| 词条 | Hirshabelle |
| 释义 |
| conventional_long_name = Hirshabelle State of Somalia | common_name = Hirshabelle | native_name = {{unbulleted list|item_style=font-size:88%; |{{native name|so|Dowlad Goboleedka Hirshabeele ee Soomaaliya}} |{{native name|ar|{{lower|0.1em|{{resize|120%| ولاية هيرشابيل الصومال}}}} |italics=off}}|{{transl|ar|Wilāyat hirshabeele aṣ-Ṣūmāl}}}} | image_flag = Hirshabeelle.png | image_coat = | symbol_type = Coat of arms | national_motto = | national_anthem = Qolobaa Calankeed | capital = Jowhar | largest_city = Beledweyne | coordinates = {{Coord|04|44|09|N|045|12|13|E|type:city}} | official_languages = {{hlist |Somali |Arabic}} | government_type = Autonomous presidential democracy | leader_title1 = President | leader_name1 = Mohamed Abdi Ware[1] | leader_title2 = Vice-President | leader_name2 = Ali Abdullahi Hussein | sovereignty_type = Autonomous State | sovereignty_note = within Somalia | established_event1 = Established | established_date1 = 9 October 2016 | area_rank = | percent_water = | population_estimate = 1,771,636 | population_census = 2013 | population_estimate_year = 2013 | population_estimate_rank = | population_census_year = | population_density_rank = | GDP_PPP = | GDP_PPP_year = | GDP_PPP_rank = | GDP_PPP_per_capita = | GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank = | Gini = | Gini_year = | Gini_change = | Gini_ref = | Gini_rank = | HDI = | HDI_year = | HDI_change = | HDI_ref = | HDI_rank = | currency = Somali shilling | currency_code = SOS | time_zone = EAT | utc_offset = +3 | utc_offset_DST = +3 | time_zone_DST = not observed | drives_on = right | calling_code = +252 (Somalia) | cctld = .so | official_website = https://www.hiiraan.com/ https://www.jowhar.com/ https://www.warsheekh.com/ | area_magnitude = | areami² = | population_density = | population_densitymi² = | iso3166code = SO | demonym = | area_km2 = }} Hirshabelle (also spelt Hirshabeele), officially Hirshabelle State, is an autonomous region in south-central Somalia. It is bordered by Galmudug to the north, South West State of Somalia and Banadir region to the south, Ethiopia to the west and the Somali Sea to the east. Jowhar is the capital city of Hirshabelle.{{citation needed|date=November 2018}} Hirshabelle consists of the Hiran and Middle Shabelle regions of Somalia, and its name is derived from a conflation of their names. Hirshabelle considers itself an autonomous state within the larger Federal Republic of Somalia, as defined by the Provisional Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia. On August 8, 2015, the President and Prime Minister of the Somali Federal Government, and the regional political leaders, including the de facto governors of Hiiraan and Middle Shabelle, launched the process for establishing a new federal member state at Villa Somalia in Mogadishu. Jowhar in Middle Shabelle was designated to host the state formation conference, not without opposition from leaders in Hiiraan who wanted the conference to take place in Beledweyne. The Berghof Foundation wrote in 2017 that "...The president of Hirshabelle belongs to the Hawadle and his vice-president to the Abgaal which are both a subclan of Mudulood and Larger Hawiye clan ."[2] The principal tension at HirShabelle FMS level is the rivalry between these two sub-clans over governance in the new state. At a lower level, conflicts can occur between sub-clans over the ownership of land, and scarce pasture and water during drought periods. In most cases the conflicts are triggered by armed militias who erect roadblocks with the aim of guarding their lands. Some conflicts have been resolved while others remain unresolved. Conflicts start from disagreements between individuals and escalate to violent clan-based conflict. ClimateIn March and April, the average daily maximum temperature in Beledweyne, the capital of Hiraan, is {{convert|36.7|C|F}}. In December, the average daily maximum temperature is {{convert|21.9|C|F}}. |location = Beledweyne, Somalia |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 41.5 |Feb record high C = 42.5 |Mar record high C = 43.0 |Apr record high C = 43.0 |May record high C = 41.3 |Jun record high C = 39.0 |Jul record high C = 39.0 |Aug record high C = 39.0 |Sep record high C = 40.2 |Oct record high C = 45.0 |Nov record high C = 40.0 |Dec record high C = 42.0 |year record high C = 45.0 |Jan high C = 34.5 |Feb high C = 35.4 |Mar high C = 36.7 |Apr high C = 36.9 |May high C = 34.9 |Jun high C = 34.0 |Jul high C = 33.0 |Aug high C = 33.8 |Sep high C = 35.3 |Oct high C = 34.4 |Nov high C = 34.8 |Dec high C = 34.5 |year high C = 34.8 |Jan mean C = 28.2 |Feb mean C = 28.7 |Mar mean C = 30.0 |Apr mean C = 30.4 |May mean C = 29.2 |Jun mean C = 28.4 |Jul mean C = 27.8 |Aug mean C = 27.7 |Sep mean C = 29.0 |Oct mean C = 28.7 |Nov mean C = 28.5 |Dec mean C = 28.5 |year mean C = 28.7 |Jan low C = 22.0 |Feb low C = 22.0 |Mar low C = 23.4 |Apr low C = 23.9 |May low C = 23.4 |Jun low C = 22.8 |Jul low C = 22.6 |Aug low C = 21.6 |Sep low C = 22.7 |Oct low C = 22.6 |Nov low C = 22.3 |Dec low C = 22.3 |year low C = 22.6 |Jan record low C = 16.0 |Feb record low C = 16.5 |Mar record low C = 17.0 |Apr record low C = 16.0 |May record low C = 18.0 |Jun record low C = 17.0 |Jul record low C = 17.0 |Aug record low C = 16.3 |Sep record low C = 17.2 |Oct record low C = 17.0 |Nov record low C = 15.0 |Dec record low C = 15.0 |year record low C = 15.0 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 0 |Feb precipitation mm = 1 |Mar precipitation mm = 5 |Apr precipitation mm = 48 |May precipitation mm = 59 |Jun precipitation mm = 6 |Jul precipitation mm = 3 |Aug precipitation mm = 3 |Sep precipitation mm = 8 |Oct precipitation mm = 51 |Nov precipitation mm = 16 |Dec precipitation mm = 5 |year precipitation mm = 204 |unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm |Jan precipitation days = 0 |Feb precipitation days = 0 |Mar precipitation days = 0 |Apr precipitation days = 5 |May precipitation days = 5 |Jun precipitation days = 0 |Jul precipitation days = 0 |Aug precipitation days = 0 |Sep precipitation days = 0 |Oct precipitation days = 4 |Nov precipitation days = 2 |Dec precipitation days = 0 |year precipitation days = 20 |Jan humidity = 58 |Feb humidity = 57 |Mar humidity = 57 |Apr humidity = 60 |May humidity = 64 |Jun humidity = 61 |Jul humidity = 65 |Aug humidity = 64 |Sep humidity = 59 |Oct humidity = 64 |Nov humidity = 63 |Dec humidity = 62 |year humidity = 61 |Jan sun = 288.3 |Feb sun = 276.9 |Mar sun = 288.3 |Apr sun = 243.0 |May sun = 272.8 |Jun sun = 249.0 |Jul sun = 201.5 |Aug sun = 232.5 |Sep sun = 246.0 |Oct sun = 223.2 |Nov sun = 243.0 |Dec sun = 269.7 |year sun = |Jand sun = 9.3 |Febd sun = 9.8 |Mard sun = 9.3 |Aprd sun = 8.1 |Mayd sun = 8.8 |Jund sun = 8.3 |Juld sun = 6.5 |Augd sun = 7.5 |Sepd sun = 8.2 |Octd sun = 7.2 |Novd sun = 8.1 |Decd sun = 8.7 |yeard sun = 8.3 | Jan percentsun = 80 | Feb percentsun = 79 | Mar percentsun = 65 | Apr percentsun = 53 | May percentsun = 54 | Jun percentsun = 61 | Jul percentsun = 54 | Aug percentsun = 62 | Sep percentsun = 62 | Oct percentsun = 57 | Nov percentsun = 60 | Dec percentsun = 69 | year percentsun = |source 1 = Deutscher Wetterdienst[3] |source 2 = Food and Agriculture Organization: Somalia Water and Land Management (percent sunshine)[4] }} References1. ^{{Cite news|url=https://unsom.unmissions.org/international-partners-welcome-orderly-election-mohamed-abdi-ware-new-president-hirshabelle-state|title=International partners welcome orderly election of Mohamed Abdi Ware as new president of HirShabelle state|date=2017-09-17|work=United Nations Assistance Mission In Somalia|access-date=2017-11-21}} 2. ^https://www.berghof-foundation.org/en/news-article/new-report-conflict-assessment-report-hirshabelle-state-somalia/ 3. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_632400_kt.pdf| title = Klimatafel von Beled Weyne (Belet Uen) / Somalia| work = Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst| language = German| accessdate = 22 October 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web| url = http://sddr.faoswalim.org/downloads/Long%20Term%20Mean_Monthly__sunshine%20fraction.xls| title = Long term mean monthly sunshine fraction in Somalia| publisher = Food and Agriculture Organization| accessdate = 4 November 2016}} External links
1 : States of Somalia |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。