| 词条 | 2003 Pan American Games | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| image = 2003 Pan American Games logo.svg | image_size = 200 | alt = | caption = | host_city = Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic | motto = | nations = 42 | athletes = 5,223 | events = 338 in 35 sports | opening = August 1 | closing = August 17 | opened_by = President Hipólito Mejía | cauldron = | stadium = Félix Sánchez Olympic Stadium | prev = 1999 Winnipeg | next = 2007 Rio de Janeiro }}{{Pan American Games series|2003}} The 14th Pan American Games were held in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, from August 1 until August 17, 2003. The successful bid for the games was made in the mid-1990s, when Dominican Republic had one of the highest growth rates in Latin America.[1] All 42 PASO countries and over 5,223 athletes pre-registered for the participation in the XIV Pan American Games. An additional 2,425 trainers and delegates attended.[1] The United States pre-registered the most athletes (713) and Saint Lucia entered the least (6). The host country entered 562 athletes. Bids{{main|Bids for the 2003 Pan American Games}}In December 1998, in Panama City, Panama, Santo Domingo beat Guadalajara, Mexico, and Medellín, Colombia, in the voting to host the games.[2] Guadalajara later went on to host the 2011 Pan American Games.[3] Game highlightsOpening ceremonyThe games opened at Estadio Olímpico Félix Sánchez before a crowd of 48,000. The exhibition featured some 10,000 performers, some dressed in costumes ranging from skeletons to men in tuxedoes and top hats, typifying a Dominican carnival. Local baseball heroes Juan Marichal and Pedro Martínez were on hand for the ceremony. They completed the final lap of the torch and with Luis Pujols, the nephew of the San Francisco Giants coach of the same name, dressed in a Dominican baseball uniform, swung a bat at a baseball sitting atop the mini-flame which triggered the cauldron. The ceremony also was attended by then-President of the Dominican Republic Hipólito Mejía, Pan American Sports Organization president Mario Vázquez Raña and New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg. Budget and venues{{Main|Venues of the 2003 Pan American Games}}The Dominican Republic spent at least $175 million for the 17-day sporting event. Two Olympic parks were renewed or built, the Centro Olímpico Juan Pablo Duarte and Parque del Este complex. Laborers were forced to work right up until the opening ceremony because of construction delays, electrical blackouts, and questionable venue quality. In the end, the Dominican Republic refurbished existing sites and produced beautiful new facilities. Although a few logistical incidents occurred (a team was unable to shower when the athletes village lacked water, teams were missing tennis balls or towels),[1] U.S. team chief Roland Betts, commented "At times it has been a great struggle, but we are very excited and proud to see the venues. I believe these venues are as good as or better than any that have been created for the Pan American Games." Other attendees agreed that logistical and venue problems declined greatly during the Games.
Concerns and controversiesNumerous protest marches were staged to call attention to austerity measures, including import taxes and spending cuts, and neglect of impoverished areas. During the Games, the protests were banned from the city. However, the Dominicans warmly embraced the Games with pride, especially when local heroes such as Félix Sánchez won the gold medal in the 400-meter hurdles and broke the Pan Am record.[4] While praising the first-rate facilities, critics decried the huge cost overruns, the high payroll of the organizers, and concerns over the Dominican Republic's ability to maintain the venues after the Games.[5] Medal count{{Mainlist|2003 Pan American Games medal table}}
SportsThe 2003 games marked the return of basque pelota [6] and waterskiing to the Games.[7] {{col-begin|width=50%}}{{col-break}}
MascotThe 2003 Games' mascot was a tank top clad manatee named Tito.[8] 2003 Parapan American Games{{main|2003 Parapan American Games}}In 2003 Parapan American Games was not hosted in Santo Domingo, but rather in Mar del Plata, Argentina. The event featured 1,500 athletes from 28 countries competed in nine sporting events.[9] This was the 2nd and last Parapan American Games that was not tied to the Pan American Games. References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://panamgames2003.com/news/24.html|title=panamgames2003.com|author=|date=|website=panamgames2003.com|accessdate=7 May 2018|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106221857/http://panamgames2003.com/news/24.html|archivedate=6 November 2007|df=}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://colimdo.org/pagina/sede-juegos-panamericanos-santo-domingo-2003/|title=Sede Juegos Panamericanos Santo Domingo 2003|trans-title=2003 Pan American Games Venue Santo Domingo|language=Spanish|date= |website=www.colimdo.org/|publisher=Dominican Republic Olympic Committee|access-date=31 December 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/07/sports/plus-pan-american-games-santo-domingo-is-named-as-host.html|title=PLUS: PAN AMERICAN GAMES; Santo Domingo Is Named as Host|first=The Associated|last=Press|date=7 December 1998|publisher=|accessdate=7 May 2018|via=NYTimes.com|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412051527/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/12/07/sports/plus-pan-american-games-santo-domingo-is-named-as-host.html|archivedate=12 April 2016|df=}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/08/sports/pan-american-games-games-lift-spirits-in-santo-domingo.html|title=PAN AMERICAN GAMES; Games Lift Spirits in Santo Domingo|first=David|last=Gonzalez|date=8 August 2003|publisher=|accessdate=7 May 2018|via=NYTimes.com|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180104225334/http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/08/sports/pan-american-games-games-lift-spirits-in-santo-domingo.html|archivedate=4 January 2018|df=}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://panamgames2003.com/news/37.html|title=panamgames2003.com|author=|date=|website=panamgames2003.com|accessdate=7 May 2018|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071031165504/http://panamgames2003.com/news/37.html|archivedate=31 October 2007|df=}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://timebrasil.cob.org.br/brasil-nos-jogos/jogos-pan-americanos/santo-domingo-2003|title=COB|author=|date=|website=timebrasil.cob.org.br|accessdate=7 May 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140421045239/http://timebrasil.cob.org.br/brasil-nos-jogos/jogos-pan-americanos/santo-domingo-2003|archivedate=21 April 2014|df=}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.iwsfranking.com/iwsfextension/PanAmGames03/PanAmGamesTest2003.pdf|title=Setting sites for the Dominican Republic|author=|date=|website=iwsfranking.com|accessdate=7 May 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191103/http://www.iwsfranking.com/iwsfextension/PanAmGames03/PanAmGamesTest2003.pdf|archivedate=3 March 2016|df=}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.quadrodemedalhas.com/en/pan-american-games/pan-american-games-2003-santo-domingo.htm|title=XIV Pan American Games - Santo Domingo (República Dominicana) 2003|website=Quadro de Medalhas|accessdate=7 May 2018|deadurl=no|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161004031738/http://www.quadrodemedalhas.com/en/pan-american-games/pan-american-games-2003-santo-domingo.htm|archivedate=4 October 2016|df=}} 9. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.disabled-world.com/sports/parapan/ |access-date=2015-08-26 |df= }}{{dead link|date=September 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}
{{Pan American Games}}{{Nations at the 2003 Pan American Games}}{{Events at the 2003 Pan American Games}} 9 : 2003 Pan American Games|International sports competitions hosted by the Dominican Republic|Multi-sport events in the Dominican Republic|2003 in multi-sport events|2003 in Dominican Republic sport|Sports competitions in Santo Domingo|Pan American Games|21st century in Santo Domingo|August 2003 sports events |
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