“Helernus”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Helernus

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References
Notes Citations Books

Helernus, also known as Alernus, was an Archaic Roman deity.{{sfn|Dutch Archaeological and Historical Society|1977|p=131}} He was a minor god of the underworld, and god of the beans used during the Lemuria festival during May.{{sfn|Turcan|Nevill|2001|pp=63-64}} His sacred grove (lucus) was near the mouth of the Tiber river.{{sfn|Elsner|Rutherford|2007|p=24}} Sacrifices were made to him annually on the 1st of February by the Roman Pontiffs, in which a black ox was killed.{{efn|One of the evidences for his being a minor chthonic deity is his sacrifice being a black ox, as only gods of the underworld were given black animals as sacrifice.{{sfn|Scullard|1981|p=72}}}}{{sfn|Dutch Archaeological and Historical Society|1977|p=131}}{{sfn|Frazer|2012|p=190}} He had one daughter, named Carna, who was goddess of protecting the intestines of children from vampires.{{sfn|Turcan|Nevill|2001|pp=63-64}}

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Citations

Books

{{cite book|last1=Elsner|first1=Jas'|last2=Rutherford|first2=Ian|title=Pilgrimage in Graeco-Roman and Early Christian Antiquity: Seeing the Gods|date=2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford|isbn=9780191566752|ref=harv}}
{{cite book|last1=Dutch Archaeological and Historical Society|title=Talanta: Proceedings of the Dutch Archaeological and Historical Society|date=1977|publisher=Wolters-Noordhoff|edition=8-15|oclc=1004669|ref=harv}}
{{cite book|last1=Scullard|first1=H.H.|title=Festivals and ceremonies of the Roman Republic|date=1981|publisher=Cornell University Press|location=Ithaca, N.Y.|isbn=9780801414022|ref=harv}}
{{cite book|last1=Frazer|first1=James George|title=The Golden Bough|date=2012|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=9781108047319|ref=harv}}
{{cite book|last1=Turcan|first1=Robert|last2=Nevill|first2=Antonia|title=The Gods of ancient Rome: religion in everyday life from archaic to imperial times|date=2001|publisher=Taylor and Francis|location=Hoboken|isbn=9781136058509|ref=harv}}

4 : Roman gods|Deities of classical antiquity|Chthonic beings|Underworld gods

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