| 词条 | Flavius Valerius Jovinus |
| 释义 |
| image = Tombeau de Jovin Musée Saint-Remi 90208 03.jpg | caption = Portrait assumed to be of Jovinus, on his sarcophagus Reims, musée Saint-Remi. }}Flavius Valerius Jovinus (around 310-370 AD), was a Roman general and consul of the West Roman empire of Gaulic or Germanic origin, born and buried in Durocortorum (present day Reims).[1] He was named Magister equitum in Gaul by emperor Flavius Claudius Julianus.[2] He became magister militum under emperor Jovian (364-375), kept his rank under Valentinian I (364-375), and pushed back several incursions of the Alemanni such as the one in 366 in Scarponna (Dieulouard). In 367 he became consul. BiographyJovinus was named Magister equitum (head of cavalery) in Gaul by emperor Flavius Claudius Julianus (aka Julian the apostat). When in 363 emperor Jovian wants to replace him by one of his own men, Jovinus is proclaimed (emperor ???) by the legions in Gaul, but he refuses the purple and calms his troops. A grateful Jovian reinstates him as magister militum (top military commander).[3][4] On three occasions in 366, he gave battle to the Allemanni that had crossed the Rhine: in Scarponna (Dieulouard), on a river[5](likely the Moselle), and finally at Châlons en Champagne. In 367 he became consul of the west Roman empire together with Flavius Lupicinus. Having converted to Christianity, he lets build the church of Saint-Agricole and Saint-Vital on the location of the current Saint-Nicaise de Reims abbey church. In this church he was buried in 370, in a white Marmara marble sarcophage which he took from Italy. The sarcophage of size 1.48m x 2.85m x 1.33m weighs approximately 2 metric ton and is decorated with a lion-hunt scene, and a scene of the dead man preparing to leave. Since 1958 it is in the musée d'archéologie de Saint-Rémi in Reims. Since 1880, the attestation of the tomb to Jovinus is disputed, however. He is also attributed to the foundation of Joigny (Joviniacum), and Joinville. See also
NoteThis article is based on the French original in French Wikipedia with some input and references from the Latin version. References1. ^Jean-Yves Sureau, Les Rues de Reims, mémoire de la ville, Reims, 2002. 2. ^Ammianus Marcellinus, Res gestae, XXI 8,3 3. ^Ammianus Marcellinus, Res gestae, XXV 8,11 4. ^{{Cite book|author=|title=Biographie universelle ou dictionnaire historique|volume=3|publisher= Furne|location= Paris|year=1833|url={{Google books|ZgyiqmsFSIAC|page=1545|plainurl=yes}}}}. 5. ^Ammianus Marcellinus, Res gestae, XXVII 2 5 : Military history|Roman Gaul|Imperial Roman consuls|310s births|370s deaths |
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