词条 | 1973 Tour de France | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| name = 1973 Tour de France | image = Route of the 1973 Tour de France.png | image_caption = Route of the 1973 Tour de France | image_size = 360px | date = 30 June – 22 July | stages = 20 + Prologue, including six split stages | distance = 4090 | unit = km | time = 122h 25' 34" | speed = 33.918 | first = Luis Ocaña | first_nat = ESP | first_natvar = 1945 | first_team = {{ct|Bic|1973}} | first_color = yellow | second = Bernard Thévenet | second_nat = FRA | second_natvar = | second_team = {{ct|Peugeot|1973}} | third = José Manuel Fuente | third_nat = ESP | third_natvar = 1945 | third_team = {{ct|KAS|1973}} | points = Herman Van Springel | points_nat = BEL | points_natvar = | points_team = {{ct|Rokado|1973}} | points_color = green | mountains = Pedro Torres | mountains_nat = ESP | mountains_natvar = 1945 | mountains_team = La Casera–Peña Bahamontes | sprints = Marc Demeyer | sprints_nat = BEL | sprints_natvar = | sprints_team = {{ct|Flandria|1973}} | combination = Joop Zoetemelk | combination_nat = NED | combination_natvar = | combination_team = {{ct|Gitane–Frigécrème|1973}} | combination_color = white | team = {{ct|Bic|1973}} | teampoints = {{ct|Mercier|1973}} | combativity = Luis Ocaña | combativity_nat = ESP | combativity_team = {{ct|Bic|1973}} | previous = 1972 | next = 1974 }} The 1973 Tour de France was the 60th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It took place between 30 June and 22 July, with 20 stages covering a distance of {{convert|4090|km|0|abbr=on}}. Eddy Merckx, winner of the previous four editions, did not start the 1973 Tour, partly to avoid angry French fans and partly to please his sponsor; instead he rode and won the 1973 Vuelta a España and the 1973 Giro d'Italia. In his absence, Luis Ocaña dominated the race, winning with a margin of more than 15 minutes. In 1973, a new team classification was added: the team points classification, calculated by adding the three best stage rankings per team; it would be calculated until 1988. Teams{{main list|List of teams and cyclists in the 1973 Tour de France}}The Italian teams did not join the 1973 Tour de France, because no top French cyclist rode the 1973 Giro d'Italia.[1] The Tour started with 12 teams, each with 11 cyclists.[2] The teams entering the race were: {{div col|colwidth=20em}}
Pre-race favouritesThe winner of the previous four editions, Eddy Merckx had changed sponsors to the Italian Molteni. His contract said that he had to start in the 1973 Vuelta a España and the 1973 Giro d'Italia, and Merckx thought it was impossible to start in three grand tours in one year, so he stayed away from the Tour. Ocana, who was in great shape, was now the main favourite, with Fuente, Poulidor and Thevenet as his biggest threats.[2][3] Ocana was not the clear favorite; he had already crashed out of the Tour three times, and he was seen as fragile.[5][2] Zoetemelk had changed teams, because he did not have the full support of his team leader.[5] Among the Italian riders absent were world champion Marino Basso and former Tour winner Felice Gimondi.[1] Route and stagesAfter the 1972 Tour de France, there were rumours that the 1973 Tour would become easier, to suit French cyclist Cyrille Guimard better. However, when the 1973 Tour route was announced in December 1972, the organisation had included three more mountains compared to 1972.[4] The race started on 30 June, and had two rest days, in Divonne-les-Bains and Pyrénées 2000.{{sfn|Augendre|2016|p=64}}
Race overviewZoetemelk won the opening prologue, one second ahead of Poulidor. In the first part of the next stage, Teirlinck won and took over the lead. Ocana and Herman Van Springel fell down when a dog crossed the road, but both suffered no serious damage.[5] In the second part of that stage, Van Springel bridged the gap to Catieau, who had escaped. Van Springel did all the work to stay away, while Catieau did not help his team captain's rival. They stayed away until the end of the stage, where Catieau won the sprint, and Van Springel became the new race leader.[5] In the third stage, a group with Guimard and Ocana escaped. Van Springel, Zoetemelk, Fuentes, Thevenet and Poulidor were not in that group, and had to chase them. The group stayed away, Guimard won the sprint and Catieau became the race leader. More important for the final result was that Ocana won more than two minutes on Zoetemelk, and more than seven minutes on Fuente.[5][6] In stage seven, when the first mountains were climbed, Ocana attacked, and only Zoetemelk could follow. A few kilometers from the summit, Zoetemelk had to let Ocana go, and Ocana finished solo. Ocana became the new race leader, almost three minutes ahead of Zoetemelk.[5] In the eighth stage, Ocana and Fuente both attacked. Ocana and Fuente did not like each other, and when Fuente stopped working, Ocana was angry, especially when Fuente passed him just before the top of the Izoard to steal the points for the mountain classification. When Fuente had a flat tire, Ocana did not wait for him, and left him behind, beating him by one minute at the finish line. All the others were far behind: Thevenet and Martinez followed after seven minutes, the other pre-race favourites after twenty minutes.