| 词条 | 1989 Iranian constitutional referendum | ||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Constitution amendment referendum | title = Do you approve the amendments to the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran? | location = Iran | date = {{Start date|1989|07|28}} | yes = 16025459 | no = 398867 | total = 16456771 | electorate = 30139598[1] | other = | othertype = Blank or invalid | turnoutpct = 54.51[1] | notes = }} A constitutional referendum was held in Iran on 28 July 1989, alongside presidential elections. Approved by 97.6% of voters,[2] It was the first and so far only time the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been amended. It made several changes to articles 5, 107, 109, 111, and added article 176. It eliminated the need for the Supreme Leader (rahbar) of the country to be a marja or chosen by popular acclaim,[3] it eliminated the post of prime minister, and it created a Supreme National Security Council. BackgroundOn 24 April 1989 while on his deathbed, Ayatollah Khomeini appointed a 25-man "Council for the Revision of the Constitution" ({{lang-fa|شورای بازنگری قانون اساسی|Šurā-ye bāznegari-e qānun-e asāsi}}). The council named Ali Khamenei as Khomeini's successor as Supreme Leader of Iran and drew up several amendments to the original constitution. Since the senior mujtahid or Marja of Iran had given only lukewarm support to Khomeini's principle of rule by Islamic jurist, and Khamenei was not a marja, the original prerequisite that the rahbar (leader) be "a paramount faqih" (i.e. one of these marja) was dropped from the constitution.[4] Some changes to the constitution introduced by the Reform Council include:
The amendments were approved by Iranian voters and became law on 28 July 1989.[5] Members of the council{{Politics of Iran}}This is a list of members of Constitutional Amendment Council of Iran, appointed by Ayatollah Khomeini, who reviewed and amended the Constitution of Iran in 1989:
Results
References1. ^1 {{Citation|title=Referenda|work = The Iran Social Science Data Portal |publisher = Princeton University|url=http://irandataportal.syr.edu/referenda|accessdate= 10 August 2015}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|first1=Dieter|last1=Nohlen|author-link1=Dieter Nohlen||first2=Florian|last2=Grotz|first3=Christof |last3=Hartmann |year=2001|title=Elections in Asia: A Data Handbook|chapter=Iran|publisher=Oxford University Press|volume=I|page=72|isbn=0-19-924958-X}} 3. ^Moin, Baqer, Khomeini, (2001), p.293 4. ^Abrahamian, History of Modern Iran, (2008), p.182 5. ^Iran - Constitution External links
7 : Referendums in Iran|History of the Islamic Republic of Iran|1989 referendums|1989 in Iran|1989 elections in Asia|Constitutional referendums|Constitutional amendments |
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