark.html |publisher=Airforcebase.net |accessdate=1 March 2016 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6fgktkzrz?url=http://www.airforcebase.net/usaf/bark.html |archivedate=2016-03-01 |date=1998 |deadurl=yes |df= }}

References

{{Reflist|2}}

5 : Tornadoes of 1950|Tornadoes in Tennessee|Tornadoes in Louisiana|February 1950 events|1950 natural disasters in the United States
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