“Fullerene whiskers”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Fullerene whiskers

释义

References

Fullerene whiskers are thin rods composed of fullerene molecules, such as C₆₀, C₇₀, or their mixtures. Hollow fullerene whiskers are called fullerene tubes. Such structures typically have a diameter of a few micrometers. When the diameter becomes smaller than 1 micron, the corresponding structures are called fullerene nanowhiskers or fullerene nanotubes.^[1]

Fullerene whiskers and tubes are held together by weak van der Waals forces, and hence are very soft.^[1] They can be grown by precipitation at an interface between two liquids. They are semiconductors and have potential uses in field-effect transistors, solar cells, chemical sensors, and photocatalysts. When doped with alkali metals, such as potassium, they become superconductors.

As-grown fullerene nanotubes have hexagonal shapes and face-centered cubic crystal structures. Owing to their relatively large inner diameters (ca. 100 nm) and low reactivity they can accommodate a wide range of nanoparticles. C₆₀ nanotubes decompose upon heating to {{convert|416|C}} in air.^[1]

References

1. ^¹²³{{cite book|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-03622-4_15|chapter=Synthesis and Functions of Fullerene Nanotubes|title=Inorganic and Metallic Nanotubular Materials|volume=117|pages=201–214|series=Topics in Applied Physics|year=2010|last1=Miyazawa|first1=K.|isbn=978-3-642-03620-0}}

^[1]
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3 : Carbon forms|Synthetic fibers|Fullerenes

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