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词条 Fldigi
释义

  1. Supported digital modes

  2. Portability

     Operating systems  Architectures  Sound systems 

  3. Features

  4. The Fldigi Suite

     [https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/flamp/ Flamp]  Flarq  [https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/flmsg/ Flmsg]  [https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/flwrap/ Flwrap]  [https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/flnet/ FLNet]  [https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/fllog/ FLLog]  [https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/flwkey/ FLWkey]   Flcluster    Flaa    Flrig  

  5. Test Tools

      LinSim    CompText    CompTTY  

  6. RSID

  7. Software Architecture

  8. Community-provided extensions

  9. Awards and recognitions

  10. Notable users

     Disaster relief services  Shortwave broadcasters  MARS  PSK Mail  AirChat 

  11. Decodeable broadcasts

  12. See also

  13. References

  14. External links

{{Infobox Software
| name = Fldigi
| logo =
| screenshot = Fldigi-PSK31.png
| caption = Fldigi main window snapshot
| developer = Dave Freese (W1HKJ), et al.[1]
| status = Active
| size = about 6.5MB
| released = 2007
| latest release version = 4.1.01
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2019|2|19|df=yes}}[2]
| programming language = FLTK, C, C++
| operating system = Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, FreeBSD[3]
| platform = IA-32, x64, IA-64, armel, armhf, mips, mipsel, PowerPC, s390, s390x, SPARC, Raspberry Pi
| language = English, Italian, Spanish, French, German, Polish, Dutch
| language count = 7
| genre = Amateur radio and DSP
| license = GPL version 3.0
| repo = {{url|https://sourceforge.net/p/fldigi/fldigi/ci/master/tree/}}
| website = {{url|http://www.w1hkj.com/}}
}}Fldigi, the Fast Light Digital modem application,[4] is a free and open-source program which allows an ordinary computer's sound card to be used as a simple two-way data modem. The software is mostly used by amateur radio operators who connect the microphone and headphone connections of an amateur radio SSB transceiver or an FM two way radio to the computer's headphone and microphone connections, respectively.[5][6]

This interconnection creates a "sound card defined radio" whose available bandwidth is limited by the sound card's sample rate and the external radio's bandwidth.

Such communications are normally done on the shortwave amateur radio bands in modes such as PSK31, MFSK, RTTY, Olivia, and CW (morse code). Increasingly, the software is also being used for data on VHF and UHF frequencies.

Using this software, it is possible for amateur radio operators to communicate worldwide while using only a few watts of RF power.

Fldigi software is also used for amateur radio emergency communications when other communication systems fail due to natural disaster or power outage. Transfer of files, emails, and FEMA ICS forms are possible using inexpensive radio hardware.[7][8][9]

Supported digital modes

Mode NameSpeeds SupportedCustom Modes
Morse Code / CW 5 - 50 words-per-minute Yes
PSK 31, 63, 63F, 125, 250, 500, 1000 No
FSQ 2, 3, 4.5, 6 No
IFKP 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 No
Contestia 4/125, 4/250, 8/250, 4/500, 8/500, 16/500, 8/1000, 16/1000, 32/1000, 64/1000 Yes
DominoEX Micro, 4, 5, 8, 11, 16, 22, 44, 88 No
Hellschreiber Feld Hell, Slow Hell, Feld Hell X5, Feld Hell X9, FSK Hell, FSK Hell-105, Hell 80 No
MFSK 4, 8, 11, 16, 22, 31, 32, 64, 64L, 128, 128L No
MT63 500S, 1000S, 2000S, 500L, 1000L, 2000L No
Navtex Navtex No
Olivia 4/250, 8/250, 4/500, 8/500, 16/500, 8/1000, 16/1000, 32/1000, 64/2000 Yes
QPSK 31, 63, 125, 250, 500 No
8PSK 125, 250, 500, 1000, 125FL, 250FL, 125F, 250F, 500F, 1000F, 1200F No
PSKR 125R, 250R, 500R, 1000R No
RTTY 45.45/170, 50/170, 75/170, 75/850 Yes
SYNOP SYNOP No
THOR Micro, 4, 5, 8, 11, 16, 22, 25x4, 50x1, 50x2 100 No
SITORB SitorB No
Throb / ThrobX 1, 2, 4   /   X1, X2, X4 No
WEFAX IOC576, IOC288[10] No

Portability

Operating systems

Fldigi is based on the lightweight portable graphics library FLTK and the C/C++ language. Because of this, the software can run on many different operating systems such as:

  • Microsoft Windows (2000 or newer)
  • OSX
  • macOS
  • Linux,[11]
  • FreeBSD,[12]
  • OpenBSD,[13]
  • NetBSD,[14]
  • Solaris.[15]

Additionally, Fldigi is designed to compile and run on any POSIX compliant operating system that uses an X11 compatible window system / graphical user interface.[15]

Architectures

The Fldigi software is written in highly portable C/C++ and can be used on many CPU architectures, including:

  • amd64
  • i386
  • armhf/armel
  • ia64
  • mips
  • mipsel
  • powerpc
  • s390
  • s390x
  • sparc
  • Raspberry Pi [16].

