| 词条 | FRIENDSHIP Act of 1993 |
| 释义 |
| shorttitle = FRIENDSHIP Act of 1993 | othershorttitles = | longtitle = An Act for reform in emerging new democracies and support and help for improved partnership with Russia, Ukraine, and other new independent states of the former Soviet Union. | colloquialacronym = | nickname = FRIENDSHIP Act | enacted by = 103rd | effective date = December 17, 1993 | public law url = http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-107/pdf/STATUTE-107-Pg2317.pdf | cite public law = 103-199 | cite statutes at large = {{usstat|107|2317}} | acts amended = | acts repealed = | title amended = {{unbulleted list|22 U.S.C.: Foreign Relations and Intercourse|50 U.S.C.: War and National Defense}} | sections created = | sections amended = {{unbulleted list|{{Usc-title-chap|22|33}} §§ 2458, 2460, 2461|{{Usc-title-chap|22|55}} § 4501 et seq.|{{Usc-title-chap|22|67}} § 5801 et seq.|{{Usc-title-chap|50|23}} § 781 et seq.|{{Usc|50a|2401}}|{{Usc|50a|2402}}|{{Usc|50a|2403-1}}}} | leghisturl = | introducedin = House | introducedbill = {{USBill|103|H.R.|3000}} | introducedby = Dick Gephardt (D-MO) | introduceddate = August 6, 1993 | committees = House Armed Services, House Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs, House Foreign Affairs, House Intelligence (Permanent), House Judiciary, House Post Office and Civil Service, House Ways and Means | passedbody1 = House | passeddate1 = November 15, 1993 | passedvote1 = Passed voice vote | passedbody2 = Senate | passedas2 = | passeddate2 = November 22, 1993 | passedvote2 = Passed voice vote, in lieu of {{USBill|103|S.|1672}} | conferencedate = | passedbody3 = | passeddate3 = | passedvote3 = | agreedbody3 = House | agreeddate3 = November 23, 1993 | agreedvote3 = Agreed without objection | agreedbody4 = | agreeddate4 = | agreedvote4 = | passedbody4 = | passeddate4 = | passedvote4 = | signedpresident = William J. Clinton | signeddate = December 17, 1993 | unsignedpresident = | unsigneddate = | vetoedpresident = | vetoeddate = | overriddenbody1 = | overriddendate1 = | overriddenvote1 = | overriddenbody2 = | overriddendate2 = | overriddenvote2 = | amendments = | SCOTUS cases = }} The FRIENDSHIP Act of 1993 was enacted as a law of the United States enhancing prior statutory provisions which govern international relations between the former Republics of the Soviet Union and United States during the Cold War. The Act of Congress reformed United States statutes related to:
The H.R. 3000 legislation was passed by the 103rd United States Congressional session and enacted into law by the 42nd President of the United States Bill Clinton on December 17, 1993. Titles of the ActThe 1993 Act was penned as nine titles establishing purposeful foreign relations as related to the development of emerging democracies and improved multinational partnerships. Title I: Policy of Friendship and CooperationStatement of purpose Findings Statutory provisions that have been applicable to the Soviet Union. Title II: Trade and Business RelationsPolicy under Export Administration Act Representation of countries of Eastern Europe and the Independent States of the former Soviet Union in legal commercial transactions Procedures regarding transfers of certain Department of Defense-funded items Soviet slave labor Title III: Cultural, Educational, and Other Exchange ProgramsMutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 Soviet-Eastern European research and training[1][2] Fascell Fellowship Act[3][4] Board for International Broadcasting Act[5][6] Scholarship programs for developing countries Report on Soviet participants in certain exchange programs Title IV: Arms ControlArms Control and Disarmament Act Arms Export Control Act Annual reports on arms control matters United States/Soviet direct communication link Title V: Diplomatic RelationsPersonnel levels and limitations Other provisions related to operation of consulates and embassies Foreign Service Buildings Act[7] Title VI: Oceans and the EnvironmentArctic Research and Policy Act[8][9] Fur seal management Global climate protection[10][11] Title VII: Regional and General Diplomatic IssuesUnited Nations