“Gertrude Fiske”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Fiske was born in Boston and was the daughter of a prominent local lawyer. Before becoming an artist, she was a successful golfer.^[1] Fiske enrolled at the Boston Museum School sometime around 1904 where she studied with Edmund C. Tarbell, Frank Benson and Philip Hale.^[3] She also studied with Charles H. Woodbury in Ogunquit, Maine, and incorporated his recommendation to "paint in verbs not in nouns."^[4] Her early work was greatly influenced by this aesthetic, but she later moved in other directions. Fiske was a co-founder of the Guild of Boston Artists in 1914 and of the Boston Society of Etchers in 1917.^[5] Fiske was a well-established painter by the mid 1920s.^[6] In 1928 she was also a co-founder of the Ogunquit Art Association.^[5] During the Great Depression, Fiske maintained her full membership in the National Academy of Design.^[7]

Fiske was known for her strong depictions of women in traditional scenes, such as women in interiors, with power, instead of gentility and fragility.^[8]She included both men and women in her compositions, used bold colors, and was well respected for her likeness of male artists. She often portrayed distinctive New England characters (including florists, craftsmen, postmen, fishermen and clerics), in a style popular throughout the 1920s.^[9] Fiske also painted landscapes, including of Revere Beach, a stone quarry in Weston, MA, and the Navy Yard in Portsmouth, NH. Later works included the introduction and adoption of modern technologies such as the telephone and automobile. Selected compositions include The Window (1916), The Carpenter (about 1922), Sunday Afternoon (about 1925), and Jade (about 1930).^[10] Her sense of composition was considered "harmonious" and "warm."^[11] The Carpenter won the Thomas B. Clarke prize from the National Academy of Design.^[12]

Fiske's works have been exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, the Art Institute of Chicago, the National Academy of Design, the Corcoran Gallery,^[13] Cleveland Museum of Art,^[6] the Farnsworth Museum, the Rhode Island School of Design,^[6] and the Guild of Boston Artists. Prizes include the Shaw price for women artists (twice), the best figure composition (twice), the Proctor prize for portraiture from the National Academy of Design.^[9]

The artwork of Gertrude Fiske was the subject of the exhibition Gertrude Fiske: American Master, April to September 2018 at Discover Portsmouth, Portsmouth, NH. The show was organized by the Portsmouth Historical Society and curated by Lainey McCartney. Fiske, says McCartney, “challenged established stereotypes for women with her extraordinary talent, dignity, and work ethic. Painting during a time when conservative traditions and social roles were firmly set for women, Fiske forged her own path.”^[14]

References

1. ^¹²Erica E. Hirschler. A Studio of Her Own: Women Artists in Boston, 1870–1940. MFA Publications, 2001 (p179); Gertrude Fiske (1879–1961), Boston: Vose Galleries, 1987.
2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.mmefineart.com/artist/bio/index.php?aid=113|title=Gertrude Horsford Fiske|last=|first=|date=|website=MME Fine Art|publisher=|access-date=30 March 2016}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.vosegalleries.com/artists/gertrude-fiske|title=Gertrude Fiske|last=|first=|date=|website=Vose Galleries|publisher=|access-date=30 March 2016}}
4. ^Erica E. Hirschler. A Studio of Her Own: Women Artists in Boston, 1870–1940. MFA Publications, 2001 (p141).
5. ^¹{{Cite web|url=http://www.aaa.si.edu/collections/gertrude-fiske-papers-9681|title=Gertrude Fiske Papers, 1915–1986, 1915–1933|last=|first=|date=|website=Archives of American Art|publisher=Smithsonian|access-date=30 March 2016}}
6. ^¹²{{Cite web|url=http://www.nationalacademy.org/collections/artists/detail/112/|title=Gertrude Horsford Fiske|last=|first=|date=|website=National Academy Museum|publisher=|access-date=30 March 2016}}
7. ^{{Cite news|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/new-york/syracuse/syracuse-herald/1931/06-28/page-72?tag=gertrude+fiske&rtserp=tags/?pep=gertrude-fiske&pw=golf|title=Gertrude Fiske, N.A., Forsees Art Interest Quickened by Recent Troubles|last=Glass|first=J.P.|date=28 June 1931|work=Syracuse Herald|subscription=yes|access-date=30 March 2016|via=Newspaper Archive}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2144/13115|title=Gertrude Fiske (1879-1961). Images of Women: 1904-1935|last=Walker Aten|first=Carol|date=1990|website=Boston University: Open BU. Dissertations and Theses|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=May 14, 2018}}
9. ^¹{{Cite news|url=https://newspaperarchive.com/us/massachusetts/lowell/lowell-sun/1962/06-03/page-2?tag=gertrude+fiske&rtserp=tags/?pep=gertrude-fiske&pw=golf&page=2|title=Concord Shows Works of Gertrude Fiske|last=|first=|date=3 June 1962|work=Lowell Sun|subscription=yes|access-date=30 March 2016|via=Newspaper Archive}}
10. ^See Gertrude Fiske: Oil Paintings 1910–1928 (New York: Robert Schoelkopf Gallery, 1969).
11. ^{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=10 April 1915|title=Boston|jstor=25588576|journal=American Art News|volume=13|issue=27|page=7|doi=|pmid=|subscription=yes}}
12. ^{{Cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1922/03/26/103584686.pdf|title=Prize-Winning Pictures at the Academy of Design|last=|first=|date=26 March 1922|work=The New York Times|access-date=30 March 2016|via=}}
13. ^{{Cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1921/12/25/107039461.pdf|title=At the Corcoran Art Gallery|last=|first=|date=25 December 1921|work=The New York Times|access-date=30 March 2016|via=}}
14. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.themagazineantiques.com/article/gertrude-fiske-breaks-glass-ceiling-discover-portmouth/|title=Gertrude Fiske breaks the glass ceiling at Discover Portmouth - The Magazine Antiques|date=2018-04-03|work=The Magazine Antiques|access-date=2018-04-12|language=en-US}}
15. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PHH45aYubp4C&lpg=PA190&ots=yckqMiLGkn&dq=%22gertrude%20fiske%22%20%22cleveland%20museum%20of%20art%22&pg=PA190#v=onepage&q=%22gertrude%20fiske%22%20%22cleveland%20museum%20of%20art%22&f=false|title=Paintings and Sculpture in the Collection of the National Academy of Design|last=Dearinger|first=David Bernard|publisher=Hudson Hills|year=2004|isbn=9781555950293|location=|pages=190}}

References

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