Sound systems

Multiple sound systems are supported by Fldigi, allowing the program to abstract the Sound card hardware across differing hardware and operating systems.

  • Open Sound System (OSS)
  • Portaudio
  • Pulseaudio
  • Read / Write to WAV files (file I/O)

Features

  • NBEMS: The narrowband emergency messaging system [17][18][9]
  • Support for transmitting and receiving in all languages by using UTF-8 character encoding (some modes)
  • Connection to external programs via TCP/IP port 7322 [19]
  • Ability to be used as a KISS modem via TCP/IP port 7342
  • Dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) encoding and decoding
  • Automatic switching of mode and frequency by use of Reed Solomon Identifier signal identification
  • Inbuilt macro language and processor for programmable automated control
  • Sound card oscillator frequency/skew correction
  • Measure sound card oscillator's skew to atomic clock: WWV or WWVH
  • Measure RF receiver frequency skew to atomic clock: WWV or WWVH
  • Transmit a WWV-like time signal as a calibration reference
  • Control of external transmit / receive radio hardware by using GPIO pins. (For embedded hardware)
  • Simultaneous decoding of multiple morse code (CW) signals.
  • Decoding of morse code (CW) by self-organizing map artificial neural network (trained artificial intelligence)

The Fldigi Suite

The "Fldigi Suite" consists of the Fldigi modem and all extension programs released by the same development group.

These extensions add more capabilities to Fldigi such as verified file transfer and message passing. Interconnecion between these programs and the Fldigi modem is made over TCP/IP port 7322.[20]

[https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/flamp/ Flamp]

Flamp implements the Amateur Multicast Protocol by Dave Freese, W1HKJ [21] and is a tool for connectionless transferring of files to multiple users simultaneously without requiring any existing infrastructure. The program breaks a given file into multiple smaller pieces, checksums each piece, then transmits each piece one or more times. When all parts are correctly received the sent file is re-assembled and can be saved by receiving stations. [22]This program is useful for multicasting files over lossy connections such as those found on high frequency or during emergency communications.

Flarq

Flarq implements the ARQ specification developed by Paul Schmidt, K9PS [23] to transfer emails, text files, images, and binary files over radio. This protocol is unicast and connection-based. The software seamlessly integrates with existing email clients such as Microsoft Outlook, Mozilla Thunderbird, and Sylpheed. [24]

[https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/flmsg/ Flmsg]

Flmsg allows users to send, receive, edit, and create pre-formatted forms. Such a system speeds the flow of information during emergency communications. The software has a number of forms built-in including FEMA ICS forms, MARS reports & messages, Hospital ICS forms, Red Cross messages, IARU and NTS messages.[25]

[https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/flwrap/ Flwrap]

Flwrap is a tool for the sending of files using a simplified drag and drop interface. Data compression is available also, which reduces data transfer times.[26]

[https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/flnet/ FLNet]

FLNet assists net control operators in keeping track of multiple stations during digital amateur radio nets.

[https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/fllog/ FLLog]

FLLog is a logging software which keeps track of conversations between amateur radio operators in a database format known as ADIF.

[https://sourceforge.net/projects/fldigi/files/flwkey/ FLWkey]

FLWkey is a simple interface to control an external piece of hardware called a Winkeyer. This is a morse code keyer which is adjustable via computer commands over USB.

Flcluster

Flaa

Flrig

FLRig is a component of the FLDigi suite of applications that enables computer aided control of various radios using a serial or USB connection.

Using FLRig in combination with FLDigi, events such as frequency, power level, receiver gain and audio gain may be adjusted from the computer automatically or by user intervention.

Test Tools

The Fldigi development group also releases a number of open-source programs which assist in the testing, development, and comparison of different modes within Fldigi.

LinSim

CompText

CompTTY

RSID

To identify the mode being transmitted a signal called an RSID, or Reed-Solomon Identifier, can be transmitted before the data. Using this identifier the receiving software can automatically switch to the proper mode for decoding. The assigning of these identifiers to new modes is coordinated to ensure inter-operation between programs.[27]

Currently 7 sound card-digital-modem programs support this standard.

