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词条 Gammon (insult)
释义

  1. Pre-History

  2. Modern Usage

  3. See also

  4. References

{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}{{for2|the meat|Gammon (meat)|other uses|Gammon (disambiguation)}}Gammon is a pejorative term used in British political culture since around 2012, which received press coverage in 2018. In 2018, it became particularly known as a term to describe middle-aged or older (usually white) men, particularly those on the political right or who supported Brexit.[1][2][3]

Pre-History

The term is of recent usage, but has longer historical antecedents.

It may be considered comparable to the French term rosbif (roast beef), an informal term for Britons that is thought to have originated from the French stereotype that holidaying Englishmen unused to strong sunshine would turn the colour of roasted meat.[4]

It also corresponds to the traditional allegorical personification of Britain, the figure of John Bull. This allegory of the idealised 'middle Englishman' was traditionally depicted as a stern, physically stout and ruddy-faced, middle-aged and middle-class male. In this case the same set of stereotypical traits, which today are regarded as a negative when expressed via the term 'gammon', were regarded as a source of national pride whe used in the context of 'John Bull'.

An early example of the characteristics being described with the term 'gammon' may be found used by Charles Dickens, in his 1838 novel, Nicholas Nickleby:[5]{{quote|The time had been, when this burst of enthusiasm would have been cheered to the very echo; but now, the deputation received it with chilling coldness. The general impression seemed to be, that as an explanation of Mr. Gregsbury’s political conduct, it did not enter quite enough into detail; and one gentleman in the rear did not scruple to remark aloud, that, for his purpose, it savoured rather too much of a 'gammon' tendency.{{pb}}{{pb}}

The meaning of that term—gammon,' said Mr. Gregsbury, 'is unknown to me. If it means that I grow a little too fervid, or perhaps even hyperbolical, in extolling my native land, I admit the full justice of the remark. I am proud of this free and happy country. My form dilates, my eye glistens, my breast heaves, my heart swells, my bosom burns, when I call to mind her greatness and her glory.[6]|sign=|source=}}

Modern Usage

From the early 2010s the term began to emerge as a political jibe.

In 2012, Caitlin Moran wrote that British Prime Minister David Cameron resembled "a slightly camp gammon robot" and "a C3PO made of ham" in her 2012 book Moranthology.[7][8][9][10]

In 2015, Ruby Tandoh called Great British Bake Off judge Paul Hollywood a "walking gammon joint".[11]

In 2017, children's author Ben Davis tweeted a picture of nine members of a BBC Question Time audience and referred to them as "the Great Wall of Gammon".[12]

In 2018, there was some debate in the British media around whether the term was racist or ageist.[3][13] Actor and writer David Schneider has argued that it is a reaction to name-calling by some on the right, including terms like "snowflake, cuck, remoaner, libtard, beta, SJW and triggered".[14]

See also

  • Disgusted of Tunbridge Wells
  • Jingoism
  • Redneck

References

1. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/comment/comment/want-to-succeed-as-a-middleaged-modern-man-be-more-like-ronan-farrow-and-google-kendrick-lamar-a3819366.html|title=Want to succeed as a middle-aged modern man? Google Kendrick Lamar|work=Evening Standard|access-date=11 May 2018|language=en-GB}}
2. ^{{Cite news|url=http://metro.co.uk/2018/02/05/eu-really-plotting-switch-britain-berlin-time-final-brexit-insult-7287147/|title=Is the EU really plotting to switch Britain to ‘Berlin Time’?|date=5 February 2018|work=Metro|access-date=11 May 2018|language=en-GB}}
3. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/shortcuts/2018/may/14/is-it-offensive-to-call-ruddy-faced-middle-aged-tories-gammons|title=Is it offensive to call ruddy-faced middle-aged Tories 'gammons'?|date=14 May 2018|website=the Guardian|language=en|access-date=14 May 2018}}
4. ^{{Cite book|title=Dictionnaire Etymologique des Aglicismes et des Américanismes, Volume 3|last=Kurtz|first=Jean-Paul|publisher=Books on Demand|year=2013|isbn=|volume=3|location=|pages=1078|quote="In informal use, rosbifs is a label given by the French to the English. Indeed, when the English would go to the Cote d'Azur they had a habit of sunbathing, and their white skin would turn the colour of bloody roasted beef."}}
5. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/staggers/2018/05/turns-out-charles-dickens-invented-concept-gammon-1838|title=Turns out, Charles Dickens invented the concept of "gammon" in 1838|last=Elledge|first=Jonn|access-date=15 May 2018|website=The New Statesmen}}
6. ^{{Cite book|title=The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby|last=Dickens|first=Charles|publisher=Wordsworth|year=1995|isbn=9781554433629|location=|pages=184}}
7. ^Moran, Caitlin. 2012. Moranthology p.27
8. ^{{cite news|last1=Serhan|first1=Yasmeen|title=Pork Legs Are Shaking Up British Politics|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/05/is-gammon-racist/560507/|work=The Atlantic}}
9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.esquire.com/uk/culture/a20680090/gammon-insult-tories-racist-tweets/|title=Are You A Gammon? Decoding The Political Insult Of The Moment|date=14 May 2018|work=Esquire|access-date=15 May 2018|language=en-GB}}
10. ^{{cite news|last1=Sommerlad|first1=Joe|title=Gammon: Why is the term being used to insult Brexiteers and where does Charles Dickens come into it?|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/gammon-left-wing-political-insult-twitter-racism-debate-right-charles-dickens-a8352281.html|accessdate=15 May 2018|publisher=The Independent|date=15 May 2018}}
11. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.esquire.com/uk/culture/a20680090/gammon-insult-tories-racist-tweets/|title=Are You A Gammon? Decoding The Political Insult Of The Moment|date=14 May 2018|work=Esquire|access-date=15 May 2018|language=en-GB}}
12. ^{{Cite news|url=https://twitter.com/bendavis_86/status/872951456504172544?s=21|title=Ben Davis on Twitter|work=Twitter|access-date=2018-11-21|language=en}}
13. ^{{cite news|last1=Serhan|first1=Yasmeen|title=Pork Legs Are Shaking Up British Politics|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/05/is-gammon-racist/560507/|work=The Atlantic}}
14. ^{{cite news|last1=Sommerlad|first1=Joe|title=Gammon: Why is the term being used to insult Brexiteers and where does Charles Dickens come into it?|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/gammon-left-wing-political-insult-twitter-racism-debate-right-charles-dickens-a8352281.html|accessdate=15 May 2018|publisher=The Independent|date=15 May 2018}}

4 : Pejorative terms for people|Age-related stereotypes|Stereotypes of white men|Political terms in the United Kingdom
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