| 词条 | Gender-equality paradox |
| 释义 |
The gender-equality paradox is an unexpected finding that countries which promote gender equality tend to have less gender balance in fields such as science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM).[2][3] In Nordic countries, which have introduced quotas for board-level gender balance in businesses, the outcomes are still quite uneven, especially at the topmost level such as chief executive.[4][5][1] One hypothesis regarding the cause of this paradox is that in more gender-equal countries, people of all genders may feel more free to express themselves as individuals and would thus be less likely to succumb to outside influences when choosing a career path.[2] This theory suggests that there are inherent personality and aptitude differences among different genders.[2][3] To quantify the gender equality of a country, psychologists and social scientists often use a Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI) which relies on data from countries all over the world, even following sibling pairs from childhood into adulthood to incorporate both genetic and environmental factors in its model.[2] Several studies have confirmed the gender-equality paradox.[2][3] While such studies tend to use this same GGGI data to measure a country's gender equality, methodological problems are shown to be unlikely.[2] References1. ^FT (2018), Enlightened Norway's gender paradox at the top of business, Financial Times, 20 September 2018 [4][5][6][7]2. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite journal|last=Briley|first=Daniel A.|last2=Tucker-Drob|first2=Elliot M.|date=September 2014|title=Genetic and environmental continuity in personality development: a meta-analysis|journal=Psychological Bulletin|volume=140|issue=5|pages=1303–1331|doi=10.1037/a0037091|issn=1939-1455|pmc=4152379|pmid=24956122}} 3. ^1 {{Cite journal|last=Giolla|first=Erik Mac|last2=Kajonius|first2=Petri J.|title=Sex differences in personality are larger in gender equal countries: Replicating and extending a surprising finding|journal=International Journal of Psychology|language=en|volume=0|doi=10.1002/ijop.12529|pmid=30206941|issn=1464-066X|year=2018}} 4. ^1 {{citation |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/02/the-more-gender-equality-the-fewer-women-in-stem/553592/ |journal=The Atlantic |author=Olga Khazan |date=18 February 2018 |title=The More Gender Equality, the Fewer Women in STEM}} 5. ^1 {{citation |title=Sex differences in personality are larger in gender equal countries: Replicating and extending a surprising finding |journal=International Journal of Psychology|last1=Giolla|first1=Erik|last2=Kajonius|first2=Petri|doi=10.1002/ijop.12529|pmid=30206941|date=11 September 2018}} 6. ^1 {{citation |url=https://www.economist.com/business/2014/11/15/a-nordic-mystery |journal=The Economist |title=A Nordic mystery |author=Schumpeter |date=15 November 2014}} 7. ^1 {{citation |title=The Nordic Gender Equality Paradox |first=Nima |last=Sanandaji |authorlink=Nima Sanandaji |publisher=Timbro |year=2016 |isbn=9789177030126|title-link=The Nordic Gender Equality Paradox }} }} External links
2 : Gender equality|Gender roles |
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