  • PocketDigi
  • FDMDV
  • DM780
  • Multipsk
  • Fldigi
  • AndFlmsg
  • TIVAR

RSID operates by sending a short burst of a specific modulation before the data signal, which can be used to automatically identify over 272 digital modes. This burst consists of a 10.766 baud 16-tone MFSK modulation where 15 tones/symbols are sent. The burst occupies 172 Hz of bandwidth and lasts for 1.4 seconds.[27]

Software Architecture

For simple keyboard-to-keyboard communication Fldigi can be operated using just the main window. For more complex uses or file transfer external programs can be attached to the internal TCP/UDP ports 7322 (ARQ), 7342 (KISS), and 7362 (XML-RPC).

The image below helps to illustrate the interconnections and signal-flow within the Fldigi architecture.

Community-provided extensions

Fldigi allows external programs to attach and send / receive data by connecting to port 7322/ARQ or 7342/KISS. When used this way, Fldigi and the computer's sound card are acting as a "softmodem" allowing text or data sent on one computer to be transferred using the wireless radio link in-between.

Programs which have a history of use with Fldigi as the underlying modem include:

  • D-Rats - easy to use chatrooms, email, and file transfer over-radio.
  • PSKmail - send and receive on-internet e-mail over a remote radio connection.
  • [https://github.com/la5nta/fldigiattach/ Fldigiattach] - attach Fldigi as modem for Linux AX.25 and TCP/IP connections.
  • [https://sourceforge.net/projects/uichat/ UIChat] - Java-based amateur radio chat program.
  • [https://sourceforge.net/projects/linkup/ LinkUP] - Program for unattended operation and person to person chat.
  • Linux - Fldigi can be used in Linux as a KISS (TNC) modem for AX.25 and TCP/IP connections.

Awards and recognitions

  • At the 2014 Dayton Hamvention the project lead, Dave Freese (W1HKJ), was recognized with the Technical Excellence Award "for his development and distribution of the Fast Light Digital Modem Application (fldigi) family of programs for use in amateur and emergency communications."[28]
  • Fldigi was selected as Sourceforge's June 2017 Staff 'Project of the Month' [29]
  • Fldigi was one of Sourceforge's 'Projects of the Week' for Oct 17, 2016 [30]
  • Fldigi was selected as Sourceforge's December 2017 Community Choice 'Project of the Month'[31]

Notable users

Disaster relief services

The software is also utilized by some organizations for both routine and disaster/emergency relief services.

  • Multiple state and county Emergency operations centers [32][33]
  • W1AW (ARRL) [34]
  • Amateur Radio Emergency Services (ARES)[35][32]
  • Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)[36]
  • Civil Air Patrol (CAP)[37]
  • SATERN, the Salvation Army Team Emergency Radio Network [38]
  • SKYWARN a program of the United States' National Weather Service (NWS) whose mission is to collect reports of localized severe weather. [39]

Shortwave broadcasters

Following the successful tests by the Voice of America's VOA Radiogram program, international and government shortwave broadcasters began testing and experimenting with digital data over shortwave broadcast channels using the Fldigi software.[40]

These tests led to regular weekly digital broadcasts by the broadcasters listed below.

  • VOA Radiogram, service terminated in 2017 and continuing as Shortwave Radiogram.
  • In June 2017, following the demise of VOA Radiogram, Shortwave Radiogram began broadcasting digital data-streams using Fldigi via WRMI in Miami and Space Line   in Bulgaria. [41]
  • Radio Havana Cuba
  • Radio Moscow
  • Radio Australia[42]
  • Radio Miami International
  • Italian Broadcasting Corporation[43]
  • WBCQ (SW)[44]
  • Mighty KBC[45]

MARS

The Fldigi suite of programs has become popular within the U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force Military Auxiliary Radio System.[46][47]

PSK Mail

Fldigi is used as the underlying modem for the PSKmail project [48]. PSK Mail allows users to retrieve and send normal emails over radio.

AirChat

In 2014 the group Anonymous released a communications tool named AirChat, which used Fldigi as the underlying modem. This provided a low speed yet reliable data connection using only moderate radio hardware. The AirChat software allows for anonymous transmissions of both encrypted and unencrypted messages over unencrypted channels.[49][50][51]

Decodeable broadcasts

The broadcasts listed below are transmitted on a regular schedule and can be decoded using Fldigi.

