“HMS Alderney (1757)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

HMS Alderney was a 10-gun (later, 12-gun) Alderney-class sloop of the Royal Navy that saw active service during the Seven Years' War and the American Revolutionary War. Launched in 1757, she was principally deployed in the North Sea to protect British fishing fleets and merchant trade. In this capacity she captured two American privateers, Hawk in 1779 and the 12-gun Lady Washington in 1780. She was removed from Navy service at the conclusion of the American Revolutionary War, and sold into private hands at Deptford Dockyard on 1 May 1783. She became the whaler Alderney that operated between 1784 and 1797, when the Spaniards captured her off Chile.

Construction

Admiralty Orders of 14 November 1755 indicated that the Alderney-class vessels were to be built at private dockyards, and on 17 December 1755 the contract for Alderney was issued to commercial shipwright John Snooks of Saltash. Contract terms stipulated that the vessel be completed within seven months at a cost of £7.13s per ton burthen. The new vessel's keel was laid in January 1756 and work commenced on the hull. Bately's initial design was for a two-masted snow-rigged sloop, but this was modified in mid-1756 into a traditional three-masted ship rig to increase speed, though at the expense of manoeuvrability. The half-built sloop was formally christened Alderney on 25 May 1756.^[3]

HMS

In mid-March 1761, Alderney captured a French privateer of six guns behind the Isle of Wight and took her into Portsmouth.^[4]

On 7 July 1777, Alderney, Captain Anthony Parrey, was off the Texel when he captured the American ship Commerce, Samuel Williams, master, as Commerce was sailing from South Carolina to Amsterdam.^[5] Commerce was a new vessel of 300 tons (bm), with a crew of 14 men, carrying a cargo of rice and indigo. She had on board as passengers Lieutenant Governor Bull and his family. Parrey put a prize crew on board Commerce, escorted her as far as Lowestoffe, and then sent her into London.^[6]

On 19 January 1781, Alderney, John Lockart Nasmith, captain, captured the Dutch dogger Sansleid. Then on 13 April Alderney recaptured the sloop Furnace.^[7] A few days later, i.e., on 19 April, Alderney was in company with the cutter {{HMS|Liberty|179|2}}, and the revenue cutter Hunter when they captured the French privateer Puce.^[8]

On 25 December 1780, Alderney, under the command of Lieutenant Rose, captured the American privateer Lady Washington, of Dunkirk, under the command of Captain John Oliver. Lady Washington was armed with 12 guns and had a crew of 51 men.^[9]

Disposal

In 1783, the Royal Navy sold the 26-year old sloop Alderney, of 230 tons (bm), at Deptford, on 1 May 1783 for £780.^[3]

Whaler

On 22 June 1790, Alderney, Captain Sinclair Halcrow, master, was in the Davis Strait in the Labrador Sea. There her harpooner, Lawrence Frazier, at 6p.m. used a harpoon gun to shoot a whale at a distance of eight fathoms from the boat. The whale took about half-an-hour to die.^[13] Lloyd's Register for 1791 shows Alderney{{'}}s master as S. Halcrow, her owner as Priestly, and her trade changing from London-Davis Straits to London-South Seas Fishery.^[14]

From 1791 Alderney appears among the ships whaling in the Southern Whale Fishery.^[15] On 11 November 1791 she left Britain under the command of Captain Sinclair Halcrow. She returned on 21 December 1792. At the time, her owners were Curtis & Co. and Priestly.

In 1793 Halcrow sailed her to Patagonia.^[15] With the outbreak of the French Revolutionary Wars early that year, Halcrow acquired a letter of marque on 3 August 1793.^[16]

In 1794 Halcrow sailed her to Peru. She was reported to have been "all well" off the coast of Peru on 12 October 1794. She returned to Britain on 18 September 1795 with 116 tuns sperm oil and 2769 seal skins. Her owners were Timothy and William Curtis.^[15]

Captain Samuel Chace (or Case, or Case), sailed Alderney from Britain for Peru on 9 March 1796. She was on the coast of Chile in December 1796 and off Coquimbo on 16 December 1796. It was then reported that the Spanish had taken her off Chile. Her owners were Curtis & Co, and Parkinson.^[15] Still she enters Lloyd's Register in 1798, still with Chase, master, Parkinson, owner, and trade London—South Seas fishery.^[17]

Fate

Citations and references

1. ^McLaughlin 2014, p. 208, 279
2. ^McLaughlin 2014, p.208.
3. ^¹Winfield 2007, pp.310–311
4. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015028378928?urlappend=%3Bseq=259 Lloyd's List №2629.]
5. ^{{London Gazette|date=10 January 1778|issue=11839|page=1.a}}
6. ^Morgan (1986), Vol. 9, pp.475–6.
7. ^{{London Gazette|date=26 June 1781|issue=12202|page=4}}
8. ^{{London Gazette|date=4 December 1781|issue=12248|page=2}}
9. ^Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. 51, p.41.
10. ^¹²Lloyd's Register (1784), Seq. №A505.
11. ^Lloyd's List №1793.
12. ^Lloyd's List №1899.
13. ^Transactions of the Society, Instituted at London for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce. The 2. Ed. (London, Dodsley, Lockyer Etc.). (1791), Vol. 9, pp.161–2.
14. ^Lloyd's Register (1791), Seq. №A152.
15. ^¹²³ Jones, A.G. E.; Dale Chatwin; and Rhys Richards. BSWF Database – voyages: Alderney.]
16. ^¹²³Letter of Marque, – accessed 14 May 2011.
17. ^[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015004281211?urlappend=%3Bseq=36 Lloyd's Register (1798), Seq. №617.]
18. ^Clayton (2014), p.55.