“1951 Australian federal election”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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1951 Australian federal election

释义

Issues
Results
House of Representatives Senate
Seats changing hands
See also
Notes
References

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2013}}{{Infobox Election
| election_name = Australian federal election, 1951
| country = Australia
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = Australian federal election, 1949
| previous_year = 1949
| next_election = Australian federal election, 1954
| next_year = 1954
| seats_for_election = All 121 seats of the House of Representatives
61 seats were needed for a majority in the House
All 60 seats of the Senate
| election_date = 28 April 1951
| image1 =
| leader1 = Robert Menzies
| leader_since1 = 23 September 1943
| party1 = Liberal/Country coalition
| leaders_seat1 = Kooyong (Vic.)
| last_election1 = 74 seats
| seats1 = 69 seats
| seat_change1 = {{decrease}}5
| popular_vote1 =
| percentage1 = 50.70%
| swing1 = {{decrease}}0.30
| image2 =
| leader2 = Ben Chifley
| leader_since2 = 13 July 1945
| party2 = Australian Labor Party
| leaders_seat2 = Macquarie (NSW)
| last_election2 = 47 seats
| seats2 = 52 seats
| seat_change2 = {{increase}}5
| popular_vote2 =
| percentage2 = 49.30%
| swing2 = {{increase}}0.30
| title = Prime Minister
| before_election = Robert Menzies
| before_party = Liberal/Country coalition
| posttitle = Subsequent Prime Minister
| after_election = Robert Menzies
| after_party = Liberal/Country coalition
}}

Federal elections were held in Australia on 28 April 1951. All 121 seats in the House of Representatives and all 60 seats in the Senate were up for election, due to a double dissolution called after the Senate rejected the Commonwealth Bank Bill.^[1] The incumbent Liberal–Country coalition led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies defeated the opposition Labor Party (led by Ben Chifley) with a modestly reduced majority, and secured a majority in the Senate. Chifley died just over a month after the election.

Issues

Although the Coalition had won a comfortable majority in the House in 1949, Labor still had a four-seat majority in the Senate. Chifley thus made it his business to obstruct Menzies' agenda at every opportunity. Realizing this, Menzies sought to call a double dissolution at the first opportunity in hopes of gaining control of both houses. He thought he had his chance in 1950, when he introduced a bill to ban the Australian Communist Party. However, after a redraft, Chifley let the bill pass.

A few months later, the Senate rejected the Commonwealth Banking Bill, finally giving Menzies an excuse to call a double dissolution. While the Coalition lost five House seats to Labor, it still had a solid mandate. More importantly, it picked up six Senate seats, giving it control over both chambers.

Results

House of Representatives

House of Reps (IRV) — 1951–54—Turnout 96.00% (CV) — Informal 1.90%
Party			Votes	%	Swing	Seats	Change
	Liberal–Country coalition		2,298,512	50.34	+0.08	69	–5
	Liberal}} \|	100px}}	1,854,799	40.62	+1.23	52	–3
	Country}} \|	100px}}	443,713	9.72	–1.15	17	–2
Labor}} \|	Labor		2,174,840	47.63	+1.65	52	+5
Communist}} \|	Communist		44,782	0.98	+0.09	0	0
Independent}} \|	Independents		47,765	1.05	–1.11	0	0
	Total		4,565,899			121
Two-party-preferred {{Nobold\|(estimated)
Liberal}} \|	Liberal–Country coalition		WIN	50.70	−0.30	69	−5
Labor}} \|	Labor			49.30	+0.30	52	+5

Notes

Three members were elected unopposed – two Labor and one Liberal.

{{bar box
| title=Popular Vote
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars={{bar percent|Labor|{{Australian Labor Party/meta/color}}|47.63}}{{bar percent|Liberal|{{Liberal Party of Australia/meta/color}}|40.62}}{{bar percent|Country|{{National Party of Australia/meta/color}}|9.72}}{{bar percent|Independent|{{Independent (politician)/meta/color}}|1.05}}{{bar percent|Communist|#AA0000|0.98}}
}}{{bar box
| title=Two Party Preferred Vote
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars={{bar percent|Coalition|{{Coalition (Australia)/meta/color}}|50.70}}{{bar percent|Labor|{{Australian Labor Party/meta/color}}|49.30}}
}}{{bar box
| title=Parliament Seats
| titlebar=#ddd
| width=600px
| barwidth=410px
| bars={{bar percent|Coalition|{{Coalition (Australia)/meta/color}}|57.02}}{{bar percent|Labor|{{Australian Labor Party/meta/color}}|42.98}}
}}

Senate

Senate (STV) — 1951–53—Turnout 95.99% (CV) — Informal 7.13%
Party			Votes	%	Swing	Seats Won	Seats Held	Change
	Liberal–Country coalition		2,198,687	49.70	–0.71	32	32	+6
		Liberal–Country joint ticket	1,925,631	43.52	–1.12	22	N/A	N/A
	Liberal}} \|	Liberal	273,056	6.17	+0.41	10	26	+5
	Country}} \|	Country	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	6	+1
Labor}} \|	Labor		2,029,751	45.88	+0.99	28	28	−6
Communist}} \|	Communist		93,561	2.11	+0.02	0	0	0
Lang Labor}} \|	Lang Labor		60,549	1.37	+1.37	0	0	0
Protestant People}} \|	Protestant People's		13,090	0.30	–0.59	0	0	0
Country Alliance}} \|	Henry George Justice		6,015	0.14	+0.14	0	0	0
Independent}} \|	Independents		22,584	0.51	–1.20	0	0	0
	Total		4,424,237			60	60

Seats changing hands

Seat	Pre-1951				Swing	Post-1951
Seat	Party		Member	Margin	Swing	Margin	Member	Party
Australian Capital Territory, ACT	Independent}}\|	Independent	Lewis Nott	3.8	6.7	2.9	Jim Fraser	Labor	Labor}}\|
Ballaarat, Vic	Liberal}}\|	Liberal	Alan Pittard	0.4	1.6	1.2	Bob Joshua	Labor	Labor}}\|
Hume, NSW	Nationals}}\|	Country	Charles Anderson	1.0	1.3	0.3	Arthur Fuller	Labor	Labor}}\|
Kingston, SA	Liberal}}\|	Liberal	Jim Handby	1.6	3.4	1.8	Patrick Galvin	Labor	Labor}}\|
Leichhardt, Qld	Nationals}}\|	Country	Tom Gilmore	1.0	1.3	0.3	Harry Bruce	Labor	Labor}}\|
Wannon, Vic	Liberal}}\|	Liberal	Dan Mackinnon	0.8	1.9	1.1	Don McLeod	Labor	Labor}}\|

Notes

1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.aph.gov.au/senate/pubs/odgers/chap2107.htm |title=Parliament of Australia: Senate: Publications: Odgers' Guide to Australian Senate Practice – Twelfth Edition – Chapter 21 – Relations with the House of Representatives – Simultaneous dissolutions of 1951 |publisher=Aph.gov.au |date= |accessdate=26 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110321212508/http://www.aph.gov.au/senate/pubs/odgers/chap2107.htm |archivedate=21 March 2011 |df=dmy }}

References

University of WA election results in Australia since 1890
AEC 2PP vote
Prior to 1984 the AEC did not undertake a full distribution of preferences for statistical purposes. The stored ballot papers for the 1983 election were put through this process prior to their destruction. Therefore, the figures from 1983 onwards show the actual result based on full distribution of preferences.

4 : Federal elections in Australia|1951 in Australia|1951 elections in Australia|April 1951 events

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