| 词条 | Hannah Slater |
| 释义 |
Early lifeSlater grew up in a Quaker family in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, with two sisters, five brothers and parents Lydia and Oziel.[4][7] Her father was a successful businessman and business partner of Moses Brown, who was in turn in business with Samuel Slater, an industrialist. Brown recommended the Wilkinson home as a suitable place for Samuel Slater to board when he arrived in the area in early 1790. At the time, Hannah was 15 years old.[7] Oziel and Lydia were initially against Hannah marrying someone who was not a Quaker; however they relented and on October 2, 1791, Hannah and Samuel were married.[4] In the same year, Samuel opened his own mill in the area and began to build machinery for manufacturing textiles, modeled after the machines he was familiar with in England.[5] This mill has been preserved as a historical site and is known as the Slater Mill Historic Site.{{cn|date=May 2018}} Adult lifeInventionIn 1793, Samuel Slater showed Hannah some very smooth yarn he had spun from long staple Surinam cotton. He intended to use it to produce cloth; however, Hannah and her sister used a hand spinning wheel to spin it into thread,[6] and the resultant thread proved to be stronger than linen thread.[7] The same year, Hannah applied to the U.S. Patent Office for a patent for an invention - a new method of producing sewing thread from cotton.[8] The patent was issued in the name of "Mrs Samuel Slater".[9] Community workSlater was active in religious and welfare organisations in the Pawtucket community, such as the creation of a village Sunday School, and in 1809 a Female Beneficent Society. Slater was treasurer for the society and her sister Lydia was one of its directors.[7] FamilySlater gave birth to 10 children, four of whom died in infancy or childhood. The known children and their years of birth are William (b. 1796), Elizabeth (b. 1798), Mary (b. 1801), Samuel (b. 1802), George (b. 1804), John (b. 1805), Horatio (b. 1808), William (b. 1809) and Thomas (b. 1812).[4] Slater died in 1812 about two weeks after the birth of her last child, from complications of childbirth. She was 37 years old.[4] Her husband wrote in his memoirs that after her death "the poor lamented her, whose charities and kindness they had experienced".[4] Slater was buried at Mineral Spring Cemetery.[7] References1. ^{{Cite book|title=A Stitch in Time: The Needlework of Aging Women in Antebellum America|last=Newell|first=Aimee|publisher=Ohio University Press|year=2014|isbn=978-0-8214-2052-2|location=|pages=120|via=}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Slater, Hannah}}2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/feature/women-inventors/|title=Women Inventors {{!}} History Detectives {{!}} PBS|website=www.pbs.org|access-date=2016-08-10}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/meet-mary-kies-americas-first-woman-become-patent-holder-180959008/?no-ist|title=Meet Mary Kies, America’s First Woman to Become a Patent Holder|last=Blakemore|first=Erin|access-date=2016-08-11}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite book|title=Memoir of Samuel Slater|last=White|first=George Savage|publisher=|year=1967|isbn=|location=|pages=|via=}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.inventricity.com/#!hannah-slater-inventor/cayr|title=Inventricity.com {{!}} UK/International – help and advice for inventors|website=Inventricity.com {{!}} UK/International – help and advice for inventors|access-date=2016-08-10}} 6. ^{{Cite book|title=Clues in the Calico: A Guide to Identifying and Dating Antique Quilts|last=Brackman|first=Barbara|publisher=C & T Publishing|year=2009|isbn=978-1-57120-918-4|location=Lafayette, California|pages=50|via=}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite book|title=Ingenious Machinists: Two Inventive Lives from the American Industrial Revolution|last=Connors|first=Anthony|publisher=State University of New York Press|year=2014|isbn=978-1-4384-5401-6|location=New York, U.S.|pages=216|via=}} 8. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.womenhistoryblog.com/2016/01/first-women-inventors.html|title=First Women Inventors {{!}} History of American Women|website=www.womenhistoryblog.com|access-date=2016-08-10}} 9. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://blogs.britannica.com/2011/03/10-key-dates-womens-history-early-modern-period/|title=10 Key Dates in Women’s History: The Early Modern Period {{!}} Britannica Blog|website=blogs.britannica.com|access-date=2016-08-10}} 8 : 1774 births|1812 deaths|18th-century Quakers|19th-century Quakers|American inventors|American patent holders|Deaths in childbirth|People from Pawtucket, Rhode Island |
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