| 词条 | Graded numerical sequence |
| 释义 |
A graded numerical sequence, sometimes called an n/n+1 saying, is a literary form employed in the Hebrew Bible. It is found especially in Proverbs, Job, and Amos, and is used to list attributes, compare items, and catalogue sins. Examples{{col-begin}}{{col-break}}{{quotation|There are six things which the Lord hates, Yes, seven which are an abomination to Him: Haughty eyes, a lying tongue, And hands that shed innocent blood, A heart that devises wicked plans, Feet that run rapidly to evil, A false witness who utters lies, And one who spreads strife among brothers.|Proverbs 6:19-19 (NASB)}} {{col-break}}{{quotation|There are three things which are too wonderful for me, Four which I do not understand: The way of an eagle in the sky, The way of a serpent on a rock, The way of a ship in the middle of the sea, And the way of a man with a maid.|Proverbs 30:18-19 (NASB)}} {{col-break}}{{quotation|Thus says the Lord,"For three transgressions of Judah and for four I will not revoke its punishment, Because they rejected the law of the Lord And have not kept His statutes; Their lies also have led them astray, Those after which their fathers walked. "So I will send fire upon Judah And it will consume the citadels of Jerusalem."|Amos 2:4-5 (NASB)}} {{col-end}}Use and meaningThis form is used in Ugaritic literature, but not in Ancient Egyptian literature.[1] It occurs 38 times in the Old Testament,[2] as well as in Ecclesiasticus and Sirach.[3] Graeme Goldsworthy suggests that this formula "points to the open-ended nature of the list, thus inviting the perceptive person to supply further items."[4] Wilfred Watson notes that the graded numerical sequence is sometimes used for climactic effect, as in Proverbs 30:20.[5]References1. ^{{cite book|last1=Day|first1=John|author-link=John Day (Old Testament scholar)|title=Wisdom in Ancient Israel|date=1998|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=64|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bHJYcVlrcfcC&pg=PA64|accessdate=13 October 2015}} 2. ^{{cite journal|last1=Roth|first1=Wolfgang M. W.|author-link=Wolfgang Roth|title=Numerical sequence x/x+1 in the Old Testament|journal=Vetus Testamentum|date=1962|volume=12|issue=3|page=301}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Towner|first1=Wayne Sibley|title=The Rabbinic "Enumeration of Scriptural Examples": A Study of a Rabbinic Pattern of Discourse With Special Reference to Mekhilta D'R. Ishmael|date=1973|publisher=Brill|page=7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PacHnC7mvQUC&pg=PA7|accessdate=13 October 2015}} 4. ^{{cite book|last1=Goldsworthy|first1=Graeme|author-link=Graeme Goldsworthy|title=The Goldsworthy Trilogy|date=2000|publisher=Paternoster Press|page=423}} 5. ^{{cite book|last1=Watson|first1=Wilfred G. E.|title=Classical Hebrew Poetry: A Guide to Its Techniques|date=2004|publisher=A & C Black|page=148|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fe-b24kbQQMC&pg=PA148|accessdate=13 October 2015}} 1 : Hebrew Bible |
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