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词条 1930 Tour de France
释义

  1. Changes from the previous Tour

  2. Teams

  3. Route and stages

  4. Race overview

  5. Classification leadership

  6. Final standings

     General classification  Team classification 

  7. Aftermath

  8. See also

  9. Notes

  10. References

  11. Bibliography

  12. External links

{{Infobox cycling race report
| name = 1930 Tour de France
| image = Tour de France 1930.png
| image_caption = Route of the 1930 Tour de France followed counterclockwise, starting in Paris
| image_alt =
| image_size = 300px
| date = 2–27 July
| stages = 21
| distance = 4822
| unit = km
| time = 186h 39' 16"
| speed = 28.002
| first = André Leducq
| first_nat = FRA
| first_natvar =
| first_color = yellow
| first_team = France
| second = Learco Guerra
| second_nat = ITA
| second_natvar = 1861
| second_team = Italy
| third = Antonin Magne
| third_nat = FRA
| third_natvar =
| third_team = France
| team = France
| previous = 1929
| next = 1931
}}

The 1930 Tour de France was the 24th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 2 to 27 July. It consisted of 21 stages over {{convert|4822|km|0|abbr=on}}.

The 24th tour de France introduced a new format to team racing; teams were organized by country with ten riders per team. This format proved to be a very successful format for the French riders, six of which placed in the top ten. André Leducq was the star of the French team, winning the overall classification, however, Charles Pélissier, who finished ninth overall achieved a stunning eight stage wins.[1]

1930 was the first year of the publicity caravan.[2]

Changes from the previous Tour

Tour director Henri Desgrange had tried many things to remove the team tactics from the Tour de France, because he wanted the race to be won on individual strength. In 1929, he had removed the sponsors, but this had had no effect; the Alcyon team members still cooperated and managed to let Maurice Dewaele win the race, even though he was sick.

For 1930, Desgrange replaced the trade teams by national teams. He gave up on the idea that he could keep team tactics away from the Tour, but decided that he could still try to keep commercial team tactics away.[3]

The race started with five national teams of eight cyclists each, completed by 60 touriste-routiers.[3][5] All cyclists raced on identical, yellow-coloured bicycles.[4]

The trade teams did not like the national teams, because they lost the publicity during the most important race of the season, while they still had to pay for the riders' salary. The trade teams used to supply food, transport and lodging for the cyclists during the race, but now the Tour organisation had to pay for all this. To pay for this, the publicity caravan was started.[4] In 1930, only three companies were in that publicity caravan, but it has grown since.[4] The most popular sponsor in the publicity was Menier chocolates, whose advertising manager had advised the Tour organisation to start the publicity caravan; 500.000 fans came to the Tour de France stages early to receive chocolate handouts.[5]

In 1929, all cyclists had to do their own repairs, and had to finish with their bicycle they started with. This had caused Victor Fontan to quit the race while he was leading. In 1930, this rule was abandoned, and from now on, cyclists could get help when they had mechanical problems.[4]

From 1927 to 1929, some stages were run in the team-time-trial format. This was completely abandoned in 1930.[4]

The first live radio broadcast from the Tour de France happened in 1930.[1]

Two extra prizes were given in 1930, donated by the Soors brothers from Grand Sport. The cyclist who led the general classification, and therefore wore the yellow jersey, received the Maillot d'or (French for golden jersey), which was 1000 francs for every stage. The best touriste-routier in the general classification received the Maillot d'argent (French for silver jersey), which was 500 francs per stage. Despite the name, there was no silver jersey worn by the best touriste-routier.[6]

Teams

{{main list|List of teams and cyclists in the 1930 Tour de France}}

For the first time, the Tour was run with national teams. Belgium, Italy, Spain, Germany and France each sent a team composed of eight cyclists. Additionally, 60 cyclists started as touriste-routiers, most of them French. Some of them were grouped in regional teams.[5]

One of the notable cyclists was Alfredo Binda, riding in the Italian national team. He had dominated the Giro d'Italia in the recent years, winning the 1925, 1927, 1928 and 1929 editions; in 1929 he had done so by winning eight consecutive stages. For the 1930 Giro d'Italia, he was paid money not to compete, so he started in the Tour de France that year.[4]

The French team was captained by Victor Fontan, who had been leading the 1929 Tour de France until he had to abandon the race due to mechanical problems. The Belgian team had Jef Demuysere as the favourite.[7]

Route and stages

Charles Pélissier won four stages in a row. He was the last cyclist to do this, until Mario Cipollini repeated this in 1999.[3] Pélissier had also crossed the line first in the sixth stage, but was relegated because he had pulled Binda's jersey.[5] He also finished in second place seven times, and finished in the top-three eighteen out of 21 times.[1]

