| 词条 | Hadopyrgus ngataana |
| 释义 |
| image = | image_caption = | status = NC | status_system = NZTCS | status_ref = [1] | genus = Hadopyrgus | species = ngataana | authority = Haase, 2008[1] | synonyms = *Hydrobiidae sp. 33 (M.174154) }} Hadopyrgus ngataana is a tiny, transparent, and critically endangered freshwater snail, found only in a single stream in a cave in New Zealand. HabitatThis snail has only been found in one spot: in one pool, in a stream at the entrance of Maitai Cave, in the Maitai River Valley southeast of Nelson. It is one of a group of very small, blind, transparent freshwater snails found in caves or underground streams,[2] especially in Northwest Nelson, and like many of these species has evolved in just one small area.[3] TaxonomyThe tiny (1.7 x 1.2 mm)[4] snail was discovered by Frank Climo in the 1970s, but was considered to be just one form of another subterranean Hadopyrgus snail found in the Nelson area.[2][7] In 2001 Martin Haase and Christina Mosimann collected more specimens from Maitai Cave by washing and sieving gravel, and using both morphological and genetic evidence realised these belonged to a distinct species.[5] They scientifically described and named it Hadopyrgus ngataana in 2008;[1] the name they chose, ngataana, comes from the Māori words ngata (snail or slug) and ana (cave).[6] Conservation statusIn November 2018 the Department of Conservation classified H. ngataana as Nationally Critical, using the New Zealand Threat Classification System.[7] The species meets the Nationally Critical criteria because it is found in just one location, and occupies a total area of less than 1 hectare.[7] Because Maitai Cave is a popular recreational area, and the stream the species has evolved in is so small, the population of this critically endangered snail is expected to decline.[7] While it is possible for freshwater invertebrates to be legally protected under the Wildlife Amendment Act 1980, neither H. ngataana nor any other New Zealand freshwater invertebrate has been protected.[8] References1. ^1 {{cite journal|last1=Haase|first1=Martin|title=The radiation of hydrobiid gastropods in New Zealand: A revision including the description of new species based on morphology and mtDNA sequence information|journal=Systematics and Biodiversity|date=2008|volume=6|issue=1|pages=99–159|doi=10.1017/S1477200007002630}} 2. ^1 {{Cite journal|title = Description and affinities of the subterranean molluscan fauna of New Zealand|journal = New Zealand Journal of Zoology|date = 1974|issn = 0301-4223|pages = 247–284|volume = 1|issue = 3|doi = 10.1080/03014223.1974.9517834|first = F. M.|last = Climo}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Collier|first1=Kevin|title=Revealing the diversity of New Zealand hydrobiid snails|url=https://www.niwa.co.nz/aquatic-biodiversity-and-biosecurity/update/issue-07-2004/revealing-the-diversity-of-new-zealand-hydrobiid-snails|publisher=NIWA|accessdate=21 October 2015|date=28 February 2007}} 4. ^{{cite web|title = Hadopyrgus ngataana Haase, 2008|url = http://www.mollusca.co.nz/speciesdetail.php?speciesid=2785&species=Hadopyrgus%20ngataana|website = New Zealand Mollusca|accessdate = 21 October 2015}} 5. ^{{Cite web|title = Object: Freshwater snail, Hadopyrgus ngataana Haase, 2008; holotype {{!}} Collections Online - Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa|url = http://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/object/642777|website = collections.tepapa.govt.nz|accessdate = 2015-10-21}} 6. ^1 {{cite news|last1 = Arnold|first1 = Naomi|title = New Zealand's loneliest snail that calls Nelson's Maitai Caves home|url = http://www.stuff.co.nz/environment/73234748/new-zealands-loneliest-snail-that-calls-nelsons-maitai-caves-home|accessdate = 11 December 2015|agency = |publisher = Fairfax Media|date = 11 December 2015|newspaper = Nelson Mail}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal|last=Grainger|first=N.|last2=Harding|first2=J.|last3=Drinan|first3=T.|last4=Collier|first4=K.|last5=Smith|first5=B.|last6=Death|first6=R.|last7=Makan|first7=T.|last8=Rolfe|first8=J.|date=November 2018|title=Conservation status of New Zealand freshwater invertebrates, 2018|url=https://www.doc.govt.nz/globalassets/documents/science-and-technical/nztcs28entire.pdf|journal=New Zealand Threat Classification Series|publisher=|volume=28|pages=1–29|via=Department of Conservation}} 8. ^{{Citation |last=Miskelly |first=Colin |title=Legal protection of New Zealand's indigenous aquatic fauna–an historical review |journal=Tuhinga |volume=27 |year=2016 |page=84 |url=http://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/publication/download/386421/MA_DOC001687.pdf |accessdate= }} External links{{Wikispecies|Hadopyrgus ngataana}}
6 : Tateidae|Gastropods described in 2008|Endangered biota of New Zealand|Gastropods of New Zealand|Nelson, New Zealand|Endemic fauna of New Zealand |
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