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词条 Hull General Cemetery
释义

  1. History

     Hull General Cemetery  Notable graves and monuments   Hull Western Cemetery  Notable graves and monuments 

  2. Gallery

  3. Notes

  4. References

     Sources  Landmarks and map locations 

  5. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}{{Use British English|date=July 2018}}

Hull General Cemetery was established in 1847 on Spring Bank, in the west of Kingston upon Hull by a private company. In 1862 the Hull Corporation established a cemetery adjacent, now known as Western Cemetery, and in {{circa|1890}} expanded the cemetery west across Chanterlands Avenue onto an adjacent site.

The General Cemetery contains several notable monument and burials, including a monument to a cholera outbreak in 1849, as well as the graves of many notable persons of the Victoria era and early 20th century of Kingston upon Hull. The General Cemetery closed in 1972, the Western Cemetery is, as of 2018, still in use.

History

Hull General Cemetery

Hull General Cemetery Company was established in 1846, with a capital of 1,000 shares of £10. The cemetery on Spring Bank was opened in 1847, for Anglican burials only, with the foundation stone of the cemetery's entrance lodge formally laid by the mayor, B.M. Jalland on 2 June.{{refn|group="note"|The lodge was designed by Cuthbert Brodrick.{{sfn|Sheahan|1864|p=557}} }} The ground was consecrated on 28 August 1847.[2]{{sfn|Sheahan|1864|pp=557–8}} In 1859 the foundation stone for the cemetery's chapel was laid, by the mayor, Martin Samuelson.{{sfn|Sheahan|1864|p=558}} The cemetery entrance was in a gothic revival style, consisting of three lodges and six large double gates;{{refn|group="note"|The entrance gave the name to the nearby Hull Cemetery Gates railway station (originally 'Hull Cemetery station') on the Victoria Dock Branch Line. After 1881 the station was known as Hull Botanic Gardens.}} the original mortuary chapel was octagonal, a second chapel was later added exclusively for Anglican rites, and a third in 1863 for the use of non-conformists.{{sfn|Sheahan|1864|pp=558–9}} At the time of its development the cemetery was in the parish of Cottingham, and on the outer fringes of the urban development of Hull.[6][1]

In 1854 an act allowed incorporation of the company, and allowed it to expand.[2][6]{{refn|group="note"|17 & 18th Vic., Cap. 100 (3 July 1854) An Act to incorporate the Hull General Cemetery Company, and to enlarge and improve their cemetery, and for other purposes.}} Intramural burial were abolished in Hull after 1856/7.{{sfn|Sheahan|1864|p=556}} In 1855 Quakers took a 999-year lease on a plot of ground within the cemetery. Several prominent Quakers were later buried in the ground including persons from the prominent local employers of the Reckitt, and Priestmann families.[11] By 1864 the cemetery occupied around {{convert|20|acre}}, and contained over 10,000 interments.{{sfn|Sheahan|1864|p=559}}

The main gates were demolished in the early 20th century, and built over.[2] The Hull General Cemetery went into receivership in the 1970s,[13][14] and maintenance of the cemetery was taken over by Hull City Council.[15] The final interment was in 1972, excluding the Quaker burial ground which had its last burial in 1974.[11] The overgrown cemetery was cleared after being taken over by the council in 1972.[15] The main gates, and all the chapels had been demolished by 1983.{{sfn|Pevsner|Neave|1995|p=516}}

Notable graves and monuments

  • Monument to the victims of the 1849 cholera epidemic, erected through private contributions. Around 700 victims were buried in the cemetery.{{sfn|Sheahan|1864|p=177}}[3]
  • William Clowes, d.1851, Methodist.[4]{{sfn|Sheahan|1864|p=432}}
  • Joseph Beaumont, d.1855, Weslyan preacher.{{sfn|Sheahan|1864|p=426}}
  • Count de Werdinsky, d.1856, supposed displaced polish nobleman, probable serial fraudster and criminal.{{sfn|Symons|1889|p=130}}[5]
  • Cast Iron monument in the style of an Eleanor Cross (listed structure, {{circa|1860s}}).[6]
  • Isaac Reckitt, d.1862, Quaker, founder of Reckitt and Sons.[11]
  • Henry Blundell, d.1865, founder of the paint company Blundell Spence and Company.{{sfn|Symons|1889|pp=127–8}}
  • Monument to John Gravill, d. {{circa|1866}}, captain of the ill-fated whaling ship Diana.[7]{{sfn|Symons|1889|pp=128–9}}
  • Thomas Wilson, d.1869, shipping magnate.{{sfn|Symons|1889|p=137}}
  • Thomas Earle, d.1873, sculptor.{{sfn|Symons|1889|p=137}}
  • Henry Redmore, d.1887, artist.[15]
  • Monument to John Rylands (d.1888).{{sfn|Symons|1889|pp=136–7}} (buried in Southern Cemetery, Manchester.)
  • James Reckitt, d.1922, Quaker, philanthropist, also of Reckitt and Sons.[11]
  • William Dent Priestman, d.1936, Quaker, oil engineer pioneer, founder of Priestman Brothers
  • Family and wife of Albert Kaye Rollit, mayor of Hull, politician and lawyer.{{sfn|Symons|1889|pp=135–6}}
{{Clear}}

