Gamba is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

• Danielle Gamba (born 1982), American model, dancer and NFL Cheerleader of Italian and Spanish descent
• Enrico Gamba (1831–1883), Italian painter
• Ezio Gamba (1958), Italian-Russian judoka and judo coach
• Fran Gamba, 18th century Slovenian politician
• Giuseppe Gamba (1857–1929), Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and an Archbishop of Turin
• Paolo Ettore Gamba, Italian engineer
• Piero Gamba (born 1936), Italian orchestral conductor and pianist
• Marina Gamba (1570–1612), mother of Galileo Galilei's illegitimate children
• Matteo Gamba (born 1979), Italian rally driver
• Rumon Gamba (born 1972), English conductor
• Sandro Gamba (born 1932), Italian basketball coach and player
• Vincenzo Gamba (1606–1649), Italian musician, son of Galileo Galilei and Marina Gamba

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