| 词条 | Five Freedoms Forum |
| 释义 |
The Five Freedoms Forum (FFF) was a group of anti-apartheid organizations made up of mostly white people.[1] It was launched in Johannesburg on 18 March 1987.[2] The name of the group was based on five freedoms: "freedom from want, freedom from fear, freedom from discrimination, freedom of speech and association and freedom of conscience."[3] Several organizations fell under the umbrella of the Five Freedoms Forum including NUSAS, Black Sash, Young Christian Students, Jodac, the Catholic Church Commission for Justice and Peace, Concerned Social Workers, Jews for Social Justice and the Detainees' Parents Support Committee.[4] The Five Freedoms Forum organized a two-day conference of 800 delegates in September 1987, which was the first "nationwide meeting of South African white groups opposed to apartheid."[5] In 1989, an anti-apartheid campaigner, David Webster, who was white and involved with the Five Freedoms Forum, was assassinated.[6] References1. ^{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1987-05-09/news/mn-4811_1_foreign-funds|title=Foreign Gifts Allowed for Apartheid Foes : Court Clears Way for United Democratic Front to Solicit Abroad|last=Parks|first=Michael|date=9 May 1987|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=17 September 2016|via=}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/five-freedoms-forum-alliance-white-anti-apartheid-organisations-launched-johannesburg|title=The Five Freedoms Forum An Alliance of White Anti-Apartheid Organisations is Launched in Johannesburg|last=|first=|date=16 March 2012|website=South African History Online|publisher=|access-date=14 September 2016}} 3. ^{{Cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1987-05-02/news/mn-3172_1_parliamentary-elections/2|title=S. African Election Poses Dilemma : Liberals Torn Over Whether to Vote or Abstain Next Week|last=Parks|first=Michael|date=2 May 1987|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=17 September 2016|via=}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nelsonmandela.org/omalley/index.php/site/q/03lv02424/04lv02730/05lv03188/06lv03201.htm|title=Five Freedoms Forum (FFF)|last=|first=|date=|website=O'Malley: The Heart of Hope|publisher=Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory|access-date=17 September 2016}} 5. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/28/world/whites-back-move-to-end-apartheid.html|title=Whites Back Move to End Apartheid|last=Battersby|first=John D.|date=28 September 1987|work=The New York Times|access-date=17 September 2016|via=}} 6. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/02/world/anti-apartheid-worker-killed.html|title=Anti-Apartheid Worker Killed|last=|first=|date=2 May 1989|work=The New York Times|access-date=17 September 2016|via=}} External links
2 : Anti-Apartheid organisations|1987 establishments in South Africa |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。