“1921 Louth by-election”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

1921 Louth by-election

释义

Vacancy
Electoral history
Candidates
Campaign
Result
Aftermath
See also
References

{{Infobox election
|election_name=1921 Louth by-election
|type=presidential
|country=United Kingdom
|previous_election=Louth, Lincolnshire (UK Parliament constituency)#1920 Louth by-election
|previous_year=1918
|next_election=Louth, Lincolnshire (UK Parliament constituency)#Elections in the 1920s
|next_year=1922
|election_date=22 September 1921
|candidate1=Wintringham
|image1=
|party1=Liberal Party (UK)
|popular_vote1=8,386
|percentage1=42.2
|candidate2=Hutchings
|image2=
|party2=Unionist Party (UK)
|popular_vote2=7,695
|percentage2=38.3
|candidate3=George
|image3=
|party3=Labour Party (UK)
|popular_vote3=3,873
|percentage3=19.5
|map_image=
|map_size=250px
|title=MP
|posttitle=Subsequent MP
|before_election=Thomas Wintringham
|before_party=Liberal Party (UK)
|after_election=Margaret Wintringham
|after_party=Liberal Party (UK)
}}

The Louth by-election, 1921 was a by-election held on 22 September 1921 for the British House of Commons constituency of Louth in Lincolnshire.

Vacancy

The seat had become vacant following the death of the Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) Thomas Wintringham on 8 August 1921. He had been elected at the by-election in 1920.

Electoral history

The result at the last election was;

{{Election box begin |
|title=Louth by-election, 1920^[1]}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Thomas Wintringham
|votes = 9,859
|percentage = 57.3
|change = +11.8
}}{{Election box candidate with party link coalition 1918|
|party = Unionist Party (UK)
|candidate = Christopher Hatton Turnor
|votes = 7,354
|percentage = 42.7
|change = −11.8
}}{{Election box majority|
|votes = 2,505
|percentage = 14.6
|change =
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 17,213
|percentage = 63.1
|change = +2.8
}}{{Election box gain with party link|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|loser = Unionist Party (UK)
|swing = 11.8
}}{{Election box end 1918}}

Candidates

The Liberals selected 41-year-old Margaret Wintringham, widow of the former MP as their candidate to defend the seat. She worked as a teacher, before becoming headmistress of a school in Grimsby. She became a magistrate and a member of the Grimsby Education Committee. She was involved in many political movements, including the National Union of Women Workers, the British Temperance Association, the National Union of Societies for Equal Citizenship (NUSEC), the Women's Institute and the Townswomen's Guild. She was standing for parliament for the first time.
On 17 August, the Unionists selected 41-year-old Sir Alan Hutchings as their candidate to challenge for the seat. He was Secretary of the Department of the Director-General of Voluntary Organisations (War Office) from 1915-19.^[2] He was standing for parliament for the first time.
The Labour Party selected Lt. James George of Peterborough as their candidate to challenge for the seat.^[3] He was standing for parliament for the first time.

Campaign

Polling Day was set for 22 September 1921, 45 days after the death of the former MP, allowing for a long campaign. Despite rumours the contrary, on 13 September nominations closed to confirm that the election would be a three-way contest.^[4]

Hutchings received the official endorsement of the Coalition Government.

Result

Wintringham held the seat that her husband had gained for the Liberals in a by-election the year before.

{{Election box begin | title=Louth by-election, 1921^[5]}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Margaret Wintringham
|votes = 8,386
|percentage = 42.2
|change = −15.1
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Unionist Party (UK)
|candidate = Alan Hutchings
|votes = 7,695
|percentage = 38.3
|change = −4.4
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Labour Party (UK)
|candidate = James L. George
|votes = 3,873
|percentage = 19.5
|change = N/A
}}{{Election box majority|
|votes = 791
|percentage = 3.9
|change = −10.7
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 19,954
|percentage = 72.1
|change = +9.0
}}{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|loser = Unionist Party (UK)
|swing =
}}{{Election box end}}

Wintringham become only the second woman to take her seat in the House of Commons, and the first female Liberal MP.

Aftermath

Wintringham was re-elected at the 1922 general election,

{{Election box begin | title=1922 General Election^[6]
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Margaret Wintringham
|votes = 11,609
|percentage =
|change =
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Unionist Party (UK)
|candidate = Alan Hutchings
|votes = 10,726
|percentage =
|change =
}}{{Election box majority|
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes =
|percentage =
|change =
}}{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =

}}{{Election box end}}

References

1. ^British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
2. ^‘HUTCHINGS, Sir Alan’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2007; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012 ; online edn, Nov 2012 accessed 4 Jan 2014
3. ^Grantham Journal, 27 Aug 1921
4. ^Grantham Journal, 17 Sep 1921
5. ^British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig
6. ^British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig

{{cite book |last=Craig |first=F. W. S. |authorlink= F. W. S. Craig |title=British parliamentary election results 1918-1949 |origyear=1969 |edition= 3rd |year=1983 |publisher= Parliamentary Research Services |location=Chichester |isbn= 0-900178-06-X}}
{{Rayment-hc|date=March 2012}}

3 : 1921 elections in the United Kingdom|By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Lincolnshire constituencies|1921 in England

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