  • SITOR text forecasts and storm warnings
  • WEFAX visual weather fax
  • SYNOP surface synoptic observations
  • NAVTEX warnings, forecasts, and safety information broadcasts
  • VOA Radiogram Broadcasts
  • W1AW Broadcasts

See also

  • Amateur Radio
  • Shortwave Radio
  • WSPR (amateur radio software)
  • WSJT (amateur radio software)
  • CW Skimmer
  • Internet Radio Linking Project
  • PSK31
  • RTTY
  • American Radio Relay League

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://sourceforge.net/p/fldigi/fldigi/ci/master/tree/AUTHORS|title=AUTHORS file|via=SourceForge|accessdate=14 September 2018}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.w1hkj.com/|at=Software releases table|accessdate=1 March 2019|date=19 February 2019|title=W1HKJ Software}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.w1hkj.com/beginners.html|title=Beginners' Guide to Fldigi|work=w1hkj.com}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=https://fedorahosted.org/fldigi/wiki/Documentation/FAQ|title=Documentation/FAQ – fldigi|work=fedorahosted.org}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.linuxjournal.com/magazine/rolling-your-own-digital-amateur-radio|title=Rolling Your Own with Digital Amateur Radio - Linux Journal|website=www.linuxjournal.com}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.linuxjournal.com/magazine/amateur-radio-survival-guide-linux-users|title=An Amateur Radio Survival Guide for Linux Users - Linux Journal|website=www.linuxjournal.com}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WeGMAwAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&dq=fldigi&pg=PA228#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Amateur Radio Emergency Communications Reference|first=John|last=Allocca|publisher=Lulu.com|via=Google Books}}
8. ^http://www.arrl.org/files/file/On%20the%20Air/Tutorials/Introduction_to_NBEMS_ARRL.pdf
9. ^1 http://www.w1hkj.com/NBEMS/PublicService.pdf
10. ^How Do I Decode a Weather Facsimile (WEFAX) Off of my Shortwave? {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151015232011/http://hfradioreview.com/2014/10/23/how-do-i-decode-a-weather-facsimile-wefax-off-of-my-shortwave/comment-page-1/ |date=2015-10-15 }}
11. ^{{cite web|url=https://packages.debian.org/jessie/fldigi|title=Package: fldigi (3.22.01-1)|accessdate=6 May 2017|publisher=Debian}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://portsmon.freebsd.org/portoverview.py?category=comms&portname=fldigi|title=FreeBSD port|website=freebsd.org}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/ports/comms/fldigi/|title=ports/comms/fldigi/|publisher=OpenBSD|accessdate=6 May 2017}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://pkgsrc.se/ham/fldigi/|title=pkgsrc/ham/fldigi/|publisher=NetBSD}}
15. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://fedorahosted.org/fldigi/wiki/Documentation/FAQ|title=Infrastructure/Fedorahosted-retirement - Fedora Project Wiki|website=fedorahosted.org}}
16. ^{{cite web|url=https://packages.debian.org/search?keywords=fldigi|title=Debian -- Package Search Results -- fldigi|first=Debian Webmaster,|last=webmaster@debian.org|website=packages.debian.org}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.arrl.org/nbems|title=NBEMS|website=www.arrl.org}}
18. ^https://www.liltechdude.com/portfolio/Data_Networks.pdf
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.w1hkj.com/FldigiHelp-3.22/config_io_page.html|title=FLDIGI Users Manual: Configure ARQ/KISS I/O|website=www.w1hkj.com}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.w1hkj.com/|title=W1HKJ Software|website=www.w1hkj.com}}
21. ^http://www.w1hkj.com/files/flamp/Amp-2.V3.0.Protocol.pdf
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.w1hkj.com/flamp2.1-help/index.html|title=FLAMP Users Manual: FLAMP Users Manual - Version 2.1.02|website=www.w1hkj.com}}
23. ^http://www.w1hkj.com/FlarqHelpFiles/ARQ2.pdf
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.w1hkj.com/FlarqHelpFiles/flarq.html|title=flarqhelp-main|first=Dave Freese,|last=W1HKJ|website=www.w1hkj.com}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.w1hkj.com/flmsg-help/|title=FLMSG Users Manual: FLMSG Users Manual - Version 4.0|website=www.w1hkj.com}}
26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.w1hkj.com/Flwrap/|title=FLWRAP Users Manual: FLWRAP Users Manual - Version 1.3|website=www.w1hkj.com}}
27. ^1 http://www.w1hkj.com/RSID_description.html