Hull Western Cemetery

{{convert|5|acre}} of land had been set aside by the Hull General Cemetery for use of the board of health (1859), and in 1862 the board acquired the land, opening a new cemetery adjacent west of the old General Cemetery, known as the Western Cemetery.[2][15] A chapel was later added for Anglican rites, and a third in 1863 for the use of non-conformists.{{sfn|Sheahan|1864|pp=558–9}} By 1892 the Western cemetery occupied {{convert|27.5|acre}}.[32]

In {{circa|1889}} the cemetery was expanded westwards, with additional land on the opposite side of Chanterlands Avenue,[33] a further mortuary chapel was built in the extension. As of 1995 all the cemetery's chapels had been demolished.{{sfn|Pevsner|Neave|1995|p=516}}[8]

As of 2018 the Western Cemetery is in still use.[9]

Notable graves and monuments

  • A monument to those killed in the R38 Airship disaster over the Humber Estuary.[10]
  • Memorials to Captain George Henry Smith, and to William Richard Leggert, both killed in the Dogger Bank incident.[11][12]
  • John Cunningham, Victoria Cross recipient, 1916
{{Clear}}
  • The cemetery contains the war graves of 493 Commonwealth service personnel, 393 from the First World War and 100 from the Second World War.

Gallery

{{gallery
|File:The Gatehouse, Western Cemetery, Hull (geograph 3782606).jpg|Gatehouse, Western Cemetery extension (2013)
|File:Why no poppies? (geograph 3782633).jpg|First World War Cross of Sacrifice memorial, Western Cemetery (2013)
|File:Western Cemetery - Spring Bank entrance (geograph 3256818).jpg|Spring Bank entrance gates, General Cemetery (2012)
|File:Western Cemetery, Hull - geograph.org.uk - 394172.jpg|Eastern part of the Western Cemetery (2007)
|File:Western Cemetery, Hull - geograph.org.uk - 451606.jpg|Graves in the western part of the cemetery (2007)
|File:R38 Memorial Kingston upon Hull.jpg|R38 memorial, Western Cemetery
}}

