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词条 HMS Woolvesey Castle (K461)
释义

  1. Design and description

  2. Construction and career

  3. References

     Notes  Citations  References 
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}{{Use British English|date=April 2017}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Hmcs huntsville k499.jpgShip caption=As HMCS Huntsville
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=Ship country=United KingdomUK|naval}}Ship name=Woolvesey CastleShip namesake= Wolvesey CastleShip ordered=23 January 1943Ship awarded=Ship builder= Ailsa Shipbuilding Co. Ltd., TroonShip yard number=Ship laid down=1 June 1943Ship launched=24 February 1943Ship completed=Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship renamed=Ship identification=Pennant number: K461Ship fate=Transferred to the Royal Canadian NavyShip homeport=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=titleShip country=CanadaCanada|naval-1911}}Ship name=HuntsvilleShip namesake=Huntsville, OntarioShip acquired=1943Ship commissioned=6 June 1944Ship recommissioned=Ship decommissioned=15 February 1945Ship in service=Ship out of service=Ship renamed=Ship reclassified=Ship refit=Ship captured=Ship honours=Atlantic 1944–45[1]Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship identification=Pennant number: K497Ship fate= Sold for mercantile serviceShip status=Ship homeport=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header=titleShip country=Ship flag=Ship name=*SS Wellington Kent (1947)
  • Belle Isle II (1951)
Ship operator=Ship owner=Ship route=Ship registry=Ship acquired=Ship commissioned=Ship recommissioned=Ship decommissioned=Ship in service=1947Ship out of service=19 August 1960Ship renamed=Ship reclassified=Ship refit=Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship identification=Ship fate=Sunk in collision, 19 August 1960Ship status=Ship homeport=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=(as built)Castle|corvette}}1060|LT|t|0|abbr=on}}252|ft|m|abbr=on}}36|ft|8|in|m|abbr=on}}13|ft|6|in|m|abbr=on}}Ship power=*2 × water-tube boilers
  • {{convert|2750|ihp|kW|abbr=on}}
Ship propulsion=*1 × 4-cylinder triple-expansion steam engine
  • Single screw
16.5|kn|lk=in}}6200|nmi|km|abbr=on}} at {{convert|15|kn|abbr=on}}Ship complement=120Ship sensors=*Type 272 radar
  • Type 145 sonar
  • Type 147B sonar
Ship armament=*1 × QF 4-inch Mk XIX gun
  • 1 × Squid anti-submarine mortar
  • 1 × Depth charge rail, 15 depth charges
  • 4–10 × 20 mm anti-aircraft cannon
Ship notes=
}}

HMS Woolvesey Castle,[2][3] also spelled as Wolvesey Castle,[4] was a {{sclass2-|Castle|corvette}} constructed for the British Royal Navy during the Second World War. Before completion, the ship was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy and was renamed HMCS Huntsville. Huntsville spent the rest of the war as a convoy escort. Following the war, the ship was converted for mercantile use and entered service as SS Wellington Kent in 1947. In 1951, the ship was renamed Belle Isle II. In 1960, Belle Isle II was sunk in a collision.

Design and description

The Castle class were an improved corvette design over their predecessor {{sclass2-|Flower|corvette|4}}. The Flower class was not considered acceptable for mid-Atlantic sailing and was only used on Atlantic convoy duty out of need. Though the Admiralty would have preferred {{sclass2-|Loch|frigate}}s, the inability of many small shipyards to construct the larger ships required them to come up with a smaller vessel. The increased length of the Castle class over their predecessors[4] and their improved hull form gave the Castles better speed and performance on patrol in the North Atlantic and an acceptable replacement for the Flowers.[5] This, coupled with improved anti-submarine armament in the form of the Squid mortar led to a much more capable anti-submarine warfare (ASW) vessel.[4] However, the design did have criticisms, mainly in the way it handled at low speeds and that the class's maximum speed was already slower than the speeds of the new U-boats they would be facing.[6]

A Castle-class corvette was {{convert|252|ft|m}} long with a beam of {{convert|36|ft|8|in|m}} and a draught of {{convert|13|ft|6|in|m}} at deep load.[4][7] The ships displaced {{convert|1060|LT|t|0}} standard[4] and {{convert|1580|LT|t|0}} deep load.[6][8] The ships had a complement of 120.[4][9]

The ships were powered by two Admiralty three-drum boilers which created {{convert|2750|ihp|kW|lk=in}}. This powered one vertical triple expansion engine that drove one shaft, giving the ships a maximum speed of {{convert|16.5|kn|lk=in}}.[4] The ships carried 480 tons of oil giving them a range of {{convert|6200|nmi|lk=in}} at {{convert|15|kn}}.[6]

The corvettes were armed with one QF 4-inch Mk XIX gun mounted forward.[4][10] Anti-air armament varied from 4 to 10[4] Oerlikon 20 mm cannons.[11] For ASW purposes, the ships were equipped with one three-barreled Squid anti-submarine mortar with 81 projectiles. The ships also had two depth charge throwers and one depth charge rail on the stern that came with 15 depth charges.[6]