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.arrl.org/news/dayton-hamvention-announces-2014-award-winners|title=Dayton Hamvention® Announces 2014 Award Winners|website=www.arrl.org}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=https://sourceforge.net/blog/june-2017-staff-pick-project-of-the-month-fldigi/|title=June 2017, “Staff Pick” Project of the Month – fldigi - SourceForge Community Blog|date=5 June 2017|website=sourceforge.net}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=https://sourceforge.net/blog/projects-of-the-week-october-17-2016/|title=Projects of the Week, October 17, 2016 - SourceForge Community Blog|date=17 October 2016|website=sourceforge.net}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=https://sourceforge.net/blog/december-2017-community-choice-project-month-fldigi/|title=December 2017, “Community Choice” Project of the Month – fldigi - SourceForge Community Blog|date=1 December 2017|website=sourceforge.net}}
32. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.arrl.org/news/big-island-ares-districts-activate-to-support-possible-hurricane-response-in-hawaii|title=Big Island ARES Districts Activate to Support Possible Hurricane Response in Hawaii|website=www.arrl.org}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wastateares.org/cascadia-rising/cascadia-comms|title=Cascadia Comms - WAEmcomm|website=www.wastateares.org}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kb6nu.com/w1hkj-honored-for-fldigi/|title=W1HKJ honored for fldigi - KB6NU's Ham Radio Blog|date=22 August 2012|website=kb6nu.com}}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.w9tca.com/w9tca/NBEMS|title=NBEMS (fldigi, flarq, etc.) - Tippecanoe County ARES - W9TCA.com|website=www.w9tca.com}}
36. ^{{cite web|url=http://groupspaces.com/BCARES/pages/fldigi-and-nbems|title=Join Brown County ARES/RACES : Brown County ARES/RACES : GroupSpaces|website=groupspaces.com}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.capmembers.com/emergency_services/communications-blog/?new_on_hf_code_group_messages&show=entry&blogID=1407|title=Communications Blog - Civil Air Patrol National Headquarters|website=www.capmembers.com}}
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://qso.com/satern/training/NBEMS.html|title=SATERN.org - NBEMS Intro|website=qso.com}}
39. ^[https://www.skywarnforum.com/threads/hawaii-skywarn-net-activation.23582/]{{dead link|date=January 2018}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.radioworld.com/article/international-broadcasters-reconsider-shortwave/271847|title=International Broadcasters Reconsider Shortwave|first=|last=RWO|website=radioworld.com}}
41. ^http://swradiogram.net/
42. ^{{cite web|url=http://swling.com/blog/2013/06/radio-australia-transmitting-digital-radiograms-this-weekend-june-8-9/|title=Radio Australia transmitting digital radiograms this weekend, June 8 – 9|date=6 June 2013|website=swling.com}}
43. ^{{cite web|url=http://voaradiogram.net/post/148501070787/voa-radiogram-6-7-august-2016-in-thor25x4-news|title=VOA Radiogram, 6-7 August 2016: In Thor25x4, news about Io|website=VOA Radiogram}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://swling.com/blog/2012/05/decoding-wbcqs-digital-message/|title=How to decode WBCQ’s digital message|date=5 May 2012|website=swling.com}}
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://swling.com/blog/2012/11/the-mighty-kbc-tests-9450-khz-and-will-send-a-digital-message-this-weekend/|title=The Mighty KBC tests 9,450 kHz and will send a digital message this weekend|date=6 November 2012|website=swling.com}}
46. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.af-mars.org/public/|title=Air Force MARS Region Ten – We provide contingent radio communications as directed by US DoD|website=www.af-mars.org}}
47. ^https://txarmymars.org/downloads/Basic-Soundcard-Training.pdf
48. ^{{cite web|url=http://pskmail.org/|title=PSKmail|website=pskmail.org}}
49. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/anonymous-airchat-aims-allow-communication-without-needing-phone-internet-access-1445888|title=Anonymous' Airchat Aims to Allow Communication Without Needing Phone or Internet Access|first=Mary-Ann|last=Russon|date=24 April 2014|website=ibtimes.co.uk}}
50. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/04/25/anonymous-airchat/|title=Anonymous' radio-based networking keeps protesters off the grid|website=engadget.com}}
51. ^http://hplusmagazine.com/2014/05/14/airchat-secure-wireless-from-anonymous/

External links

  • {{official website|http://www.w1hkj.com/}}
  • Fldigi on SourceForge - includes downloads
  • [https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/linuxham/info Linux Fldigi group]
  • [https://groups.yahoo.com/group/win-fldigi/ Windows Fldigi group]
  • [https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/NBEMSham/info NBEMS group]
{{Digital modes}}

6 : Quantized radio modulation modes|Amateur radio software|Amateur radio software for Linux|Amateur radio software for Windows|Free communication software|Amateur radio software for macOS
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