| 词条 | History of Stuttgart |
| 释义 |
The history of Stuttgart is long, having its origins in the mid 10th century. However, the history of the land upon which Stuttgart stands has a far longer history dating back several thousands years to prehistoric peoples who sought the fertile soil of the Neckar river valley. AntiquityPrehistoric finds made in the area of Zuffenhausen and around the region at the Lemberg in the Swabian Jura and Burgholzhof, Stammheim, and the Viesenhäuser Hof inside the city date back to the Paleolithic.{{sfn|Gühring|Kull|et al. (2004)|p=41}} Evidence of settlements of Neolithic peoples all the way up to the Alemanni tribes also exists. Excavations and findings dated to the Paleolithic period suggest the usage of the hills of the Neckar valley near Stuttgart as rest stops as far back as 300,000 years ago (Middle Paleolithic). Further corroboration is found with the discovery of tools and processed bones discovered in the travertine quarries of Bad Cannstatt.{{sfn|Müller-Beck (1983)|pp=252, 257-260}} Kingdom of Württemberg and the German Empire{{seealso|Kingdom of Württemberg|German Empire}}IndustryIn 1845, the first gasworks in the city began operation, providing gas lighting. The plant was located on the Seidenstrasse, near the Hoppenlaufriedhof, and came into being after a demonstration at the royal court that so impressed King William I of Württemberg that he requested gas lighting in all of his buildings. At 6 PM, 19 February 1865, a house near the Church of St. Leonhard was destroyed by the city's first gas explosion, an event that killed four, of whom two were children.{{sfn|Stuttgarter Zeitung, 31 January 2015}} In 1886, Robert Bosch opened his very first workshop in Stuttgart. The automobile and motorcycle were purported to have been invented in Stuttgart (by Karl Benz and subsequently industrialized in 1887 by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach at the Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft), earning the city the moniker "Cradle of the Automobile."[1] After a fire in one of the manufacturing plants in 1903, the company moved to Untertürkheim and adopted the name Daimler AG. Weimar Republic{{see also|Weimar Republic}}On 1 October 1920, Erwin Rommel was commissioned as a captain and assigned command of the 13th Infantry Regiment based in Stuttgart. In his nine years at this post, his regiment was involved in the quelling of civil disturbances across Germany.{{sfn|Butler (2015)|pp=99-100}} Nazi Germany{{see also|Nazi Germany}}Allied bombing of Stuttgart{{main|Bombing of Stuttgart in World War II}}Stuttgart endured 53 air raids over the course of the Allied strategic bombing during World War II, the first of which occurred on 25 August 1940 and destroyed 17 buildings.[2] Allied occupationWhen the French army entered Stuttgart in 1945, they are alleged to have been responsible for the rapes around 3,000 women and eight men.{{discuss|date=April 2018}}{{efn|Giles MacDonogh states in MacDonogh (2009)}}|After the Reich that German estimates numbered around 5,000 women while official figures say that 1,198 women were raped by French soldiers, according to R.F. Keeling's book Gruesome Harvest.{{sfn|MacDonogh (2009)|p=79}}}} Notes1. ^Stuttgart – Where Business Meets the Future. CD issued by Stuttgart Town Hall, Department for Economic Development, 2005. 2. ^Page on the air attacks against Stuttgart. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310001235/http://www.schutzbauten-stuttgart.de/pages/de/home/chronik/luftangriffe-stuttgart.php|date=March 10, 2009}} {{de-icon}} Citations{{reflist|30em}}References{{Portal|Stuttgart}}{{see also|Timeline of Stuttgart#Bibliography}}BibliographyEnglish{{refbegin|25em}}
News references
2 : History of Stuttgart|Holocaust locations in Germany |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。