Pélissier was dominating the flat stages, but lost time on the mountain stages. In stage 9, he finished in fifteenth place, losing more than 23 minutes,[8] in stage 14 he lost another 75 seconds to Leducq,[9] and in stage 15 he lost more than 50 minutes, finishing 31st.[10] Pélissier's eight stage victories in one Tour is still a record; it has since been equalled by Eddy Merckx in 1970 and 1974, and Freddy Maertens in 1976.[11]

[12]{{sfn>Augendre|2016|p=28}}[13]
StageDateCourseDistanceType[14]Winner
12 July Paris to Caen 206|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Charles Pélissier|FRA}}
23 July Caen to Dinan 203|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Learco Guerra|ITA|1861}}
34 July Dinan to Brest 206|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Charles Pélissier|FRA}}
45 July Brest to Vannes 210|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Omer Taverne|BEL}}
56 July Vannes to Les Sables d'Olonne 202|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage André Leducq|FRA}}
67 July Les Sables d'Olonne to Bordeaux 285|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Jean Aerts|BEL}}
78 July Bordeaux to Hendaye 222|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Jules Merviel|FRA}}
89 July Hendaye to Pau 146|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Alfredo Binda|ITA|1861}}
910 July Pau to Luchon {{convert|231|km|mi|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Alfredo Binda|ITA|1861}}
1012 July Luchon to Perpignan {{convert|322|km|mi|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Charles Pélissier|FRA}}
1114 July Perpignan to Montpellier 164|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Charles Pélissier|FRA}}
1215 July Montpellier to Marseille 209|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Antonin Magne|FRA}}
1316 July Marseille to Cannes 181|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Learco Guerra|ITA|1861}}
1417 July Cannes to Nice {{convert|132|km|mi|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Louis Peglion|FRA}}
1519 July Nice to Grenoble {{convert|333|km|mi|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Learco Guerra|ITA|1861}}
1621 July Grenoble to Evian {{convert|331|km|mi|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) André Leducq|FRA}}
1723 July Evian to Belfort {{convert|282|km|mi|abbr=on}} Stage with mountain(s) Frans Bonduel|BEL}}
1824 July Belfort to Metz 223|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Charles Pélissier|FRA}}
1925 July Metz to Charleville 159|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Charles Pélissier|FRA}}
2026 July Charleville to Malo-les-Bains 271|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Charles Pélissier|FRA}}
2127 July Malo-les-Bains to Paris 300|km|mi|abbr=on}} Plain stage Charles Pélissier|FRA}}
Total{{convert|4822|km|0|abbr=on}}{{sfn|Augendre|2016|p=108}}

Race overview

{{main|1930 Tour de France, Stage 1 to Stage 11|1930 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 21}}

In the first stage, Charles Pélissier won, and he became leader of the race, the third of the Pélissier brothers to do so.[4] In the first stages, before the Pyrénées, the sprinters were battling for stage victories. The Italian Learco Guerra dominated the race. For the general classification, no big things happened, except for the fall of Alfredo Binda in the seventh stage, which caused him to lose one hour, and abandon his hopes for the Tour victory.[4] Binda won the eighth and ninth stage, before he dropped out in the tenth stage.[5]

In the ninth stage, touriste-routier Benoît Fauré led the race over the first mountains, and dropped many cyclists. In the end, he was dropped by Binda, Leducq, Pierre Magne and Antonin Magne.

In the sixteenth stage, going down from the Galibier, the leader of the race André Leducq fell down.[3] He lost consciousness, and when he woke up, Pierre Magne put him back on his bicycle, and his French teammates helped him to get back. Learco Guerra, second placed in the general classification with a margin of more than 16 minutes, saw an opportunity and was away as fast as he could, together with Jef Demuysere. Just before the climb of the Col du Télégraphe, Leducq's pedal broke. His teammate Marcel Bidot got a pedal from a spectator's bicycle. Leducq thought of abandoning the race, but he was convinced by his teammates to get back on his bicycle. They had 60 km to go, and managed to get back to Guerra. In the end, Leducq even managed to win the sprint.[4]

With no more mountain stages to come, Leducq had secured his victory. Charles Pélissier made the victory of the French team even more glorious, as he won the last four stages.

Classification leadership

In all stages, all cyclists started together. The cyclist to reach the finish first was the winner of the stage.

The time that each cyclist required to finish the stage was recorded. For the general classification, these times were added together; the cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey.

The touriste-routiers had been divided into regional teams, for which a separate team classification was made. The South-East team became the winner of this classification.[12] For touriste-routiers, cyclists that were not part of national teams, there were additional awards. The best-placed touriste-routier received a prize, but was not identified by a jersey. Some of the touriste-routiers were assigned to a regional team. A regional team classification was also made, according to the same rules as the national team classification.