Notes

1. ^Ordnance Survey Sheet 240 1:1560 1853
2. ^Ordnance Survey 1:2500 1910–11, 1928
3. ^{{NHLE|num = 1219374| desc = CHOLERA MEMORIAL IN GENERAL CEMETERY|accessdate=17 February 2016}}
4. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.myprimitivemethodists.org.uk/page_id__962.aspx| title =William Clowes – Grave: Hull General Cemetery| first = Mel| last = Lowe| date = 11 February 2013| work = www.myprimitivemethodists.org.uk | accessdate =17 February 2016}}
5. ^{{citation| title = "A Shocking Case of Starvation in Hull" – A Short Memoir of the Life of "Count" Adolph de Werdinsky| first = Alan| last = Deighton| year = 2014| isbn = 1902645618 | publisher = Highgate Publications (Beverley) Ltd}}
6. ^{{NHLE|num=1197663|desc = One of a pair of Gothic iron monuments in General Cemetery situated at TA0804429641 |accessdate=17 February 2016}}
7. ^{{NHLE|num=1389312|desc = MONUMENT TO CAPTAIN JOHN GRAVILL IN GENERAL CEMETERY|accessdate=17 February 2016}}
8. ^Ordnance Survey 1:25000 2006
9. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/portal/page?_pageid=221,102436&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL| title = Burials and cemeteries| publisher= Hull City Council| accessdate =15 July 2018}}
10. ^{{PastScape|num=1512866|desc = AIRSHIP MEMORIAL |accessdate=17 February 2016}}
11. ^{{NHLE|num=1392905|desc= MEMORIAL TO CAPTAIN GEORGE HENRY SMITH, HULL WESTERN CEMETERY |accessdate=17 February 2016}}
12. ^{{NHLE|num=1392906|desc= MEMORIAL TO WILLIAM RICHARD LEGGETT, HULL WESTERN CEMETERY |accessdate=17 February 2016}}
13. ^1 2 Notices*prior : {{citation| journal = London Gazette| url =https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/21382/page/3100 | title = Hull General Cemetery Company. Incorporation of Company, Power to Maintain and Enlarge Cemetery in the parish of Cottingham, in the East Riding of the county of York. To Increase Capital, and for other purposes.| date = 19 November 1852| issue = 21382 |pages = 3100–3101}}*{{citation| journal = London Gazette| url =https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/21494/page/3091| title = Hull General Cemetery Company. (Incorporation of Company; Power to maintain and enlarge Cemetery in the parish of Cottingham, in the East Riding of the county of York ; to Increase Capital; to set apart portions of the Cemetery as and for the burial places for such Parishes, Churchea, or Chapels, within the borough, of Kingston-upon-hull, whoso Burial-grounds, Churches, or Chapels, may be closed under the provisions of the Act to Amend the Laws concerning the Burial of the Dead in England beyond the limits of the Metropolis; and for other purposes.)| date =15 November 1853 | issue =21494| pages = 3091–3092 }}
14. ^1 {{citation| journal = London Gazette| url =https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/45795/page/11784 | title = NOTICE OF APPOINTMENT OF LIQUIDATOR – Name of Company — THE HULL GENERAL CEMETERY COMPANY Limited| date = 5 October 1972 | issue = 45795| page = 11784 }}
15. ^1 {{citation| journal = London Gazette| url =https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/48142/page/4780 | title = RELEASE OF LIQUIDATOR – Name of Company—THE HULL GENERAL CEMETERY | date =27 March 1980 | issue = 48142|page = 4781 }}
16. ^1 {{cite web| url =http://www.hullhistorycentre.org.uk/discover/hull_history_centre/our_collections/sourceguides/burial_records.aspx | title = Records relating to burials | publisher = Hull History Centre| accessdate =17 February 2016 }}
17. ^1 {{citation| url =http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/YKS/ERY/Hull/HullHistory/HullHistory8.html| title = Hull – Parks, Pier, Cemeteries, Railway Stations | work = Bulmer's Gazette | year = 1892 }}
18. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web| url =http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/HOME/PLANNING/CONSERVATION/CONSERVATION%20AREAS/SPRING%20BANK%20WEST%20CACA_0.PDF| title = Spring Bank West Conservation Area Character Statement | publisher=Hull City Council | year = 2008 | accessdate =17 February 2016}}
19. ^1 2 3 {{citation| url =http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/yorks/east/vol1/pp371-386#h3-0011 | title =Public services – Cemeteries | work = A History of the County of York East Riding| volume = 1, the City of Kingston Upon Hull| editor-first= K.J.| editor-last = Allison |year= 1969}}
20. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite newsletter| url =http://www.eylhs.org.uk/dl/156/200910-winter--spring | title =The Quaker Burial Ground, Spring Bank| work = EYLHS Newsletter | issue = 22 |date=Winter–Spring 2010 | publisher = East Yorkshire Local History Society| pages =14–20 | accessdate =17 February 2016}}
21. ^{{coord|53.751813|-0.361377|display=inline|type:landmark|name = General Cemetery original gate entrance (site of) }}, General Cemetery original gate entrance (site of)
22. ^{{coord|53.751918|-0.363632|display=inline|type:landmark|name = General Cemetery}} , General Cemetery
23. ^{{coord|53.751718|-0.370872|display=inline|type:landmark|name = Western Cemetery}}, Western Cemetery
24. ^{{coord|53.751761|-0.376344|display=inline|type:landmark|name = Western Cemetery, 1890s addition}}, Western Cemetery, 1890s addition
25. ^{{coord|53.751454|-0.374867|display=inline|type:landmark|name = Western Cemetery, 1890s addition, Mortuary chapel (site of) }}, Western Cemetery, 1890s addition, Mortuary chapel (site of)
26. ^{{coord|53.751482|-0.371570|display=inline|type:landmark|name = Mortuary chapel, non conformist (site of) }}, Mortuary chapel, non conformist (site of)
27. ^{{coord|53.751556|-0.369853|display=inline|type:landmark|name = Mortuary chapel, C of E (site of) }}, Mortuary chapel, C of E (site of)
28. ^{{coord|53.751581|-0.368344|display=inline|type:landmark|name = Quaker burial ground }}, Quaker burial ground
29. ^{{coord|53.752524|-0.363045|display=inline|type:landmark|name = General Cemetery mortuary chapel (site of) }}, General Cemetery mortuary chapel (site of)
makes no distinction between the two, referring to both as "Hull Cemetery". See Ordnance Survey maps from 1850 to 1900.
}}

References

{{reflist|30em|refs =[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]
}}

Sources

{{refbegin}}
  • {{citation| url =https://archive.org/details/generalconcisehi00shea | title = General and concise history and description of the town and port of Kingston-upon-Hull| first = James Joseph| last = Sheahan | date = 1864 }}
  • {{citation| url =https://archive.org/details/kingstonianabei00symogoog | title =Kingstoniana: being Historical Gleanings and Personal Recollections | chapter = A Visit to Spring Bank Cemetery| chapterurl = https://archive.org/stream/kingstonianabei00symogoog#page/n166/mode/2up | pages = 124 – |first = John| last = Symons| year = 1889 }}
  • {{citation| work = The Buildings of England| title = Yorkshire: York and the East Riding| first = Nikolaus| last = Pevsner| authorlink = Nikolaus Pevsner | first2 = David| last2 = Neave |edition =2 | year = 1995|isbn= 9780300095937}}
{{refend}}

Landmarks and map locations

{{GeoGroup}}{{reflist|group="map"|refs =[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]
}}

External links

{{commons category|General Cemetery, Kingston upon Hull}}{{commons category|Western Cemetery, Kingston upon Hull}}
  • [https://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/2039542/HULL%20WESTERN%20CEMETERY CWGC: Hull Western Cemetery]
{{Cemeteries in England}}

2 : Cemeteries in Kingston upon Hull|Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemeteries in England
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