The ships were equipped with Type 145 and Type 147B ASDIC.[6] The Type 147B was tied to the Squid anti-submarine mortar and would automatically set the depth on the fuses of the projectiles until the moment of firing. A single Squid-launched attack had a success rate of 25%.[12] The class was also provided with HF/DF and Type 277 radar.[11]

Construction and career

Woolvesey Castle, named after a castle in Winchester, was ordered on 23 January 1943.[13] The ship was laid down on 1 June 1943 by Ailsa Shipbuilding Co. Ltd. at Troon and was launched on 24 February 1944.[2] At some point during 1943 the ship was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy.[3] Renamed Huntsville after a community in northern Ontario, the corvette was commissioned on 6 June 1944 with the pennant number K499.[2]

Following her commissioning, Huntsville was sent to Stornoway to work up and joined the Mid-Ocean Escort Force escort group C-5 as a convoy escort. In November, Huntsville was in Halifax, Nova Scotia under repair when her group sailed without her. She was then ordered to act as a local escort, protecting a convoy travelling from St. John's to New York City. The corvette then returned to ocean-crossing convoys in December and continued in this fashion until May 1945.[2]

In May 1945, Huntsville underwent a refit at Halifax which was completed in August and was placed in reserve the following month.[2] The ship was paid off on 15 February 1946 and sold later that year for mercantile use.[2][3] Converted to a cargo ship with a gross register tonnage of 1,529 tons, the ship was initially owned by the Kent Line and had a port of registry in St. John's.[14] In 1947 the ship entered service as SS Wellington Kent. In 1951, the ship was sold to Chebucto Steamships Ltd and renamed Belle Isle II.[2][14] Her port of registry also changed to Halifax.[14] On 19 August 1960, Belle Isle II was sunk in a collision off Trois-Rivières, Quebec.[2]

Belle Isle II was hit by the merchant vessel Holmside on Lake Saint Pierre while at anchor. The ship caught fire after the collision which gutted the ship. No casualties were involved, however the ship was a constructive total loss and was later salvaged by towing the hulk to Portsmouth, Ontario on 2 November. The ship was broken up at Whitby, Ontario in 1965–66.[15][16]

References

Notes

1. ^{{cite web|title= Battle Honours | url=http://www.britainsnavy.co.uk/Battle%20Honours/A%20Battle%20Honour%20Date.htm#1900|website=Britain's Navy|accessdate=21 November 2015}}
2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Macpherson and Barrie, p.164
3. ^1 2 Colledge, p.307
4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Chesneau, p.63
5. ^Brown 2007, p.142
6. ^1 2 3 4 Brown 2007, p.127
7. ^Brown states the beam at {{convert|36.5|ft|m}} and the draught at {{convert|13.5|ft|m}}
8. ^Chesneau states the displacement at deep load as {{convert|1590|-|1630|LT|t|abbr=on|0}}
9. ^Brown states the complement as 99 and Johnston states the complement of Canadian ships at 112 (7 officers and 105 ratings).
10. ^Mk XIX = Mark 19. Britain used Roman numerals to denote Marks (models) of ordnance until after World War II. This was the nineteenth model of British QF 4-inch gun
11. ^1 Brown 2007, p.126
12. ^Brown 2012, p.129
13. ^{{cite web |url=http://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/7939.html |title=HMS Wolvesey Castle (K 499) |website=uboat.net |accessdate=22 November 2015}}
14. ^1 2 {{csr|register=MSI|id=5039939|shipname=Huntsville |accessdate=13 May 2016}}
15. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.boatnerd.com/news/ |title=Great Lakes and Seaway Shipping Daily News – August 2015 |website=boatnerd.com |accessdate=22 November 2015}}
16. ^Miramar claims the ship was broken up at Sorel, Quebec in May 1964.

Citations

{{reflist|30em}}

References

  • {{cite book |last=Brown |first=David K. |date=2007 |title=Atlantic Escorts Ships: Ships, Weapons & Tactics in World War II |publisher=Seaforth Publishing |location=Barnsley, UK |isbn=978-1-84415-702-0}}
  • {{cite book |last=Brown |first=David K. |date=2012 |title=Nelson to Vanguard: Warship Design and Development 1923–1945 |publisher=Seaforth Publishing |location=Barnsley, UK |isbn=978-1-84832-149-6}}
  • {{cite book |editor-last=Chesneau |editor-first=Roger |date=1980 |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946 |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |location=Greenwich, UK |isbn=0-85177-146-7}}
  • {{Colledge}}
  • {{cite book |last=Macpherson |first=Ken |last2=Barrie |first2=Ron |date=2002 |title=The Ships of Canada's Naval Forces 1910–2002 |edition=Third |publisher=Vanwell Publishing |location=St. Catharines, Ontario |isbn=1-55125-072-1}}
{{Castle class corvette}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Woolvesey Castle}}

2 : Ships of the Royal Canadian Navy|Castle-class corvettes
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