The organing newspaper, l'Auto named a meilleur grimpeur (best climber), an unofficial precursor to the modern King of the Mountains competition. This award was won by Benoît Fauré.[15]

For the first time, there was a team competition. The team classification was calculated in 1930 by adding up the times in the general classification of the three highest ranking cyclists per national team; the national team with the least time was the winner. The team competition for national teams was won by the French team.[12]

Classification leadership by stage[16]
StageWinnerGeneral classificationBest touriste-routierNational classificationRegional classification
1 Charles PélissierCharles PélissierSeveral cyclists
with the same time		FranceNorth-France
2 Learco GuerraLearco GuerraItaly
3 Charles Pélissier
4 Omer TaverneFrance
5 André Leducq
6 Jean Aerts
7 Jules MervielJean GoulemeSouth-East France
8 Alfredo Binda
9 Alfredo BindaAndré LeducqBenoît Faure
10 Charles Pélissier
11 Charles Pélissier
12 Antonin Magne
13 Learco Guerra
14 Louis Peglion
15 Learco Guerra
16 André Leducq
17 Frans Bonduel
18 Charles Pélissier
19 Charles Pélissier
20 Charles Pélissier
21 Charles Pélissier
FinalAndré LeducqBenoît FaureFranceSouth-East France

Final standings

General classification

Final general classification (1–10)[12]
RankRiderTeamTime
1André Leducq|FRA}}France172h 12' 16"
2Learco Guerra|ITA|1861}}Italy+ 14' 13"
3Antonin Magne|FRA}}France+ 16' 03"
4Jef Demuysere|BEL}}Belgium+ 21' 34"
5Marcel Bidot|FRA}}France+ 41' 18"
6Pierre Magne|FRA}}France+ 45' 42"
7Frans Bonduel|BEL}}Belgium+ 56' 19"
8Benoît Fauré|FRA}}Touriste-routier (South-East)+ 58' 34"
9Charles Pélissier|FRA}}France+ 1h 04' 37"
10Adolf Schön|GER|Weimar}}Germany+ 1h 21' 39"

Team classification

Final team classification [3][17]
RankTeamTime
1 France 517h 34' 09"
2 Belgium + 1h 48' 55"
3 Germany + 5h 09' 59"
4 Italy + 6h 32' 42"
5 Spain + 6h 42' 50"
Final regional team classification [18]
RankTeamTime
1 South East 524h 07' 15"
2 Champagne + 13h 21' 50"
3 Ile-de-France + 15h 45' 56"
4 Côte d'Azur + 17h 13' 29"
5 Midi + 18h 12' 41"
6 Provence + 20h 47' 29"
7 Normandy + 25h 46' 13"
8 North + 33h 00' 52"
9 Alsace-Lorraine + 35h 11' 08"

Aftermath

The national team format was considered successful by the Tour organisation. It also helped that a French cyclist won the race, which increased newspaper sales for the organising news paper l'Auto.[4] The national team format was kept in the coming years, and only reverted to the trade team system in 1962 temporarily and 1969 permanently.

