| 词条 | Goniothalamus macrophyllus |
| 释义 |
|genus = Goniothalamus |species = macrophyllus |authority = (Blume) Zoll. |synonyms = Goniothalamus forbesii Baker f. Goniothalamus macrophyllus var. kerrii Bân Goniothalamus macrophyllus var. lanceolatus Bân Polyalthia macrophylla (Blume) Blume Unona macrophylla Blume }}Goniothalamus macrophyllus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Borneo, Java, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Thailand.[1] It is commonly called Penawar Hitam in the Malaya Peninsula, Ki Cantung in Indonesia, Limpanas Putih in Brunei, and Chin Dok Diao in Thailand and has been reported to be used as a traditional medicine for a variety of ailments.[2] However, bioactive compounds extracted from its roots have been reported to cytotoxic activity in tests with cultured human cancer cells.[3][4] DescriptionIt is a bush reaching 5 to 15 feet in height. It has leathery oblong leaves, 10-18 by 2.5-4.5 inches, that come to a point at their tip. It has solitary green flowers. Its sepals are oval with purple highlights and 0.65 inches long. Its outer petals are 1 to 1.5 inches long. Its inner petals are 0.5 to 0.75 inches long with fringed edges. It has numerous stamens.[5] Reproductive biologyThe pollen of G. macrophyllus is shed as permanent tetrads.[6] References1. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:73215-1|title= Goniothalamus macrophyllus (Blume) Zoll.|author= |date=n.d. |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=January 20, 2019}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q15359101}}{{Annonaceae-stub}}2. ^{{cite journal |last1=Salam |first1=Faridah |last2=Zamharir Ahmad |first2=Muhammad |last3=Soh Mamat |first3=Awang |last4=Syarhabil Ahmad |first4=Muhammad |last5=Shahzad Aslam |first5=Muhammad |title=Goniothalamus: Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Review |journal=Recent Advances in Biology and Medicine |volume=02 |year=2016 |pages=34 |issn=2378-654X|doi=10.18639/RABM.2016.02.292264}} 3. ^{{cite journal|last1=Alabsi|first1=Aied Mohammed |last2=Ali |first2=Rola |last3=Ali |first3=Abdul Manaf |last4=Harun |first4=Hazlan |last5=Al-Dubai |first5=Sami Abdo Radman |last6=Ganasegeran |first6=Kurubaran |last7=Alshagga |first7=Mustafa Ahmed |last8=Salem |first8=Sameer Dirhim |last9=Kasim |first9=Noor Hayaty Binti Abu |title=Induction of Caspase-9, Biochemical Assessment and Morphological Changes Caused by Apoptosis in Cancer Cells Treated with Goniothalamin Extracted from Goniothalamus macrophyllus |journal=Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention |volume=14 |issue=11 |year=2013 |pages=6273–6280 |issn=1513-7368 |doi=10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.11.6273}} 4. ^{{cite journal |last1=Abdullah |first1=Norkamilah |last2=Sahibul-Anwar |first2=Hamidah |last3=Ideris |first3=Sharinah |last4=Hasuda |first4=Tomoyo |last5=Hitotsuyanagi |first5=Yukio |last6=Takeya |first6=Koichi |last7=Diederich |first7=Marc |last8=Choo |first8=CheeYan |title=Goniolandrene A and B from Goniothalamus macrophyllus |journal=Fitoterapia |volume=88 |year=2013 |pages=1–6 |issn=0367-326X |doi=10.1016/j.fitote.2013.03.028}} 5. ^{{cite book |last=King |first=George |date=1893 |title=Annals of the Royal Botanic Garden, Calcutta |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/85005 |volume=4 |location=Calcutta |publisher=Bengal Secretariat Book Depot}} 6. ^{{cite journal|last1=Saunders|first1=Richard M. K.|last2=Chalermglin|first2=Piya|title=A synopsis of Goniothalamus species (Annonaceae) in Thailand, with descriptions of three new species|journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society|volume=156|issue=3|year=2008|pages=355–384|issn=0024-4074|doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00762.x}} 6 : Goniothalamus|Flora of Java|Flora of Malaya|Flora of Sumatra|Flora of Thailand|Traditional medicine |
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