[5][7] In the thirteenth stage, Poulidor crashed, and was taken away with a helicopter.[5] In the sixteenth stage, the cyclists were slower than expected, and finished one hour after the latest time schedule. The train that they should have taken had already left, and they had to use buses.[5] In the time trial in stage 17, Fuente lost his second place in the general classification to Thevenet. Fuente tried to take it back in the mountain stage 18, but he failed and even lost some time.[8] DopingThree cyclists tested positive during the 1973 Tour de France:
All three received a fine of 1000 Swiss Francs, one-month suspension and ten minutes penalty time in the general classification. Classification leadershipThere were several classifications in the 1973 Tour de France, three of them awarding jerseys to their leaders. The most important was the general classification, calculated by adding each cyclist's finishing times on each stage. The cyclist with the least accumulated time was the race leader, identified by the yellow jersey; the winner of this classification is considered the winner of the Tour.[12] Additionally, there was a points classification, where cyclists got points for finishing among the best in a stage finish, or in intermediate sprints. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, and was identified with a green jersey.[12] There was also a mountains classification. The organisation had categorized some climbs as either first, second, third, or fourth-category; points for this classification were won by the first cyclists that reached the top of these climbs first, with more points available for the higher-categorized climbs. The cyclist with the most points lead the classification, but was not identified with a jersey in 1973.[12] Another classification was the combination classification. This classification was calculated as a combination of the other classifications, its leader wore the white jersey.[13] The fifth individual classification was the intermediate sprints classification. This classification had similar rules as the points classification, but only points were awarded on intermediate sprints. In 1973, this classification had no associated jersey.[14] For the team classification, the times of the best three cyclists per team on each stage were added; the leading team was the team with the lowest total time. The riders in the team that lead this classification were identified by yellow caps.{{sfn|Nauright|Parrish|2012|p=455}} For the first time, there was also a team points classification. Cyclists received points according to their finishing position on each stage, with the first rider receiving one point. The first three finishers of each team had their points combined, and the team with the fewest points led the classification. The riders of the team leading this classification wore green caps.{{sfn|Nauright|Parrish|2012|p=455}} The combativity award was given to Luis Ocana.{{sfn|Augendre|2016|p=64}}
Final standings
General classification
Points classification
Mountains classification
Combination classification
Intermediate sprints classification
Team classification
Team points classification
Notes1. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.archiefleeuwardercourant.nl/vw/article.do?id=NVHN-19730604-AE0021012&vw=org|date=4 June 1973|language=Dutch|title=Italianen mijden Tour de France|publisher=De krant van toen|work=Nieuwsblad van het Noorden|page=21|accessdate=18 March 2011}} 2. ^1 {{cite news|last=Fotheringham|first=Alasdair|author-link=Alasdair Fotheringham|title=Another Tour of Absences: Tour de France 1973|url=http://www.cyclingnews.com/features/another-tour-of-absences-tour-de-france-1973/|access-date=5 March 2019|work=Cyclingnews.com|publisher=Immediate Media Company|date=30 July 2014}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1947_1977/tdf1973.php|publisher=Mémoire du cyclisme|title=60ème Tour de France 1973|language=French|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322022427/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/eta_tdf_1947_1977/tdf1973.php|archive-date=2012-03-22|access-date=26 September 2016|df=dmy-all|dead-url=yes}} 4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.archiefleeuwardercourant.nl/vw/article.do?id=LC-19721214-29007&vw=org|date=14 December 1972|language=Dutch|title=Tour de France 1973 wordt zwaar karwei|publisher=De krant van toen|work=Leeuwarder Courant|page=29|accessdate=18 March 2011}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html#1973 |title=Tour de France GC top ten |first=Arian |last=Zwegers |publisher=CVCC |accessdate=31 August 2010 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5hQnRPAvL?url=http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/top_ten.html |archivedate=10 June 2009 |deadurl=yes |df=dmy }} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/dossiers/dos_1973_3.php |title=Luis Ocaña sur le pavés de Querenaing - Tour de France 1973 |language=French |accessdate=18 March 2011 |date=23 November 2008 |publisher=Mémoire du cyclisme |author=Béoutis, Didier |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915001845/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/dossiers/dos_1973_3.php |archivedate=15 September 2011 |df=dmy }} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/dossiers/dos_1973_8.php |title=Luis Ocaña écrase le Tour - Tour de France 1973 |date=23 November 2008 |language=French |accessdate=18 March 2011 |publisher=Mémoire du cyclisme |author=Béoutis, Didier |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110914101122/http://www.memoire-du-cyclisme.net/dossiers/dos_1973_8.php |archivedate=14 September 2011 |df=dmy }} 8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V8mlwItBhhcC&pg=PA73|pages=73–81|title=The Story of the Tour De France: 1965-2007|first=Bill|last=McGann|author2=McGann, Carol|publisher=Dog Ear Publishing|year= 2008|isbn= 1-59858-608-4| accessdate= 18 March 2011 }} 9. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.archiefleeuwardercourant.nl/vw/article.do?id=NVHN-19730716-AE0013004&vw=org|date=16 July 1973|language=Dutch|title=Hoban betrapt|publisher=De krant van toen|work=Nieuwsblad van het noorden|page=19|accessdate=18 March 2011}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.archiefleeuwardercourant.nl/vw/article.do?id=LC-19730720-19002&vw=org|date=20 July 1973|language=Dutch|title=Tweede dopinggeval in Tour de France|publisher=De krant van toen|work=Leeuwarder courant|page=19|accessdate=18 March 2011}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.archiefleeuwardercourant.nl/vw/article.do?id=LC-19730724-13003&vw=org|date=24 July 1973|language=Dutch|title=Dopinggeval|publisher=De krant van toen|work=Leeuwarder courant|page=13|accessdate=18 March 2011}} 12. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.roadcycling.co.nz/TourdeFrance/tour-de-france-demystified-part-1.html |title=Tour de France demystified - Evaluating success |first=Sarah |last=Christian |date=2 July 2009 |accessdate=27 April 2012 |publisher=RoadCycling.co.nz Ltd |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130209134934/http://www.roadcycling.co.nz/TourdeFrance/tour-de-france-demystified-part-1.html |archivedate=9 February 2013 |df= }} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/eddy/xtra_bestanden/other.htm|title=Tour Xtra: Other Classifications & Awards|first=Eddy van der|last=Mark|accessdate=25 April 2012|publisher=Chippewa Valley Cycling Club}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cvccbike.com/tour/eddy/xtra_bestanden/combativity.htm|title=Tour Xtra: Intermediate Sprints Classification|first=Eddy van der|last=Mark|accessdate=28 April 2012|publisher=Chippewa Valley Cycling Club}} 15. ^{{cite news|url=http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19730723&id=GVA-19730723-01018001|title=De Ronde in cijfers|language=Dutch|trans-title=The Tour in numbers|date=23 July 1973|accessdate=16 April 2018|work=Gazet van Antwerpen|publisher=Concentra}} 16. ^{{cite web|last=van den Akker|first=Pieter|title=Informatie over de Tour de France van 1973|trans-title=Information about the Tour de France from 1973|url=http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1973|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302050950/http://www.tourdefrancestatistieken.nl/tour.php?jaar=1973|archivedate=2 March 2019|language=Dutch|website=TourDeFranceStatistieken.nl|accessdate=2 March 2019|dead-url=no}} 17. ^{{cite news|last=Cunningham|first=Josh|title=History of the Tour de France jerseys|url=http://www.cyclist.co.uk/in-depth/1409/history-of-the-tour-de-france-jerseys|accessdate=2 October 2016|work=Cyclist|publisher=Dennis Publishing|date=4 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161026180408/http://www.cyclist.co.uk/in-depth/1409/history-of-the-tour-de-france-jerseys|archive-date=26 October 2016|dead-url=no}} 18. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|url=http://hemeroteca.elmundodeportivo.es/preview/1973/07/23/pagina-19/989428/pdf.html|title=Clasificaciones oficiales|date=23 July 1973|page=19|language=Spanish|work=El Mundo Deportivo|accessdate=18 August 2011}} 19. ^{{cite news|url=http://krantenarchief.concentra.be/vw/article.do?code=GVA&date=19730723&id=GVA-19730723-01018011|date=23 July 1973|accessdate=16 April 2018|title=Noteer ook...|work=Gazet van Antwerpen|page=18|publisher=Concentra}} References{{Reflist|30em}}Bibliography
External links{{commons category-inline|Tour de France 1973|1973 Tour de France}}{{Cycling stage recaps|1973 Tour de France|P|10|11|20b}}{{Tour de France}}{{DEFAULTSORT:1973 Tour De France}} 7 : 1973 Tour de France|1973 in cycle racing|1973 in French sport|Tour de France by year|1973 in Dutch sport|June 1973 sports events in Europe|July 1973 sports events in Europe |
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