| 词条 | Harry Buckwalter |
| 释义 |
| name = Harry Buckwalter | image = Harry_Buckwalter_1894.jpg | birth_name = Harry Hale Buckwalter | birth_date = {{Birth date|1867|11|01}} | birth_place = Reading, Pennsylvania | death_date = {{Death date and age|1930|3|7|1867|11|01}} | death_place = | nationality = American | spouse = Carrie Emmajean Fuller | occupation = {{hlist|Photographer|Photojournalist|Film director }} }} Harry Hale Buckwalter (November 1, 1867 – March 7, 1930), sometimes credited as Harry H. Buckwalter or Henry H. Buckwalter, was an American photographer, journalist, photojournalist, and silent film director and producer. BiographyHarry Hale Buckwalter was born in Reading, Pennsylvania to Andrew Collins and Mary Elizabeth (Ritter) Buckwalter. He left for the American West at the age of 16. In Colorado Springs he met his future wife, Carrie Emmajean Fuller, born in New York in 1868, whom he married in 1889. They moved to Denver and had two children, John in 1894 and Margaret in 1899.[1][2] In 1892, he became interested in photography and began his career at The Denver Republican as a printer and then as a reporter and photographer at the Rocky Mountain News of Denver, the first daily newspaper founded in Colorado. His photos were first reproduced by artists using wood block illustrations then later in halftone as printing technology in the region advanced.[3] In 1894, Buckwalter teamed with balloonist Ivy Baldwin for a series of aerial photographs of Colorado. Baldwin's balloon was not capable of lifting both men, so Buckwalter made a solo ascent launching from Elitch Gardens in Denver. His article "Dancing in the Air" and photographs of the experience was one of the first examples of photojournalism in the American West.[4][5] In 1895, Buckwalter took interest in X-ray technology, after its discovery by professor Wilhelm Röntgen earlier that year. Sponsored by the Rocky Mountain News, Buckwalter partnered with physician C.{{nbsp}}E.{{nbsp}}Tennant and the Homeopathic Medical College of Denver on a series of X-ray photograph experiments. For the experiment Buckwalter produced X-ray tubes locally using leaded glass which was previously thought to be unsuitable, but the experiment proved that leaded tubes could produce a clear image.[6] The X-ray images were the first produced in the American West and among the earliest in the country.[1][7] After the Rocky Mountain News published the results of the experiment, Buckwalter and Tennant were contacted by attorneys Ben Lindsey and Fred W. Parks to examine a client in a malpractice lawsuit with the new technology. The lawsuit represented James Smith who fractured his leg after falling from a ladder. Smith was examined by Doctor W. W. Grant who misdiagnose the fracture insisting the leg was merely stiff, instead of immobilizing the limb he prescribed exercises which exasperated the injury. Case number 24159 was heard in the District Court of Arapahoe County (now Denver), on December 2, 1896, by Judge Owen Le Fevre who allowed Buckwalter and Tennant to testify as expert witnesses and present their findings. The defense objected unsuccessfully to the court arguing X-rays were the "testimony of a ghost". The X-rays along with the testimony of Buckwalter and Tennant proved that there was a fracture in the leg. The landmark case marked the first time that X-ray evidence was admitted into a court of law.[8] Buckwalter began making travelogues for railway companies documenting the scenes of the West, where he experimented and made improvements to high speed camera shutter designs. Many of these early films were featured in Hale's Tours of the World, an early amusement ride that took place inside a replica train car. In 1900, Buckwalter started a collaboration with the director and producer William Selig, a filmmaker in Chicago and became the Western agent for Selig Polyscope Company selling and distributing Selig projectors and films to theaters in the region. By 1902 Buckwalter founded a studio called Buckwalter Films and began directing and producing silent films shorts beginning with The Girls in the Overalls, a story of seven sisters who run a family ranch after the death of their parents, in one of the earliest western films in America.[9] The Royal Photographic Society awarded Panorama of the Royal Gorge and Panorama of Ute Pass top prize at an exhibit in 1903. Several of Buckwalter's documentary films were exhibited at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. In 1905, Buckwalter was invited to film and document President Theodore Roosevelt's hunting trip in western Colorado. In 1910 Buckwalter Films became part of General Film Company. His last known film, a documentary on the construction of the Panama Canal, was shot in 1913, while he was simultaneously carrying out a photographic report on the subject.[10] The History Colorado Center with the Denver Public Library hold a collection of Buckwalter's photos and glass plate negatives.[11] Many of Buckwalter's films are considered lost. Harry Buckwalter died on March 7, 1930, at the age of 63.[12] Partial filmographyA list of known films directed and produced by Harry Buckwalter:[13] {{div col|colwidth=30em}}1901
References1. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Metz|first1=Randel|title=Wow Photo Wednesday|url=https://history.denverlibrary.org/news/wow-photo-wednesday-11|website=Denver Public Library|accessdate=25 May 2018}} Bibliography2. ^Smith (2003), p. 13. 3. ^Jones (1990), p. 89. 4. ^Jones (1990), pp. 89–90. 5. ^{{cite news|last1=Buckwalter|first1=Harry|title=Dancing in the Air|newspaper=Rocky Mountain News|date=19 August 1894}} 6. ^{{cite news|last1=Buckwalter|first1=Harry|title=Scientists Wrong on X-ray Ideas, Successful Experiments with Lead Glass Tubes Made by the News and Homeopathic Medical College|newspaper=Rocky Mountain News|date=9 March 1896}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Harry Buckwalter|url=https://coloradoencyclopedia.org/article/harry-buckwalter|website=Colorado Encyclopedia|accessdate=25 May 2018}} 8. ^Withers (1931), pp. 99–103. 9. ^{{cite web|title=The Girls in the Overalls (1904)|url=https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/MovieDetails/32647|website=American Film Institute|accessdate=28 May 2018}} 10. ^Jones (1990), pp. 92–99. 11. ^{{cite web|last1=Moazami|first1=Emily|title=Unpacking Greatness: H. H. Buckwalter photographs collection (Ph.00057)|url=https://www.historycolorado.org/story/collections-library/2015/07/17/unpacking-greatness|website=History Colorado|accessdate=29 May 2018}} 12. ^Jones (1990), p. 97. 13. ^Jones (1990), pp. 98−99.
External links{{commons category|Harry H. Buckwalter}}
9 : 1867 births|1930 deaths|19th-century American photographers|American film producers|Cinema pioneers|People from Reading, Pennsylvania|Silent film directors|Western (genre) film directors|Film directors from Pennsylvania |
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