See also

  • List of doping cases in cycling - 1930

Notes

1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.letour.fr/HISTO/us/TDF/1930/histoire.html|title=The Tour - Year 1930|publisher=Amaury Sport Organisation|accessdate=30 September 2009}}
2. ^Le Tour (official site), History, 1930
3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.veloarchive.com/races/tour/1930.php|title=1930: The coming of national teams|author=Tom James|date=15 August 2003|accessdate=29 September 2009}}
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite book |title=The Story of the Tour De France Volume 1:1903–1964 |last=McGann |first=Bill |authorlink= |author2=Mcgann, Carol |year= 2006|publisher=Dog Ear Publishing |location= |isbn=1-59858-180-5 |pages=94–100|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jxq20JskqMUC&pg=PA94 |accessdate=30 September 2009}}
5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.cyclingrevealed.com/timeline/Race%20Snippets/TdF/TdF1930.htm|publisher=Cycling revealed|author=Barry Boyce|year=2004|title=New ideas! Bold Initiatives!|accessdate=30 September 2009}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cyclismag.com/article.php?sid=1223|title=Le mystère du maillot argent résolu|date=5 July 2005|accessdate=18 July 2013|language=French|publisher=Cyclismag|first=Sandrine|last=Viollet|author2=Turgis, Dominique|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708215419/http://www.cyclismag.com/article.php?sid=1223|archive-date=2011-07-08|dead-url=yes|df=}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wielercentrum.com/tourdefrance/achtergronden%5Ctourverhalen%5C1930--Andr%C3%A9-Leducq-wint-de-eerste-Tour-voor-landenploegen-512.html|title=1930: André Leducq wint de eerste Tour voor landenploegen|publisher=Tourdefrance.nl|language=Dutch|date=19 March 2003|accessdate=30 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016215117/http://www.wielercentrum.com/tourdefrance/achtergronden/tourverhalen/1930--Andr%C3%A9-Leducq-wint-de-eerste-Tour-voor-landenploegen-512.html|archive-date=2012-10-16|dead-url=yes|df=}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1930_9.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306131248/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1930_9.php|archive-date=2012-03-06|access-date=28 October 2016|df=dmy-all|dead-url=yes|publisher=Mémoire du cyclisme|title=24ème Tour de France 1930 - 9ème étape|language=French}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1930_14.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306131253/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1930_14.php|archive-date=2012-03-06|access-date=28 October 2016|df=dmy-all|dead-url=yes|publisher=Mémoire du cyclisme|title=24ème Tour de France 1930 - 14ème étape|language=French}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1930_15.php|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306131307/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1930_15.php|archive-date=2012-03-06|access-date=28 October 2016|df=dmy-all|dead-url=yes|publisher=Mémoire du cyclisme|title=24ème Tour de France 1930 - 15ème étape|language=French}}
11. ^{{cite news|last=Henrys|first=Colin|title=Who has won the most Tour de France stages?|url=https://roadcyclinguk.com/racing/won-tour-de-france-stages.html|access-date=6 September 2016|work=Road Cycling UK|publisher=Mpora|date=5 July 2016}}
12. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|url=http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1930.php|publisher=Mémoire du cyclisme|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306131211/http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1903_1939/tdf1930.php|archive-date=2012-03-06|access-date=28 October 2016|df=dmy-all|dead-url=yes|title=24ème Tour de France 1930|language=French}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html#1912 |title=Tour de France GC top ten |author=Arian Zwegers |publisher=CVCC |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5gWiBhPaH?url=http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html |archivedate=2009-05-04 |deadurl=no |accessdate=2009-04-20 |df= }}
14. ^In 1930, there was no distinction in the rules between plain stages and mountain stages; the icons shown here indicate whether the stage included mountains.
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tour-giro-vuelta.net|title=Tour-giro-vuelta|accessdate=29 September 2009|author=Michiel van Lonkhuyzen}}
16. ^{{cite web|last=van den Akker|first=Pieter|title=Informatie over de Tour de France van 1930|trans-title=Information about the Tour de France from 1930|url=http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1930|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190304022401/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1930|archivedate=4 March 2019|language=Dutch|website=TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl|accessdate=4 March 2019|dead-url=no}}
17. ^{{cite news|url=http://hemeroteca.elmundodeportivo.es/preview/1930/07/28/pagina-1/1397122/pdf.html |agency=El Mundo Deportive |language=Spanish |date=28 July 1930 |title=En la general por Andres Léducq por equipos, Francia triunfa ¡¡por fin!! en su gran prueba ciclista |accessdate=2009-09-30 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5kEXe5Pol?url=http://hemeroteca.elmundodeportivo.es/preview/1930/07/28/pagina-1/1397122/pdf.html |archivedate=2 October 2009 |deadurl=no |df= }}
18. ^{{cite news|url=http://ouestfrance.cd-script.fr/opdf/1930/07/29/85/1930-07-29_85_07.pdf|work=l'Ouest-Eclair|language=French|date=29 July 1930|title=Le 24e Tour de France|accessdate=18 August 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720210429/http://ouestfrance.cd-script.fr/opdf/1930/07/29/85/1930-07-29_85_07.pdf|archive-date=2011-07-20|dead-url=yes|df=}}

References

{{Reflist|30em}}

Bibliography

  • {{cite book|first=Jacques|last=Augendre|author-link=Jacques Augendre|url=http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf|title=Guide historique|trans-title=Historical guide|year=2016|language=French|access-date=27 October 2016|format=PDF|work=Tour de France|location=Paris|publisher=Amaury Sport Organisation|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817121602/http://netstorage.lequipe.fr/ASO/cyclisme/le-tour/2016/histoire/TDF16_GH_Interactif-PROD.pdf|archive-date=17 August 2016|dead-url=no|ref={{harvid|Augendre|2016}}}}

External links

{{commons category-inline|Tour de France 1930|1930 Tour de France}}{{Cycling stage recaps|1930 Tour de France|1|11|12|21}}{{Tour de France}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tour De France}}

5 : 1930 Tour de France|1930 in road cycling|1930 in French sport|Tour de France by year|July 1930 sports events
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