assessments Soviet occupation of Afghanistan Angola Self determination of the people from the Baltic States Obsolete references in Foreign Assistance Act Review of United States policy toward the Soviet Union Title VIII: Internal Security; Worldwide Communist ConspiracyCivil defense Report on Soviet press manipulation in the United States Subversive Activities Control Act Report on Soviet and international communist behavior Title IX: MiscellaneousBallistic missile tests near Hawaii Nondelivery of international mail State-sponsored harassment of religious groups Murder of Major Arthur D. Nicholson Monument to honor victims of communism See also{{Portal|Cold War|Communism|International relations|Soviet Union}}{{div col|colwidth=30em}}Arctic policy of the United States Communist Control Act of 1954 Containment Former Soviet Union Demilitarization Act of 1992 Freedom Support Act Helsinki Accords Korean Air Lines Flight 007 Mount Alto Embassy Site National Captive Nations Committee North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 Omnibus Foreign Trade and Competitiveness Act Partnership for Peace Samantha Smith Soviet anti-religious legislation Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991 Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation World Trade Organization{{div col end}} References1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-97/pdf/STATUTE-97-Pg1017.pdf |title=Soviet-Eastern European Research and Training Act of 1983 ~ P.L. 98-164 |date=November 22, 1983 |series=97 Stat. 1047 ~ House Bill 2915 |publisher= U.S. Government Publishing Office}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/98th-congress/house-bill/2915 |title=H.R.2915 - Soviet-Eastern European Research and Training Act of 1983 |date=May 5, 1983 |publisher=Congress.gov}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-100/pdf/STATUTE-100-Pg853.pdf |title=Omnibus Diplomatic Security and Antiterrorism Act of 1986 ~ P.L. 99-399 |date=August 27, 1986 |series=100 Stat. 853 ~ House Bill 4151 |publisher= U.S. Government Publishing Office}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/99th-congress/house-bill/4151 |title=H.R.4151 - Omnibus Diplomatic Security and Antiterrorism Act of 1986 |date=February 6, 1986 |publisher=Congress.gov}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-87/pdf/STATUTE-87-Pg456-2.pdf |title=Board for International Broadcasting Act of 1973 ~ P.L. 93-129 |date=October 19, 1973 |series=87 Stat. 456 ~ Senate Bill 1914 |publisher= U.S. Government Publishing Office}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/93rd-congress/senate-bill/1914 |title=S.1914 - Board for International Broadcasting Act |date=May 31, 1973 |publisher=Congress.gov}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://legisworks.org/congress/69/publaw-186.pdf |title=Foreign Service Buildings Act of 1926 ~ P.L. 69-186 |date=May 7, 1926 |series=44 Stat. 403 ~ House Bill 10200 |publisher= Legis★Works}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-98/pdf/STATUTE-98-Pg1242.pdf |title=Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984 ~ P.L. 98-373 |date=July 31, 1984 |series=98 Stat. 1242 ~ Senate Bill 373 |publisher= U.S. Government Publishing Office}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/98th-congress/senate-bill/373 |title=S.373 - Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984 |date=February 1, 1983 |publisher=Congress.gov}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-101/pdf/STATUTE-101-Pg1331.pdf |title=Global Climate Protection Act of 1987 ~ P.L. 100-204 |date=December 22, 1987 |series=101 Stat. 1407 ~ House Bill 1777 |publisher= U.S. Government Publishing Office}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/100th-congress/house-bill/1777 |title=H.R.1777 - Global Climate Protection Act of 1987 |date=March 25, 1987 |publisher=Congress.gov}} External links
8 : 1993 in law|1993 in American law|1993 in international relations|103rd United States Congress|Cold War|Cold War history of the United States|Soviet Union–United States relations|United States foreign relations legislation |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。