| 词条 | 1974 Newham South by-election |
| 释义 |
| election_name = Newham South by-election | type = presidential | country = United Kingdom | seats_for_election = Newham South parliamentary seat | ongoing = no | previous_election = United Kingdom general election, February 1974 | previous_year = February 1974 | next_election = United Kingdom general election, October 1974 | next_year = October 1974 | election_date = 23 May 1974 | candidate1 = Nigel Spearing | image1 = | party1 = Labour Party (UK) | popular_vote1 = 9,321 | percentage1 = 62.6% | candidate2 = Ivor Shipley | image2 = | party2 = Liberal Party (UK) | popular_vote2 = 1,862 | percentage2 = 12.5% | candidate3 = Michael Lobb | image3 = | party3 = National Front (UK) | popular_vote3 = 1,713 | percentage3 = 11.5% | candidate4 = Frank Fox | image4 = | party4 = Conservative Party (UK) | popular_vote4 = 1,651 | percentage4 = 11.1% | title = MP | posttitle = Subsequent MP | before_election = Elwyn Jones | before_party = Labour Party (UK) | after_election = Nigel Spearing | after_party = Labour Party (UK) }} The Newham South by-election was a by-election held on 23 May 1974 for the British House of Commons constituency of Newham South. It was triggered when Elwyn Jones, the constituency's Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP), was appointed as Lord Chancellor and subsequently awarded a life peerage. The by-election occurred soon after the February 1974 general election, and indeed proved to be the only by-election of the Parliament, the next general election being held in October. Given that there was a hung parliament, and at the time of the by-election a general election was thought likely, any changes in the share of the vote between the main parties could have given a guide as to the likely future government. Created for the February general election, the constituency was regarded as a safe Labour seat. Jones had won a majority of more than 50%,[1] and had held the predecessor seat of West Ham South since its creation at the 1950 general election. In February, the Liberal Party and Conservative Party had each shared around one eighth of the vote, while the far right National Front had achieved one of their best results in the country, taking 6.9%. Labour chose Nigel Spearing as its candidate; previously the MP for Acton, he had lost his seat at the February election. The Liberals, Conservatives and National Front all fielded the same candidates who had stood in February, hoping to build on their performance. An "independent Labour" candidate also stood. The election campaign was dominated by the impending general election, and by the threat posed by the National Front. ResultsSpearing achieved an easy victory, although his vote dropped slightly from the February election. The Liberal and Conservative votes both dropped slightly, while despite a strong anti-fascist campaign, the National Front picked up votes to finish third, ahead of the Conservatives. The Conservatives had not finished fourth in an English by-election since World War II and did not do so again until Bermondsey in 1983. At the October general election, Spearing held the seat with an increased majority. The Conservatives and Liberals failed to gain ground, while the National Front began to fall back. Spearing held the seat until it was abolished in 1997. Votes{{Election box begin | title=Newham South by-election 1974[2]}}{{Election box candidate with party link||party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Nigel Spearing |votes = 9,321 |percentage = 62.6 |change = - 3.4 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Ivor Shipley |votes = 1,862 |percentage = 12.5 |change = - 2.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = National Front (UK) |candidate = Michael Lobb |votes = 1,713 |percentage = 11.5 |change = + 4.6 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Frank Fox |votes = 1,651 |percentage = 11.1 |change = - 1.1 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Independent Labour |candidate = Sydney South |votes = 332 |percentage = 2.2 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 7,459 |percentage = 50.1 |change = - 1.2 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | title=General Election February 1974: Newham South}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Elwyn Jones |votes = 23,952 |percentage = 66.1 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Ivor Shipley |votes = 5,369 |percentage = 14.8 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Frank Fox |votes = 4,422 |percentage = 12.2 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = National Front (UK) |candidate = Michael Lobb |votes = 2,511 |percentage = 6.9 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 18,583 |percentage = 51.3 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 63.2 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}} References1. ^UK Election Results: February 1974 {{By-elections to the 46th UK Parliament}}2. ^{{cite web|url=http://by-elections.co.uk/74.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314034554/http://by-elections.co.uk/74.html|title=1974 By Election Results|archive-date=2012-03-14|dead-url=yes|access-date=2015-09-17}} 5 : By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in London constituencies|1974 elections in the United Kingdom|Elections in the London Borough of Newham|1974 in London|May 1974 events in Europe |
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