| 词条 | Henry Clay Wood |
| 释义 |
|name = Henry Clay Wood |image = Henry Clay Wood (US Army brigadier general).jpg |caption = From Volume 2 of 1911's Norwich University, 1819-1911 |birth_date = {{birth date|1832|5|26}} |death_date = {{death date and age|1918|8|30|1832|5|26}} |birth_place = Winthrop, Maine |death_place = Portland, Maine |placeofburial = Arlington National Cemetery |allegiance = {{flag|United States of America|1861}} Union |branch = United States Army Union Army |serviceyears = 1856–1896 |rank = Brigadier general |commands = |unit = U.S. Army Infantry Branch |battles =American Civil War
|awards = Medal of Honor |spouse = Mary Frances Lord (d. 1866) Mary Ann (Ferguson) Bassett (d. 1909) |children = 2 (including Brigadier General Winthrop S. Wood) }} Henry Clay Wood (May 26, 1832 – August 30, 1918) was a career officer in the United States Army who attained the rank of brigadier general. A Union Army veteran of the American Civil War, he is most notable for his actions at the Battle of Wilson's Creek, which resulted in award of the Medal of Honor. Early lifeH. Clay Wood was born in Winthrop, Maine on May 26, 1832, the son of Samuel Wood and Florence (Sweet) Wood.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=581}} He was educated in the schools of Winthrop, followed by attendance at academies in Yarmouth and Farmington.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=581}} In 1850, he began attendance at Bowdoin College, from which he received his bachelor of arts degree in 1854.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=581}} After college he began to study medicine with a Maine physician, but gave it up to study law instead.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=581}} He was admitted to the bar in 1856, and in 1857 he received his master of arts degree from Bowdoin.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=581}} Start of careerWood's father was a major general and division commander in the Maine Militia, and for several months in 1856 he served on his father's staff with the rank of major.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=581}} During this period, Wood attended courses and lessons on military tactics and strategy at Norwich University, and in 1874 Norwich granted him a bachelor of science degree "in course" as though he had been a member of the Class of 1856.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=581}} In June 1856, Wood received a commission as a second lieutenant of Infantry in the U.S. Army, and was assigned to the 1st Infantry Regiment in Texas.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=581}} In May 1861, he was promoted to first lieutenant and assigned to the 11th Infantry Regiment.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=581}} Civil WarAfter 1861 the onset of hostilities that commenced the American Civil War, Wood was assigned to units operating in Missouri as part of a larger force commanded by Nathaniel Lyon.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=581}} As head of the Department of the West, Lyon endeavored to keep Missouri from seceding, and to prevent federal arms, ammunition and supplies from falling into the hands of the Confederacy.{{sfn|"Biography: Nathaniel Lyon"}} At the August 10, 1861 Battle of Wilson's Creek, Lyon's force was outnumbered by Confederates and defeated.{{sfn|"Biography: Nathaniel Lyon"}} Lyon was killed, but his efforts to keep Missouri from seceding gave the Union enough time to send more troops and secure the state under federal authority.{{sfn|"Biography: Nathaniel Lyon"}} Wood was in command of a mounted rifle company at Wilson's Creek, and was wounded in the fighting.{{sfn|"Gallery, Battle of Wilson's Creek: Henry Clay Wood"}} Despite numerous deaths and wounds among his men, as well as his own head wound, Wood prevented his company from breaking down during the battle, and then led it in covering an orderly retreat from the site of fighting at Ray's cornfield despite withdrawing while under heavy Confederate small arms fire.{{sfn|"Gallery, Battle of Wilson's Creek: Henry Clay Wood"}} In 1893, Wood's heroism at Wilson's Creek resulted in award of the Medal of Honor.{{sfn|"Gallery, Battle of Wilson's Creek: Henry Clay Wood"}}{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} In October, 1861 Wood was promoted to captain, and he served as a recruiting officer on the staff of John C. Frémont during Frémont's command of the Department of the West.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} He served at the War Department as a mustering officer and disbursing officer on the staff of the Army's Provost Marshal General, and he was promoted to major in June 1864.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} In March 1865, Wood received brevet promotion to lieutenant colonel for his heroism at Wilson's Creek, and to colonel to recognize his superior performance of duty in the Provost Marshal's office.{{sfn|Officers of the Army and Navy (Regular) Who Served in the Civil War|page=473}} Post-Civil WarAfter the war, Wood was assigned as assistant adjutant of the 3rd Military District of Georgia,{{sfn|Officers of the Army and Navy (Regular) Who Served in the Civil War|page=473}} and then the Department of the Columbia.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} In late 1874, Wood was involved in an incident in Portland, Oregon, site of the Department of the Columbia headquarters, where he became drunk and verbally insulted a junior officer in a public setting.{{sfn|Thunder in the Mountains|page=52}} Department commander Oliver Otis Howard, a fellow Maine native and Bowdoin graduate, upbraided Wood for using abusive language and other unspecified actions "too painful to speak of."{{sfn|Thunder in the Mountains|page=52}} Howard meted out no further punishment, conditioned on Wood's agreement to completely abstain from alcohol in the future.{{sfn|Thunder in the Mountains|page=52}} Wood recovered from this incident, and continued to serve as the department's adjutant.{{sfn|Thunder in the Mountains|page=52}} When Carl Schurz was responsible for administering American Indian policy as the Secretary of the Interior, he requested Wood's assignment as a liaison to negotiate with the tribes of the Pacific Northwest and persuade them to abandon their traditional homes and lifestyles for assignment to Indian reservations.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} Later careerWood was promoted to lieutenant colonel in February 1887, and colonel in November 1893.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} His later assignments included adjutant of the Department of the Lakes, the Department of Texas, and the Department of Dakota.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} Wood retired from the Army in May 1896.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} On April 23, 1904 Wood was promoted to brigadier general on the retired list.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} RetirementIn retirement, Wood was a resident of New York City.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} He was active in several fraternal and civic organizations, including the Freemasons, Royal Arch Masons, Knights Templar, and Society of Mayflower Descendants.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} He moved to Farmington, Maine in 1909.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} Death and burialWood died in Portland, Maine on August 30, 1918.{{sfn|"Brig. Gen. Wood Dies At Home In Maine"|page=16}} He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery, Section 1, Site 80-A.{{sfn|"Brig. Gen. Wood Dies At Home In Maine"|page=16}} FamilyIn 1860, Wood married Mary Frances Lord of Standish, Maine.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} She died in 1866, and in 1869 he married Mary Ann (Ferguson) Bassett of Washington, DC.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} Mary Ann Wood died in 1909.{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} With his first wife, Wood was the father of Harry Clifford Wood (b. 1863),{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}} a Harvard Law School graduate who practiced in several U.S. cities during his career,{{sfn|Genealogy of the Fairbanks Family in America, 1633-1897|page=509}} and Winthrop Samuel Wood (1865–1937),{{sfn|Norwich University, 1819-1911|page=582}}{{sfn|"U.S. National Cemetery Interment Control Forms, 1928-1962"}} a United States Military Academy graduate who served in the Spanish–American War and World War I and attained the rank of brigadier general.{{sfn|"U.S. National Cemetery Interment Control Forms, 1928-1962"}} ReferencesSourcesBooks
Newspapers
Internet
External links
9 : 1832 births|1918 deaths|People from Winthrop, Maine|Bowdoin College alumni|Norwich University alumni|United States Army generals|Union Army officers|United States Army Medal of Honor recipients|Burials at Arlington National Cemetery |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。